scholarly journals Factors affecting the choice of a future medical specialty of the junior doctors in a third world country

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Tameez-ud-din ◽  
Ifrah Javed Malik ◽  
Asim Tameez Ud Din ◽  
Farooq Mohyud Din
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Future ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Background and Objective Pakistan is facing a major brain drain and as long as there is not a better understanding of the needs and desires of the junior doctors this exodus towards the greener pastures shall continue. This study is an effort to recognize the factors which influence the choice of a future specialty of young Pakistani doctors in order to help identify the areas which need improvement. Study design This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 12th May 2021 to 2nd August 2021. Young doctors who had completed their one-year internship in hospitals of Punjab were invited to fill the questionnaire via social media platforms. Data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Chi-square tests were applied for qualitative variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 105 participants 60 (57.1%) were females. More females as compared to males decided the future specialty based on work-life balance (20/27 p= 0.039). Internal medicine and general surgery were the most sought-after fields both before and after the internship. Forty-three (41%) participants wished to change their choice of specialty after their house job experiences. Fifty-eight (55.2%) participants considered the future prospects of the field while deciding their specialty while sixty-three (60%) reported the attitude of the senior doctors as an important deciding factor. The Covid-19 pandemic had an effect on 12 (11.4%) participants' decision regarding their choice of future specialty. Conclusion Many elements such as internship play a pivotal role in helping young doctors to narrow their choices. It is important to understand the factors considered by young doctors during their choice of a medical specialty to ensure that a significant proportion of the medical workforce does not slip through the cracks in our health infrastructure.

scholarly journals Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

scholarly journals Detecting chronic kidney disease in diabetic adults by estimating glomerular filtration rate and Serum Creatinine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kh. Mohammed Almaawi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Objective: To assess CKD prevalence and risk factors including socio-demography among diabetics by estimating GFR rather than serum creatinine (sCr). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dec. 15 2019 through Aug. 15 2020, among 800 diabetics attending tertiary diabetes centers, Baghdad. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis by (mean, standard deviation and T-test) for quantitative variables and (frequency, percentage, Chi-square test and Kappa index) for qualitative variables. P-Value less than 0.05 was considered significant.  Results: 800 diabetics for last 5-40 years, 95.6% with type2. Aged 52.1±13.2 years, with male: female ratio 1.03:1, 63.6% were with no income, sCr level was 0.86±0.3 mg/dl, and eGFR by Cockcroft Gault (CG) and CKD-EPI equations was 100.4±36.5 & 92.2±25.5 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively. CKD prevalence based on sCr, and eGFR assessed by above equations was 13.3%, 20% and 15.9% respectively (p<0.001). Those with CKD were hypertensive, females, and living in peripheries. Conclusions: Diabetic patients, mainly those with risk factors are more likely to develop CKD. It is better to detect CKD intially by estimating the GFR, rather than serum creatinine level alone. Furthermore, using CKD-EPI equation might be better than the CG formula to estimate the GFR.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Adolescent Behavior towards HIV/AIDS Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum ◽  
Ratyas Ekartika Puspita Candra Nugrahawati ◽  
Munica Rita Hernayanti ◽  
Anne Vajee
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Hiv Aids

In 2016 Special Region of Yogyakarta was ranked 9th as the province with the highest number of people suffered from HIV/AIDS especially at Sleman regency. Globally, AIDS was the second leading cause of adolescents’s death aged of 10-19 years. The purpose of this study was to find out factors affecting the behaviour of the adolescents towards HIV/AIDS prevention. This research using with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique which used was stratified random sampling resulted in 59 respondents from 11th grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Sleman were selected as sample. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression. The result showed that most respondents 66,1% had sufficient knowledge. Students who showed supportive attitude was 54,2%. Information obtained were mostly from electronic media. Thirty one students (52,5%) showed a positive behaviour toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Chi-Square test’s result showed that factors significantly related to adolescent’s behaviour toward HIV/AIDS prevention were knowledge and attitude. Variables most affecting was attitude (p-value=0,008; PR=4,4; 95% CI=1,4-13,1).

scholarly journals INCIDENCE AND FACTORS FOR MATERNAL SATISFACTION AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1717-22
Author(s):  
Mobeen Ikram ◽  
Saira Mahboob ◽  
Sadia Zaineb
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patient Dissatisfaction

