scholarly journals Flies getting filthy: The precopulatory mating behaviours of three mud-dwelling species of Australian Lispe (Diptera: Muscidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Butterworth ◽  
James F. Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Intrasexual Competition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Male Aggression ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Courtship Displays ◽  
Vibratory Signals

AbstractLispe (Diptera: Muscidae) is a cosmopolitan genus of predatory flies that inhabit the muddy and sandy surrounds of water bodies. There are more than 163 described species worldwide, many of which are known to exhibit cursorial courtship displays which involve complex visual and vibratory signals. Despite the widespread distribution of these flies and their remarkable courtship displays, the biology and behaviour of most species are entirely unknown. Here, for the first time, we describe the pre-copulatory mating behaviours of three widespread and common Australian species: Lispe sydneyensis, Lispe albimaculata and Lispe xenochaeta. We demonstrate that all three species exhibit entirely unique courtship displays, consisting of complex behavioural repertoires. Importantly, we highlight intrasexual competition in L. sydneyensis, where males engage in competitive dances and combat. We also report female-male aggression in L. albimaculata and L. xenochaeta where females charge and display towards males. These novel mating systems provide unique opportunities to test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses.

To the flora of сonjugates (Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae) of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. F. Luknitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time

76 species, 3 varieties and 1 form from 21 genera of Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae (Actinotaenium, Bambusina, Closterium, Cosmarium, Cylindrocystis, Euastrum, Gonatozygon, Haplotaenium, Micrasterias, Mougeotia, Netrium, Penium, Planotaenium, Pleurotaenium, Raphidiastrum, Spirogyra, Spirotaenia, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus, Tetmemorus, Xanthidium) were found in the basins of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia). The list of species is annotated with data on the species distribution in 55 collecting sites of 29 water bodies of the national park, and species abundance in collected samples according to Luknitskaya (2009). Among above mentioned genera, the genus Cosmarium is represented by the greatest number of species (20). Staurastrum chaetoceros has been found for the first time for the Novgorod Region.

Lecanactis (Roccellaceae) in Tasmania, with the description of a new saxicolous species and a revised key for the genus in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Gintaras Kantvilas
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New South ◽  
First Record ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
European Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Tasmanian Endemic ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe lichen genus Lecanactis Körb. in Tasmania comprises six species: L. abietina (Ach.) Körb., which is widespread and pan-temperate; L. latispora Egea & Torrente and L. neozelandica Egea & Torrente, both shared with New Zealand and with the former recorded here from the Auckland Islands for the first time; L. mollis (Stirt.) Frisch & Ertz, shared with Victoria and New Zealand; L. aff. dilleniana (Ach.) Körb., a European species recorded provisionally for Tasmania on the basis of several sterile collections; L. scopulicola Kantvilas, which is described here as new to science and apparently a Tasmanian endemic. This new taxon occurs in rocky underhangs and is characterized by a thick, leprose thallus containing schizopeltic acid, and 3-septate ascospores, 19–30 × 4.5–6 μm. Short descriptions and a discussion of distribution and ecology are given for all species. A key for all 11 Australian species of the genus is provided, including L. subfarinosa (C. Knight) Hellb. and L. tibelliana Egea & Torrente, which are recorded for Australia for the first time, and L. platygraphoides (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., a first record for New South Wales. Lecanactis spermatospora Egea & Torrente and L. sulphurea Egea & Torrente are also included.

The Australian species of Aponomma and Amblyomma (Ixodoidea).

1953 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
FHS Roberts
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

A study has been made of the Australian species of Aponomma and Amblyomma (Ixodoidea). Nine species of Aponomma were determined, namely A. trachysauri, A. hydrosauri, A. auruginans, A. decorosum, A. simplex, A. trimuculatum, A. tachyglossi, A, tropicum, and A. pulchrum, the last three species being new. Two previously described species, namely A. quadratum and A. ecinctum, were recognized among the material available for study. A detailed description given of each species together with essential figures. Keys to the males, females, and nymphs are included. Twelve species of Amblyomma were seen. Species previously described included A. moreliae, A. limbatum, A. albolimbatum, A. triguttatum, A. australiense, and A. papuanu. A. postoculatum and A. helvolum were not recognized among the material available for study. A. papuana is recorded from Australia for the first time. Four new species, namely A. sternne, A. echidnae, A. macropi, and A. moyi, are described. Keys to the males and females are given.

