scholarly journals Comparison of four methods to measure haemoglobin concentrations in whole blood donors (COMPARE): a diagnostic accuracy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Bell ◽  
Michael Sweeting ◽  
Anna Ramond ◽  
Ryan Chung ◽  
Stephen Kaptoge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Haematology Analyser ◽  
Haemoglobin Measurement ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

SUMMARYObjectiveTo compare four haemoglobin measurement methods in whole blood donors.BackgroundTo safeguard donors, blood services measure haemoglobin concentration in advance of each donation. NHS Blood and Transplant’s (NHSBT) usual method has been capillary gravimetry (copper sulphate), followed by venous HemoCue® (spectrophotometry) for donors failing gravimetry. However, gravimetry/venous HemoCue® results in 10% of donors being inappropriately bled (i.e., with haemoglobin values below the regulatory threshold).MethodsThe following were compared in 21,840 blood donors (aged ≥18 years) recruited from 10 mobile centres of NHSBT in England, with each method compared with the Sysmex XN-2000 haematology analyser, the reference standard: 1) gravimetry/venous HemoCue®; 2) “post donation” approach, i.e., estimating current haemoglobin concentration from that measured by a haematology analyser at a donor’s most recent prior donation; 3) capillary HemoCue®; and 4) non-invasive spectrometry (MBR Haemospect® or Orsense NMB200®). We assessed each method for sensitivity; specificity; proportion of donors who would have been inappropriately bled, or rejected from donation (“deferred”) incorrectly; and test preference.ResultsCompared with the reference standard, the methods ranged in test sensitivity from 17.0% (MBR Haemospect®) to 79.0% (HemoCue®) in men, and from 19.0% (MBR Haemospect®) to 82.8% (HemoCue®) in women. For specificity, the methods ranged from 87.2% (MBR Haemospect®) to 99.9% (gravimetry/venous HemoCue®) in men, and from 74.1% (Orsense NMB200®) to 99.8% (gravimetry/venous HemoCue®) in women. The proportion of donors who would have been inappropriately bled ranged from 2.2% in men for HemoCue® to 18.9% in women for MBR Haemospect®. The proportion of donors who would have been deferred incorrectly with haemoglobin concentration above the minimum threshold ranged from 0.1% in men for gravimetry/venous HemoCue® to 20.3% in women for OrSense®. Most donors preferred non-invasive spectrometry.ConclusionIn the largest study reporting head-to-head comparisons of four methods to measure haemoglobin prior to blood donation, our results support replacement of venous HemoCue® with the capillary HemoCue® when donors fail gravimetry. These results have had direct translational implications for NHS Blood and Transplant in England.

Progressive evaluation in spectroscopic sensors for non-invasive blood haemoglobin analysis - a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Ayush Dogra ◽  
Ajeet Kaushik ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Spot Check ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Spectroscopic Sensors

Abstract Frequent monitoring of haemoglobin concentration is highly recommended by physicians to diagnose anaemia and polycythemia Vera. Moreover, Some other conditions also demand assessment of haemoglobin, and these conditions are blood loss, before blood donation, during pregnancy, preoperative, perioperative and postoperative conditions. Cyanmethaemoglobin/haemiglobincyanide method, portable haemoglobinometers and haematology analyzers are few standard methods to diagnose mentioned ailments. However, discomfort, delay and risk of infection are typical limitations of traditional measuring solutions. These limitations create the necessity to develop a non-invasive haemoglobin monitoring technique for a better lifestyle. Various methods and products are already developed and popular due to their non-invasiveness; however, invasive solutions are still considered as the reference standard method. Therefore, this review summarizes the attributes of existing non-invasive solutions. These attributes are finalized as brief details, accuracy, optimal benefits, and research challenges for exploring potential gaps, advancements and possibilities to consider as futuristic alternative methodologies. Non-invasive total haemoglobin assessing techniques are mainly based on optical spectroscopy (reflectance/transmittance) or digital photography or spectroscopic imaging in spot check/continuous monitoring mode. In all these techniques, we have noticed that there is a need to consider different light conditions, motion artefacts, melanocytes, other blood constituents, smoking and precise fixing of the sensor from the sensing spot for exact formulation. Moreover, based on careful and critical analysis of outcomes, none of these techniques or products is used independently or intended to replace invasive laboratory testing. Therefore there is a requirement for a more accurate technique that can eliminate the requirement of blood samples and likely end up as a reference standard method.