Objective: To evaluate the factors for perioperative patient satisfaction in parturient undergoing lower section cesarean section, with a view assess anesthesia quality. Study design: cross sectional, analytical study Place and Duration of study: Department of Anesthesiology and Gynecology & Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Okara Cantt for 04 months from January to April 2019. Material and method: A total of 400 parturient undergoing cesarean section were included in our study. The patients were given a questionnaire to fill on discharge. Our outcomes were frequency of patient satisfaction and various factors affecting it. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze data. Mean ± SD was described for quantitative variables and frequency (percentage) for qualitative variables. T-test and chi square used to analyze significance. p-value ≤0.05 taken as significant. Results: A total of 400 questionnaires were assessed in final analysis. The overall patient satisfaction was 382 (95.5%) with 4 (1%) showing dissatisfaction; whereas 14 (3.5%) didn’t answer this question. 395 (98.8%) underwent LSCS under spinal anesthesia. There wasno difference in patient satisfaction in regards to intra-operative concern alleviation, discomfort, previous number of LSCS, parturient age, choice of anesthesia; p value > 0.05. There was higher dissatisfaction in patients who experienced post-operative complaints, most notably pain; p=0.000. Patient satisfaction was higher in mothers who experienced joy on hearing their newborns cries; p=0.000 Conclusion: The overall patient satisfaction in our study was high and only few factors causing patient dissatisfaction which included postoperative complaints most notably pain.

scholarly journals The Association Between Neuroticism and Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodeh Nosratabadi ◽  
Atefeh Ahmadi ◽  
Masumeh Ghazanfarpour ◽  
Abolfazl Hosseinnataj ◽  
Fahimeh Khorasani
Keyword(s):  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Daily Record ◽  
Mental Symptoms

Abstract Background and objectives: Premenstrual syndrome includes physical and mental symptoms occurring cyclically during the secretory phase. The present study aimed to specify the association between neuroticism and the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 223 students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2019 November 17. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to analyze the relationship between qualitative variables; stepwise logistic regression was employed to assess the factors affecting the syndrome symptoms, and Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the scores of the Daily Record of Severity of Problems chart in two groups. Findings: 223 female students completed the first stage information. The mean score of the questionnaire was 151.72±100.11. Moreover, 77.6% of the students had the syndrome. The severity of symptoms was mild, moderate, severe, and highly severe in 53.6, 42, 3.6, and 0.7%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between premenstrual syndrome and neuroticism scores. Students with PMS had higher scores in all of the subscales (neuroticism including anxiety, stress, despair,..) (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that there is a relationship between neuroticism (anxiety, stress, despair) and the severity of PMS symptoms. Therefore, it is recommended that therapists and counselors consider these factors to treat and mitigate the severity of PMS symptoms.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Tubal Ligation Contraception Method among Women of Childbearing-Age in Karangayu, Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Priharyanti Wulandari ◽  
Dwi Nur Aini ◽  
Vivy Setyani Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br />Tubal ligation is a very effective contraception method, but only a few women interested to do it. There are several factors influencing tubal ligation choice including husband’s support, motivation, information access, and service quality. The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that influence the low interest on using tubal ligation contraception method. This was a cross sectional study with purposive sampling technique (n=56). The results showed there were relationship between the low interest of tubal ligation contraception method with husband’s support (p value 0,003), motivation (p value 0.001), information access (p value 0.001), and service quality (p value 0,003). It can be concluded that the investigated factors have a significant relationship with the low interest of tubal ligation contraception method. In order to succeed the family planning program, women are expected to understand tubal ligation contraception.</p><p><em><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></em><br /><em>Metode kontrasepsi tubektomi sangat efektif, namun sekarang tubektomi termasuk kontrasepsi yang memiliki peminat terendah. Hal itu di pengaruhi beberapa faktor yaitu dukungan suami, motivasi, akses informasi, dan kualitas pelayanan. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan terhadap 11 responden, 9 orang mengatakan kurang berminat melakukan tubektomi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya minat kontrasepsi tubektomi. Rancangan penelitian ini mengunakan cross sectional dengan teknik sampling purposif, sampel sebesar 56 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistik Person Chi Square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara rendahnya minat kontrasepsi tubektomi dengan dukungan suami (p value 0,003), motivasi (p value 0,001), akses informasi (p value 0,001), kualitas pelayanan (p value 0,003). Faktor-faktor yang telah di teliti memiliki hubungan yang sangat erat dengan rendahnya minat kontrasepsi tubektomi. Di harapkan wanita usia subur dapat memahami tentang kontrasepsi tubektomi supaya tujuan keluarga berencana dapat terlaksana.</em></p>

scholarly journals Determinant Factors Affecting Intention of Child Marriage to Adolescents in Banggai Laut

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Nur Indri Wahyuni ◽  
Apik Indarty Moedjiono ◽  
Muhammad Tamar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Behavior

