Elucidation of sub-cellular H2S metabolism in Solanum lycopersicum L. and its assessment under development and biotic stress

AbstractThe signalling molecules serve as a fundamental requirement in plants and respond to various internal and external cues. Among several signalling molecules, the significance of gasotransmitters has been realized in several plant developmental and environmental constraints. The hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel signalling molecule in higher plants and is involved in several physiological processes right from seed germination to flowering and fruit ripening. Moreover, H2S also assist plants in managing biotic and abiotic stresses, therefore serves as one of the imperative choice of chemical priming. Yet, the metabolism of H2S is not much explored and only appraisal study is made till date from Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, the present investigation explored the elucidation of H2S metabolism in crop plant Solanum lycopersicum L. Through in silico investigations the study demonstrated the participation of 29 proteins involved in H2S metabolism, which are mainly localized in cytosol, chloroplast, and mitochondria. Additionally, the relevant protein-protein interactomes were also inferred for sub-cellular compartments and expression data were explored under development and biotic stresses namely PAMPs treatment and bacterial infection. The information generated here will be of high relevance to better target the H2S metabolism to enhance the tomato prospects and also serve a preliminary investigation to be adopted in other agronomic important crops.

Download Full-text

Polyamines and Their Biosynthesis/Catabolism Genes Are Differentially Modulated in Response to Heat Versus Cold Stress in Tomato Leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9081749 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1749 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rakesh K. Upadhyay ◽

Tahira Fatima ◽

Avtar K. Handa ◽

Autar K. Mattoo

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Arginine Decarboxylase ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Biotic Stresses ◽

Spermine Synthase ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Arginase 1 ◽

Plant Life Cycle

Polyamines (PAs) regulate growth in plants and modulate the whole plant life cycle. They have been associated with different abiotic and biotic stresses, but little is known about the molecular regulation involved. We quantified gene expression of PA anabolic and catabolic pathway enzymes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) leaves under heat versus cold stress. These include arginase 1 and 2, arginine decarboxylase 1 and 2, agmatine iminohydrolase/deiminase 1, N-carbamoyl putrescine amidase, two ornithine decarboxylases, three S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylases, two spermidine synthases; spermine synthase; flavin-dependent polyamine oxidases (SlPAO4-like and SlPAO2) and copper dependent amine oxidases (SlCuAO and SlCuAO-like). The spatiotemporal transcript abundances using qRT-PCR revealed presence of their transcripts in all tissues examined, with higher transcript levels observed for SAMDC1, SAMDC2 and ADC2 in most tissues. Cellular levels of free and conjugated forms of putrescine and spermidine were found to decline during heat stress while they increased in response to cold stress, revealing their differential responses. Transcript levels of ARG2, SPDS2, and PAO4-like increased in response to both heat and cold stresses. However, transcript levels of ARG1/2, AIH1, CPA, SPDS1 and CuAO4 increased in response to heat while those of ARG2, ADC1,2, ODC1, SAMDC1,2,3, PAO2 and CuPAO4-like increased in response to cold stress, respectively. Transcripts of ADC1,2, ODC1,2, and SPMS declined in response to heat stress while ODC2 transcripts declined under cold stress. These results show differential expression of PA metabolism genes under heat and cold stresses with more impairment clearly seen under heat stress. We interpret these results to indicate a more pronounced role of PAs in cold stress acclimation compared to that under heat stress in tomato leaves.

Download Full-text

Cyclic AMP: A Polyhedral Signalling Molecule in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21144862 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (14) ◽

pp. 4862 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emanuela Blanco ◽

Stefania Fortunato ◽

Luigi Viggiano ◽

Maria Concetta de Pinto

Keyword(s):

Higher Plants ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Downstream Target ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Signalling Molecule ◽

Complex Architecture ◽

Molecular Components ◽

External Stimuli

The cyclic nucleotide cAMP (3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is nowadays recognised as an important signalling molecule in plants, involved in many molecular processes, including sensing and response to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. The validation of a functional cAMP-dependent signalling system in higher plants has spurred a great scientific interest on the polyhedral role of cAMP, as it actively participates in plant adaptation to external stimuli, in addition to the regulation of physiological processes. The complex architecture of cAMP-dependent pathways is far from being fully understood, because the actors of these pathways and their downstream target proteins remain largely unidentified. Recently, a genetic strategy was effectively used to lower cAMP cytosolic levels and hence shed light on the consequences of cAMP deficiency in plant cells. This review aims to provide an integrated overview of the current state of knowledge on cAMP’s role in plant growth and response to environmental stress. Current knowledge of the molecular components and the mechanisms of cAMP signalling events is summarised.