The Informed Consent Process in Whole Blood Donation

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay A. Alaishuski ◽  
Rodney D. Grim ◽  
Ronald E. Domen
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Informed Consent Process ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Consent Process ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Eligibility Requirements

Abstract Context.—Informed consent in transfusion medicine has been an area lacking of significant research and it is unknown if donors fully comprehend the risks associated with whole blood donation. Objective.—To assess the adequacy of the informed consent process in whole blood donation. Design.—A brief questionnaire was constructed and distributed to whole blood donors visiting various fixed and mobile donor sites of the Central Pennsylvania Blood Bank. Questions consisted of demographic information; donor opinions of information content, length, and comprehension; and a short quiz pertaining to donor risks and eligibility. Results.—Analysis of 849 surveys demonstrated that donors comprehended a mean of 73.5% of the various donor eligibility and risks that were surveyed. Female and younger donors scored statistically higher on comprehension questions compared with male and older counterparts. Donors were most aware of (1) donor eligibility requirements related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome comprehension, (2) the risk of dizziness postdonation, and (3) having lived in a certain country (93.7%–95.6% comprehension, respectively). Donors were least aware of (1) the risk of a possible referral to a physician for outstanding medical conditions or positive test results, (2) the risk of a positive test result, and (3) West Nile virus testing information (22.4%–49.3% comprehension, respectively). Conclusions.—Whole blood donors believed that they were giving informed consent, but a significant percentage of donors were unaware of several of the risks associated with blood donation, including participation in West Nile virus research testing. Our data suggest that donors do not fully comprehend the risks of whole blood donation and that repetition of information to the donor, and in multiple formats, strengthens the level of comprehension and thus the informed consent process.

scholarly journals Longer-term efficiency and safety of increasing the frequency of whole blood donation (INTERVAL): extension study of a randomised trial of 20 757 blood donors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e510-e520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Kaptoge ◽  
Emanuele Di Angelantonio ◽  
Carmel Moore ◽  
Matthew Walker ◽  
Jane Armitage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Extension Study ◽  
Interval Extension

scholarly journals Donor Hemovigilance Programme in managing Blood Transfusion Needs: Complications of Whole Blood Donation

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mangwana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Vasovagal Reactions

Background: Hemovigilance like quality systems and audits have become an integral part of Blood Transfusion Services in the developed countries and has contributed greatly to its development. Hemovigilance begins with donors and must enable the collection of information on reactions occurring during the donation of blood, selections of donors and to prevent such incidents. The aim of study was to help identify the trends of adverse events , occurring in blood donors at a tertiary-care hospital, to recommend best practices to improve donor care and safety Materials and Methods: This record-based study was conducted on all adverse events related to allogenic whole blood donations performed over 24 months. All whole blood donations were analyzed. All adverse events occurring during or at the end of the donation were noted using a standardized format and analyzed determining significance at p<0.05. Results: Overall rate was 0.3% with vasovagal reactions constituting 82%, and 18% mild syncopal reactions (p<0.001). Immediate vasovagal reaction with injury was very rare (0.007%). Vasovagal reactions showed a significant association with young age, female gender, first time donation status. Mean age of persons recording adverse effects was 30.23 ± 7.49 years as compared to those without adverse effects, 31.14 ± 8.56 years. Conclusion: Donor safety is an essential perquisite to increase voluntary blood donation. AE analysis helps in identifying the blood donors at risk of AE, applying appropriate motivational strategies, predonation counseling, care during and after donation, developing guidelines and hemovigilance programme in countries with limited resources. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.8993   Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 459-463

scholarly journals Equilibration and Increase of Hemoglobin Concentration after One Unit Whole Blood Transfusion among Patients Not Actively Bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Md Mazharul Hoque ◽  
Sheikh Daud Adnan ◽  
Shanaz Karim ◽  
Mohd Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Subir Nandy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinical Records

