scholarly journals Effects of repeated vaccination and vaccine formulation on the induction of broadly neutralizing antibody responses against influenza A virus in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Yegorov ◽  
Daniel Celeste ◽  
Kimberly Braz Gomes ◽  
Jann C Ang ◽  
Colin Vandenhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Paediatric Cohort ◽  
The Impact

The induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that target the hemagglutinin stalk domain is a promising strategy for the development of universal influenza virus vaccines. bNAbs can be boosted in adults by sequential exposure to heterosubtypic viruses through natural infection or vaccination. However, little is known about if/how bNAbs are induced by vaccination in more immunologically naive children. Here, we describe the impact of repeated seasonal influenza vaccination and vaccine type on induction of bNAbs in a well-characterized paediatric cohort enrolled in a series of randomized control trials of seasonal influenza vaccination. Repeated seasonal vaccination resulted in significant boosting of a durable bNAb response. Boosting of serological bNAbs titers was comparable within inactivated and live attenuated (LAIV) vaccinees and declined with age. These data provide new insights into vaccine-elicited bNAb induction in children, which has important implications for the design of universal influenza vaccine modalities in this critical population.

scholarly journals Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies after pandemic and trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination as well as natural infection in November 2010 in Hamburg, Germany

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Cramer ◽  
T Mac ◽  
B Hogan ◽  
S Stauga ◽  
S Eberhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Antibody Titres

The 2009 influenza pandemic has introduced the new re-assorted influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus which recirculated during the 2010/11 influenza season. Before that season, it was possible to acquire protective immunity either by pandemic or seasonal influenza vaccination against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 or by natural infection. To obtain data on vaccination coverage and antibody levels in a reference population and to calculate whether or not the herd immunity threshold (HIT, calculated as 33% given an R0 of 1.5) was reached at the beginning of the 2010/11 season we performed a seroprevalence study in November 2010 in Hamburg, Germany. Antibody titres were assessed applying a haemagglutination inhibition test. Vaccination coverage was very low: 14% for pandemic and 11% for seasonal 2010/11 vaccinations. Even in those with underlying risk factors, vaccination coverage was not much higher: 17% for both vaccines. Serological analysis revealed antibody titres of ≥1:10 in 135 of 352 (38%) and of ≥1:40 in 61 of 352 study participants (17%). Specific antibodies were measurable in 26% of those without history of vaccination or natural infection, indicating a high proportion of subclinical and mild influenza disease. Nevertheless, the HIT was not reached, leaving the majority of the population susceptible to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and its potential complications.

scholarly journals Impact of national influenza vaccination strategy in severe influenza outcomes among the high-risk Portuguese population

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ausenda Machado ◽  
Irina Kislaya ◽  
Amparo Larrauri ◽  
Carlos Matias Dias ◽  
Baltazar Nunes
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background All aged individuals with a chronic condition and those with 65 and more years are at increased risk of severe influenza post-infection complications. There is limited research on cases averted by the yearly vaccination programs in high-risk individuals. The objective was to estimate the impact of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination on averted hospitalizations and death among the high-risk population in Portugal. Methods The impact of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination was estimated using vaccine coverage, vaccine effectiveness and the number of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths. The number of averted events (NAE), prevented fraction (PF) and number needed to vaccinate (NVN) were estimated for seasons 2014/15 to 2016/17. Results The vaccination strategy averted on average approximately 1833 hospitalizations and 383 deaths per season. Highest NAE was observed in the ≥65 years population (85% of hospitalizations and 95% deaths) and in the 2016/17 season (1957 hospitalizations and 439 deaths). On average, seasonal vaccination prevented 21% of hospitalizations in the population aged 65 and more, and 18.5% in the population with chronic conditions. The vaccination also prevented 29% and 19.5% of deaths in each group of the high-risk population. It would be needed to vaccinate 3360 high-risk individuals, to prevent one hospitalization and 60,471 high-risk individuals to prevent one death. Conclusion The yearly influenza vaccination campaigns had a sustained positive benefit for the high-risk population, reducing hospitalizations and deaths. These results can support public health plans toward increased vaccine coverage in high-risk groups.

