scholarly journals EXTERNAL VALIDATION OF A NOVEL DIGITAL SIGNATURE IN CONTINUOUS CARDIORESPIRATORY MONITORING TO DETECT EARLY RESPIRATORY DETERIORATION OF ICU PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael A Callcut ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Christina Tsai ◽  
Andrea Villaroman ◽  
Anamaria Robles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Emergency Intubation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Surgical Icus ◽  
External Population ◽  
The University

The goal of predictive analytics monitoring is the early detection of patients at high risk of subacute potentially catastrophic illnesses. A good example of a target illness is respiratory failure leading to urgent unplanned intubation, where early detection might lead to interventions that improve patient outcome. Previously, we identified signatures of this illness in the continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring data of Intensive Care Unit patients and devised algorithms to identify patients at rising risk. Here, we externally validated 3 logistic regression models to estimate risk of emergency intubation that were developed in Medical and Surgical ICUs at the University of Virginia. We calculated the model outputs for more than 8000 patients in University of California San Francisco ICUs, 240 of whom underwent emergency intubation as determined by individual chart review. We found that the AUC of the models exceeded 0.75 in this external population, and that the risk rose appreciably over the 12 hours prior to the event. We conclude that abnormal signatures of respiratory failure in the continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring are a generalizable phenomenon.

scholarly journals High incidence of fractures after R-CHOP-like chemotherapy for aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Wen Huang ◽  
Dong Sun ◽  
Thomas M. Link ◽  
Thomas Lang ◽  
Weiyun Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Prevalent Fracture ◽  
High Doses ◽  
The University

Abstract Purpose Patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have a median age of 67, with 70% surviving over 5 years. Chemotherapy for aggressive NHL includes cyclophosphamide, anthracycline, and high doses of corticosteroids, which can impair bone health. By reviewing clinical characteristics and standard-of-care CT scans, we evaluate the prevalence and incidence of fractures and the clinical correlates of fractures in patients treated for aggressive B-cell NHL. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients seen at the University of California San Francisco lymphoma clinic from January 1, 2016, to March 31, 2017 who had (1) aggressive B-cell NHL, (2) received first-line therapy with R-CHOP-like regimens, and had (3) CT scans pre- and post-treatment available for review. Associations between clinical variables and vertebral, rib, and pelvic fracture outcomes were assessed, and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of prevalent and incident fractures. Results We identified 162 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Median age at diagnosis was 60 years. Of the 162 patients, 38 patients (28%) had prevalent fractures prior to receiving chemotherapy. Within 1 year after treatment, 16 patients (10%) developed new fractures. Having a prevalent fracture strongly predicted developing a new fracture after treatment, with incident fractures occurring in 12 of 38 patients with prevalent fractures versus 4 of 124 without prevalent fractures (odds ratio 10.45, p<0.0005). Conclusion Our results suggest that patients with aggressive B-cell NHL who receive R-CHOP-like therapy should be screened for fractures prior to treatment and those with existing fractures should be considered for therapy to decrease risk of new fractures.

scholarly journals Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Women with Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture during Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Yan ◽  
Nerissa U. Ko ◽  
Steven W. Hetts ◽  
Shantel Weinsheimer ◽  
Adib A. Abla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Brain Avm ◽  
Risk Of Hemorrhage ◽  
The University

Background: Sporadic brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM) are a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke in younger persons. Prior studies have reported contradictory results regarding the risk of hemorrhage during pregnancy, and there are no standard guidelines for the management of pregnant women who present with BAVM rupture. The purpose of this study is to describe maternal and fetal outcomes and treatment strategies in patients with BAVM hemorrhage during pregnancy. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the University of California, San Francisco Brain AVM Project database for female patients who were pregnant at the time of BAVM hemorrhage between 2000 and 2017. Clinical and angiographic characteristics at presentation, BAVM treatment, and maternal outcomes using modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at presentation and 2-year follow-up were recorded. Fetal outcomes were abstracted from medical records and maternal reports. Results: Sixteen patients presented with BAVM hemorrhage during pregnancy, 81% (n = 13) of whom were in their second or third trimester. Three patients (19%) who were in their first trimester terminated or miscarried pregnancy prior to BAVM intervention. Of the remaining 13 patients, 77% (n = 10) received emergent BAVM treatment at time of hemorrhage prior to delivery, and 85% of patients achieved BAVM obliteration and good maternal outcomes (mRS 0–2) at 2-year follow-up. All patients had uncomplicated deliveries (69% cesarean and 23% vaginal) with no reports of postnatal cognitive or developmental delays in infants at 2-year follow-up. Conclusions: Our study shows good long-term maternal and fetal outcomes in ruptured BAVM patients presenting during pregnancy, the majority who received BAVM interventional treatment prior to delivery.

scholarly journals Travel Demand Prediction during COVID-19 Pandemic: Educational and Working Trips at the University of Padova

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6596
Author(s):  
Riccardo Ceccato ◽  
Riccardo Rossi ◽  
Massimiliano Gastaldi
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
The University