Background: Transfusion is a specialized modality of patient management and lifesaving intervention. The decision to transfuse should be individualized, based on a rational approach and taking into account the hemoglobin value in addition to physiologic variables. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of increase in haemoglobin levels and the rapidity of equilibration after single unit fresh whole blood transfusion in medical inpatients not actively bleeding among the Bangladeshi population.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the periods of July 2012 to June 2013. Total 100 purposively selected admitted patients in the Department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) undergone blood transfusion were included in the study. Demographic characteristics were obtained from the clinical records and by face to face interview. Haemoglobin concentration was measured before transfusion, after 6 hours and 24 hours of transfusion using standard laboratory method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 (SPPS Incorporation, Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison between mean values of haemoglobin was compared with student’s t-test and two-sided P value of 0.05 or less was considered significant.Results: The mean ±SD of the age of the respondents was 24.17±4.96 years with a range of 19 to 45 years and 90.0% were male and 10.0% were female. Previous blood donation history present in 72.0% respondents and absent in 28.0% respondents. Mean±SD of Hb level before, 6 hours and 24 hours after transfusion were 7.64±1.05, 8.03±1.07 and 8.78±1.19 gm/dl respectively. In the present study the mean increase of Hb 6 hours and 24 hours after transfusion were 0.39 gm/dl and 1.14 gm/dl respectively. Comparison between mean Hb level of before transfusion with 6 hours and 24 hours after transfusion revealed a statistically significant difference. Comparison between mean Hb level at 6 hours and 24 hours after transfusion also revealed a statistically significant difference.Conclusion: The study revealed slightly more one gram increase of Hb at 24 hours after transfusion of one unit of whole blood among patients not actively bleeding. There is significant difference between Hb level at 6 hours and 24 hours after transfusion.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.2, October, 2014, Page 161-166

Adverse effects in blood donors after whole-blood donation: you find what you look for!

Transfusion ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sojka ◽  
Birgitta Nilsson Sojka
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation

Hemoglobin and iron indices in nonanemic premenopausal blood donors predict future deferral from whole blood donation

Transfusion ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2709-2713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sant-Rayn Pasricha ◽  
Zoe K. McQuilten ◽  
Anthony J. Keller ◽  
Erica M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation

scholarly journals Blood Donation Fear, Perceived Rewards, Self-Efficacy, and Intention to Return Among Whole Blood Donors in China: A Social Cognitive Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Li ◽  
Shuge Lei ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Yilun Zhao ◽  
Yudong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
Intrinsic Rewards ◽  
Intention To Return

With the increasing demand from aging population and seasonal blood shortage, recruiting and retaining blood donors has become an urgent issue for the blood collection centers in China. This study aims to understand intention to donate again from a social cognitive perspective among whole blood donors in China through investigating the association between the blood donation fear, perceived rewards, self-efficacy, and intention to return. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in six cities, which are geographically and socioeconomically distinct areas in Jiangsu, China. Respondents completed a self-administrated questionnaire interviewed by two well-trained medical students. A total of 191 blood donors were included in the current study. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and a generalized linear regression model were used to explore the association between demographic characteristics, psychological factors, and intention to donate again. After controlling other covariates, donors with higher fear scores reported lower intention to return (p = 0.008). Association between self-efficacy and intention to return was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001), whereas the association between intrinsic rewards (p = 0.387), extrinsic rewards (p = 0.939), and intention to return were statistically insignificant. This study found that either intrinsic rewards or extrinsic rewards are not significantly associated with intention to donate again among whole blood donors in China, and fear is negatively associated with intention to donate again. Therefore, purposive strategies could be enacted beyond appeals to rewards and focus on the management of donors’ fear.

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