Cyanophycean (Cyanobacterial) diversity from the Lakhimpur-Khiri District of Northern Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Digvijay Verma ◽  
Vinay Kumar Singh ◽  
Rinku Bharati ◽  
Shyam Kishore ◽  
Seshu Lavania
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Methylene Blue Solution ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Blue Solution ◽  
Cyanobacterial Diversity ◽  
First Time

In the present study, the cyanophycean diversity of the Lakhimpur-Khiri district, northern Uttar Pradesh, India, has been investigated for the first time. Algae samples were collected in plastic bottles and preserved in 3-4% formalin from Lakhimpur-Khiri district of northern Uttar Pradesh in different seasons from 2015 to 2016. The field photographs of the selected localities were also taken and the location of each site noted down. For the Microscopic study of Cyanophycean algae, the samples were stained with 1 % aqueous methylene blue solution according to the standard method. The observations and photomicrography were done with help of Nikon Labophot-11 microscope. A total of 31 cyanophycean algal taxa have been recorded from different water bodies of Lakhimpur-Khiri. These algal taxa belong to 14 genera and 9 families of the division Cyanophyata. Of these, Oscillatoria (7), Phormidium (4) and Lyngbya (3) are abundant.

ESTIMATION OF NITROGLYCERINE WATER SOLUTION TOXICITY BY HISTOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL INDICES USING DANIO RERIO AS A CASE STUDY

Fisheries ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Yuri Simakov ◽  
Dmitry Nikiforov-Nikishin ◽  
Larisa Bychkova ◽  
Nadegda Lyubovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pharmaceutical Enterprises

The results of laboratory experiments on nitroglycerine toxicity detected by histological and cytological indices are presented, using Danio rerio as a case study. For the first time, there are shown the changes in liver and kidneys, both at tissular and cellular levels, induced by administered concentrations of nitroglycerine. The results obtained appear to be important for water bodies’ preservation and elaboration of MPC standards. The intake of nitroglycerine into water bodies is due, mainly, to discharge from pharmaceutical enterprises, demolition works, and outflow from explosives storehouses. Fish turned out to be sensitive to nitroglycerine as indicated by histological and hematological indices. Maximum permissible concentration, MPC, for Danio rerio is determined to be equal to 0.5 mg/l.

scholarly journals Human Bocavirus Infection Markers in Peripheral Blood and Stool Samples of Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiga Nora-Krukle ◽  
Anda Vilmane ◽  
Man Xu ◽  
Santa Rasa ◽  
Inga Ziemele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogens ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
First Time ◽  
Infection Markers

Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) 1–4 belong to the Parvoviridae family, and they infect the respiratory or gastrointestinal tracts in children. We investigated the prevalence of HBoV1–4 DNAs in the blood and stool samples, and of HBoV1–4 IgG and IgM in the plasma samples, of children presenting with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). In addition, we identified HBoV co-infections with the five most frequent gastrointestinal pathogens. A total of 83 paired blood and stool samples were collected from children aged five years or less. Infection markers of HBoV1, 2, or 3 (viral DNA in blood and/or stool and/or antibodies) were detected in 61 out of 83 (73.5%) patients. HBoV1, 2, or 3 DNA as a monoinfection was revealed in 18.1%, 2.4%, and 1.2%, respectively, and 21.7% in total. In 56.1% of the HBoV DNA-positive patients, the presence in stool of another virus—most frequently norovirus or rotavirus—was observed. In conclusion, this study, for the first time, illustrates the prevalence and genetic diversity of HBoVs in Latvian children with gastroenteritis, and shows a widespread distribution of these viruses in the community. HBoV1 and 2 are commonly found as single infectious agents in children with AGE, suggesting that the viruses can be as pathogenic by themselves as other enteric agents are.

scholarly journals First record of the invasive snail Melanoides tuberculatus (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Thiaridae) in the Paranã River basin, GO, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rocha-Miranda ◽  
M. J. Martins-Silva
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
First Record ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Parana River ◽  
First Time ◽  
Paraná River Basin

The Thiarid snail Melanoides tuberculatus (Müller, 1774), native to Asia and East Africa was recorded for the first time in the Paranã River basin, Goiás State. There is no evidence concerning introduction vectors but aquarium releases is the most probable vector. Specimens were collected at three different water bodies after twenty-seven rivers were investigated. The possible spread of this species to other habitats and potential effects on native thermal water communities are discussed.