scholarly journals Response to 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine in HIV-Infected Patients and the Influence of Prior Seasonal Influenza Vaccination

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e16496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Soonawala ◽  
Guus F. Rimmelzwaan ◽  
Luc B. S. Gelinck ◽  
Leo G. Visser ◽  
Frank P. Kroon
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Vaccine ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals TIV Vaccination Modulates Host Responses to Influenza Virus Infection that Correlate with Protection against Bacterial Superinfection

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choi ◽  
Christopoulou ◽  
Saelens ◽  
García-Sastre ◽  
Schotsaert
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Bacterial Superinfection

Background: Influenza virus infection predisposes to secondary bacterial pneumonia. Currently licensed influenza vaccines aim at the induction of neutralizing antibodies and are less effective if the induction of neutralizing antibodies is low and/or the influenza virus changes its antigenic surface. We investigated the effect of suboptimal vaccination on the outcome of post-influenza bacterial superinfection. Methods: We established a mouse vaccination model that allows control of disease severity after influenza virus infection despite inefficient induction of virus-neutralizing antibody titers by vaccination. We investigated the effect of vaccination on virus-induced host immune responses and on the outcome of superinfection with Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Vaccination with trivalent inactivated virus vaccine (TIV) reduced morbidity after influenza A virus infection but did not prevent virus replication completely. Despite the poor induction of influenza-specific antibodies, TIV protected from mortality after bacterial superinfection. Vaccination limited loss of alveolar macrophages and reduced levels of infiltrating pulmonary monocytes after influenza virus infection. Interestingly, TIV vaccination resulted in enhanced levels of eosinophils after influenza virus infection and recruitment of neutrophils in both lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes after bacterial superinfection. Conclusion: These observations highlight the importance of disease modulation by influenza vaccination, even when suboptimal, and suggest that influenza vaccination is still beneficial to protect during bacterial superinfection in the absence of complete virus neutralization.

Feasibility and utility of influenza vaccination in hematology/oncology clinics.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
Navjeet Uppal ◽  
Swanee Tobin ◽  
Jennifer Cape ◽  
Matthew Muller ◽  
Lisa K. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Flu Shot

166 Background: Seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended for cancer patients. However, many cancer clinics do not routinely offer flu shots. Early in January, 2013, Toronto experienced widespread influenza activity. Approximately 25% of hospitalizations on the hematology/oncology ward at St. Michael's Hospital (SMH) during this time were for suspected influenza. A large number of patients were noted to be unvaccinated. In-response, influenza vaccination was organized in parallel with regular hematology/oncology clinics at SMH. Aims: To determine the feasibility and utility of influenza vaccination in a cancer clinic. Methods: All patients seen in the SMH hematology/oncology clinic between January 14 and February 1, 2013, were eligible for influenza vaccination. A brief survey was administered to obtain vaccination history, willingness to receive flu vaccination, and beliefs about flu vaccination. Information regarding diagnosis, treatment, and family physician was obtained from the medical record. Univariate testing was completed with the Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests as appropriate. Results: 555 patients were seen during the period of interest; 206 completed the survey (37% response rate). Median age of respondents was 63 years, 42% were male, and 81% had cancer. 107(52%) of respondents had not received seasonal influenza vaccination of whom 41 (38%) accepted vaccination when offered. Among vaccinated patients, most received the flu shot from a family physician (70%). Reasons for not receiving the flu shot were personal preference (24%), belief that it was not necessary (19%), inconvenience (14%), concerns about side effects (8%), believe that it was contraindicated during chemotherapy (7%) and a perception that a medical practitioner advised against it (7%). Patients without a registered family physician were less likely to have received the seasonal flu shot (p=0.03). Patients with a malignant diagnosis and patients receiving IV chemotherapy tended to have lower rates of seasonal flu vaccination (p=0.09 and p=0.12 respectively). Conclusions: Administering influenza vaccination during hematology/oncology clinics is feasible and may address a care gap in this population.

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