Download Full-text

Salinity acclimation ameliorates salt stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by triggering a cascade of physiological processes in the leaves

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 270 ◽

pp. 109434 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rowland Maganizo Kamanga ◽

Kohei Echigo ◽

Kensuke Yodoya ◽

Ahmad Mohammad M. Mekawy ◽

Akihiro Ueda

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Salinity Acclimation ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Physiological Processes

Download Full-text

Uptake, recognition and responses to peptidoglycan in the mammalian host

FEMS Microbiology Reviews ◽

10.1093/femsre/fuaa044 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Paulo A D Bastos ◽

Richard Wheeler ◽

Ivo G Boneca

Keyword(s):

Cell Entry ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Mammalian Host ◽

Signalling Molecules ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Signalling Molecule ◽

Kinetics And Dynamics ◽

Bacterial Effectors ◽

Recipient Tissue ◽

Molecular Nature

ABSTRACT Microbiota, and the plethora of signalling molecules that they generate, are a major driving force that underlies a striking range of inter-individual physioanatomic and behavioural consequences for the host organism. Among the bacterial effectors, one finds peptidoglycan, the major constituent of the bacterial cell surface. In the steady-state, fragments of peptidoglycan are constitutively liberated from bacterial members of the gut microbiota, cross the gut epithelial barrier and enter the host system. The fate of these peptidoglycan fragments, and the outcome for the host, depends on the molecular nature of the peptidoglycan, as well the cellular profile of the recipient tissue, mechanism of cell entry, the expression of specific processing and recognition mechanisms by the cell, and the local immune context. At the target level, physiological processes modulated by peptidoglycan are extremely diverse, ranging from immune activation to small molecule metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we bring together a fragmented body of literature on the kinetics and dynamics of peptidoglycan interactions with the mammalian host, explaining how peptidoglycan functions as a signalling molecule in the host under physiological conditions, how it disseminates within the host, and the cellular responses to peptidoglycan.

Download Full-text

Localization of Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity in the Phleom of Nicotiana Tabacum

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100094401 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 230-231

Author(s):

James Cronshaw ◽

Jamison E. Gilder

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Atpase Activity ◽

Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽

Higher Plants ◽

High Surface ◽

Root Tip ◽

Animal Cells ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Tip Cells ◽

Atpase Localization

Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity has been shown to be associated with numerous physiological processes in both plants and animal cells. Biochemical studies have shown that in higher plants ATPase activity is high in cell wall preparations and is associated with the plasma membrane, nuclei, mitochondria, chloroplasts and lysosomes. However, there have been only a few ATPase localization studies of higher plants at the electron microscope level. Poux (1967) demonstrated ATPase activity associated with most cellular organelles in the protoderm cells of Cucumis roots. Hall (1971) has demonstrated ATPase activity in root tip cells of Zea mays. There was high surface activity largely associated with the plasma membrane and plasmodesmata. ATPase activity was also demonstrated in mitochondria, dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and plastids.

Download Full-text

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119880 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 638-639

Author(s):

A. E. Hotchkiss ◽

A. T. Hotchkiss ◽

R. P. Apkarian

Keyword(s):

Green Algae ◽

Vascular Plants ◽

Vascular System ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽

Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Download Full-text

Evaluación de tres enraizadores comerciales en la producción de plántulas de tomate indeterminado (Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Lam)

RECUBRIMIENTO COMESTIBLE CON BASE DE PIÑON MEXICANO (Jatropha curcas) SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE CHAYOTE MINIMAMENTE PROCESADO ◽

10.32854/agrop.v12i9.1491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

Author(s):

M. Arébalo-Madrigal ◽

J.L. Escalante-González ◽

J.B. Yáñez-Coutiño ◽

M.E. Gallegos-Castro

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L

Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de plántula de tomate indeterminado bajo condiciones protegidas, aplicando tres enraizadores y un testigo para aumentar la producción del cultivo en la región. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: se utilizó bajo un diseño experimental en bloques completamente al azar, el cual consistió de cuatro tratamientos correspondiendo a cada uno de los bloques, donde cada bloque pertenecía a cuatro charolas de unicel de 200 cavidades con sustrato de BM2, con cuatro repeticiones cada uno, teniendo 15 unidades experimentales por tratamiento, sumando un total de 60 unidades experimentales, teniendo un total de 240 plántulas de tomate por todo el experimento. Resultados: Como resultado se obtuvo que el enraizador de Phyto Root tuvo un gran efecto en cuanto al desarrollo de altura, grosor de tallo, numero de hojas, biomasa aérea y peso del cepellón, parámetros importantes que debe tener una plántula para su desarrollo y crecimiento al momento de trasplante a campo. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El manejo agronómico desde la siembra en charolas, es necesario que sea uniforme en todos los tratamientos y las repeticiones para tener mejores resultados en cuanto el efecto de los enraizadores. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Para obtener plántulas de buena calidad en el momento de trasplante a campo se le recomienda a la empresa y a los productores de plántulas utilizar el tratamiento de Phyto Root, ya que fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo.

Download Full-text