scholarly journals ATOP THE KADMEIA: MYCENAEAN ROOF TILES FROM THEBES IN CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 175-245
Author(s):  
Vassilis L. Aravantinos ◽  
Ioannis Fappas ◽  
Yannis Galanakis
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Similar Material ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

Questions were raised in the past regarding the use of Mycenaean tiles as ‘roof tiles’ on the basis of the small numbers of them recovered in excavations and their overall scarcity in Mycenaean domestic contexts. The investigation of the Theodorou plot in 2008 in the southern part of the Kadmeia hill at Thebes yielded the single and, so far, largest known assemblage per square metre of Mycenaean tiles from a well-documented excavation. This material allows, for the first time convincingly, to identify the existence of a Mycenaean tiled roof. This paper presents the results of our work on the Theodorou tiles, placing emphasis on their construction, form and modes of production, offering the most systematic study of Mycenaean tiles to date. It also revisits contexts of discovery of similar material from excavations across Thebes. Popular as tiles might have been in Boeotia, and despite their spatially widespread attestation, their use in Aegean Late Bronze Age architecture appears, on the whole, irregular with central Greece and the north-east Peloponnese being the regions with the most sites known to have yielded such objects. Mycenaean roof tiles date mostly from the mid- and late fourteenth century bc to the twelfth century bc. A study of their construction, form, production and contexts suggests that their role, apart from adding extra insulation, might have been one of signposting certain buildings in the landscape. We also present the idea that Mycenaean tile-making was guided by a particular conventional knowledge which was largely influenced by ceramic-related technologies (pottery- and drain-making). While production of roof tiles might have been palace-instigated to begin with, it does not appear to have been strictly controlled. This approach to Mycenaean tile-making may also help explain their uneven (in terms of intensity of use) yet widespread distribution.

scholarly journals Acoustic signalling during courtship in the painted goby, Pomatoschistus pictus

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C.P. Amorim ◽  
A.S.M. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Courtship Behaviour ◽  
Male Size ◽  
Pulse Trains ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Somatic Condition ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Courtship Displays

Gobies emit sounds during different stages of reproduction, including courtship, pre-spawning events (in the nest) and spawning. The breeding sounds of the painted goby Pomatoschistus pictus and associated courtship behaviour were recorded in captivity and described for the first time. Males emitted thump-like sounds mainly when displaying alone in the nest and produced drumming sounds outside the nest. Thumps have never been reported for other species of the genus Pomatoschistus. Thumps were short (~80 ms) very-low frequency (below 100 Hz) non-pulsed sounds, whereas drums were longer (hundreds of ms) and consisted of low frequency (~300 Hz) pulse trains. Thump characteristics varied significantly among males but also showed high within-male variability. The frequency of thump emissions and courtship behaviour (total number of courtship displays, lead and nest display) were positively correlated with male size but not with male somatic condition. Thump bursts emitted during nest displays were significantly longer than when emitted with other behaviours. These results suggest that larger males courted females more intensively, both with visual and acoustic displays, than smaller ones.

scholarly journals Speciation towards tetraploidization after intermediate processes of non-sexual reproduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1505) ◽  
pp. 2921-2929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Cunha ◽  
Ignacio Doadrio ◽  
Maria M Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Diploid Hybrid ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Animal Evolution ◽  
Sex Ratio Bias ◽  
First Time ◽  
Normal Meiosis ◽  
Experimental Crosses ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Polyploidy, hybridization and variation in mating systems are central issues for a deeper understanding of animal evolution. The Iberian species Squalius alburnoides represents an example combining all three phenomena. Previous studies showed that S. alburnoides populations are mainly composed of triploid and diploid hybrid forms (mainly females), and that the tetraploid forms are rare or absent. Both populations from the Douro drainage reveal a distinct scenario: tetraploid individuals represent 85.6–97.5% of the population, with no sex ratio bias observed. Based on the flow cytometry measurements of blood and spermatozoa cells, microsatellite loci and experimental crosses, we describe here, for the first time, two symmetric allotetraploid populations (CCAA) that resumed normal meiosis after undergoing intermediate processes of non-sexual reproduction to give rise to a new sexually reproducing polyploid species. Prezygotic (habitat selection and assortative mating) and postzygotic mechanisms (nonviable embryos) are responsible for the reproductive isolation from other forms of the S. alburnoides complex (e.g. CA, CAA). This example illustrates how hybrid polyploid complexes may lead to speciation.

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