The diffusion of the COVID-19 pandemic has induced fundamental changes in travel habits. Although many previous authors have analysed factors affecting observed variations in travel demand, only a few works have focused on predictions of future new normal conditions when people will be allowed to decide whether to travel or not, although risk mitigation measures will still be enforced on vehicles, and innovative mobility services will be implemented. In addition, few authors have considered future mandatory trips of students that constitute a great part of everyday travels and are fundamental for the development of society. In this paper, logistic regression models were calibrated by using data from a revealed and stated-preferences mobility survey administered to students and employees at the University of Padova (Italy), to predict variables impacting on their decisions to perform educational and working trips in the new normal phase. Results highlighted that these factors are different between students and employees; furthermore, available travel alternatives and specific risk mitigation measures on vehicles were found to be significant. Moreover, the promotion of the use of bikes, as well as bike sharing, car pooling and micro mobility among students can effectively foster sustainable mobility habits. On the other hand, countermeasures on studying/working places resulted in a slight effect on travel decisions.

scholarly journals Relationship between 24-h venous blood glucose variation and mortality among patients with acute respiratory failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Jiamei Li ◽  
Ya Gao ◽  
Ruohan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEvidence indicates that glucose variation (GV) plays an important role in mortality of critically ill patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the coefficient of variation of 24-h venous blood glucose (24-hVBGCV) and mortality among patients with acute respiratory failure. The records of 1625 patients in the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II (MIMIC II) database were extracted. The 24-hVBGCV was calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation (SD) to the mean venous blood glucose level, expressed as a percentage. The outcomes included ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality. Participants were divided into three subgroups based on tertiles of 24-hVBGCV. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between 24-hVBGCV and mortality. Sensitivity analyses were also performed in groups of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Taking the lowest tertile as a reference, after adjustment for all the covariates, the highest tertile was significantly associated with ICU mortality [odds ratio (OR), 1.353; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.018–1.797] and in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.319; 95% CI, 1.003–1.735), especially in the population without diabetes. The 24-hVBGCV may be associated with ICU and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute respiratory failure in the ICU, especially in those without diabetes.

scholarly journals Ganoderma boninense Disease Detection by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Classification: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3052
Author(s):  
Mas Ira Syafila Mohd Hilmi Tan ◽  
Mohd Faizal Jamlos ◽  
Ahmad Fairuz Omar ◽  
Fatimah Dzaharudin ◽  
Suramate Chalermwisutkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Machine Learning Classification ◽  
Detection Techniques

Ganoderma boninense (G. boninense) infection reduces the productivity of oil palms and causes a serious threat to the palm oil industry. This catastrophic disease ultimately destroys the basal tissues of oil palm, causing the eventual death of the palm. Early detection of G. boninense is vital since there is no effective treatment to stop the continuing spread of the disease. This review describes past and future prospects of integrated research of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), machine learning classification for predictive analytics and signal processing towards an early G. boninense detection system. This effort could reduce the cost of plantation management and avoid production losses. Remarkably, (i) spectroscopy techniques are more reliable than other detection techniques such as serological, molecular, biomarker-based sensor and imaging techniques in reactions with organic tissues, (ii) the NIR spectrum is more precise and sensitive to particular diseases, including G. boninense, compared to visible light and (iii) hand-held NIRS for in situ measurement is used to explore the efficacy of an early detection system in real time using ML classifier algorithms and a predictive analytics model. The non-destructive, environmentally friendly (no chemicals involved), mobile and sensitive leads the NIRS with ML and predictive analytics as a significant platform towards early detection of G. boninense in the future.

Form as Weapon: the Political Function of Song in Urban Zimbabwean Theatre

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Martin Rohmer
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Political Function ◽  
Humboldt University ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University

In Zimbabwean society, what may not be spoken sometimes becomes acceptable in song – whether to avoid social taboos and enable a wife to complain against her mother-in-law, or in broadening the boundaries of political protest. In this article, Martin Rohmer looks back to the ways in which song enabled forms of protest against forced labour and other aspects of colonial rule – in times of outward compliance as well as of direct struggle – and considers how urban theatre groups in independent Zimbabwe have adapted the tradition to their own, contemporary ends. Martin Rohmer spent almost two years studying Zimbabwean theatre when a research assistant at the University of Bayreuth, and completed his doctorate on Theatre and Performance in Zimbabwe at the Humboldt University, Berlin, in 1997. Since then he has been working in the field of cultural management for the Young Artists' Festival in Bayreuth. The present paper was first presented at the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association in San Francisco in November 1996.

Lessons Learned from an Integrated Neurology Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Curriculum

2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001081
Author(s):  
Noriko Anderson ◽  
S Andrew Josephson ◽  
Nicole Rosendale
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
Residency Education ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The University ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

AbstractThe University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Neurology Department incorporated a formal diversity, equity and inclusion curriculum into the residency education in 2015. During that time, we have learned a number of lessons that can be useful to other institutions planning similar initiatives including: 1) training should be led by a multidisciplinary team with experienced educators; 2) sustainability of the curriculum requires broad departmental buy-in from leadership to junior faculty to the residents themselves; 3) the curriculum needs to balance training on fundamental topics with flexibility to change in response to current events and the needs of the community; and 4) the sessions need to be practical.

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