This study aims to look at the determinant factors that affect the intense / intention to do child marriage to adolescents in Banggai Laut. This research method using a cross sectional study. The research sample consisted of 192 teenage students in SMA Negeri 1 Banggai and SMA Negeri 2 Banggai. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was an effect of attitude, family drive and behavior control on the intention to do child marriage (p <0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there was only one variable that had a p value <0.05, namely the family drive variable with p = 0.029. From exp (B) = 4,871> 1 is a risk factor and the Cl value is 95% more than 1 (1,178-20,142) so that OR is significant. This means that respondents who are influenced by family encouragement have a risk of 4,871 times having the intention of engaging in child marriage. It can be concluded that there are many factors that can influence adolescents in engaging in child marriage. All levels of society should protect children together and stop the practice of child marriage in society. The smallest and closest family unit for the child should be able to protect it, not be the main factor that encourages underage marriage.

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia in Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patients With or Without Micro Albuminuria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Naimatullah Khan ◽  
Javed Iqbal Khan ◽  
Tariq Mehmood ◽  
Aqeel Peter
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To assess the dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed diabetic patients and compare it with or without micro albuminuria. Study Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study at Department of Medicine, Military Hospital Rawalpindi from 01 March 2015 to 31 August 2015. Methodology: A total of 150 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included after taking informed consent and approval from hospital ethical committee. Blood sample was obtained from each patient and samples were sent to hospital laboratory and reports were assessed by pathologist. Presence or absence of microalbuminuria, trigiyceridemia (200-499 mg/dl), raised LDL-C (>160 mg/dl) and decreased HDL-C (<40 mg/dl) were noted by researcher himself on a pre-designed performa. The collected data was analyzed statistically by using SPSS version 12.Quantitative variables like age, TG, LDL HDL levels were presented in form of mean ± S.D. Qualitative variables like gender, diabetes mellitus, micro albuminuria and dyslipidemia were presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was applied to find association between dyslipidemia and micro albuminuria. P value = 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 47.97±7.08 years. Out of 150 patients 60% were male and 40% were female. Dyslipidemia was found in 42% patients. Highly significant association was found between dyslipidemia and micro albuminuria, i.e. (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The frequency of dyslipidemia among newly diagnosed diabetic patients with micro albuminuria was significantly higher than in subjects without micro albuminuria

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Entia Nopa ◽  
Ranissa Dwi Imansari ◽  
Irwandi Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi 1Entianopa, 2Ranissa Dwi Imansari, 3Irwandi Rachman       123Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat STIKES Harapan Ibu, Jambi   Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kulit merupakan organ terbesar pada tubuh manusia yang membungkus otot-otot dan organ-organ dalam serta merupakan jalinan jaringan pembuluh darah, saraf, dan kelenjar yang tidak berujung, semuanya memiliki potensi untuk terserang penyakit yang salah satunya adalah penyakit kulit. Penyakit kulit merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh pekerja pengangkut sampah. Berdasarkan komposisi sampah yang diangkut serta waktu paparan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja, pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah di Kota Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 62 pekerja pengangkut sampah yang berada di Kantor Pekerjaan Umum dan Penata Ruang, yang mana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter dan dengan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Hasil menunjukan bahwa pekerja yang mengalami penyakit kulit sebanyak 35 pekerja (56,5%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis chi-square didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara masa kerja dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah dimana nilai (p-value= 0,006), Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) nilai (p-value= 0,008), personal hygiene nilai (p-value= 0,008). Kesimpulan: Untuk meminimalisir risiko terjadinya penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah disarankan perlunya disusun standar operasional prosedur yang aman, penyediaan sarana sanitasi agar dapat mengurangi resiko terkena penyakit kulit. Pentingnya pemakaian APD dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat selama bekerja, serta diharapkan pekerja menggunakan APD pada saat bekerja dan lebih memperhatikan personal hygiene.   Kata kunci      : Masa Kerja, APD, Personal Hygiene

assessing knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia:cross sectional study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Banda
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Mining Areas

BACKGROUND Occupational conditions are deadly health hazards especially where dust exposure is inevitable causing chronic disabilities, impaired respiratory function and ultimately leading to death if no intensive measures are put in place. Unhealthy practices and negative attitudes rise in the number of cases of pneumoconiosis due to poor health education and awareness strategies. Pneumoconiosis is not only a health problem but also a social and economic burden on the livelihood of people living in mining areas around the globe. OBJECTIVE to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was employed to conduct a research in Wusakile Township and a questionnaire was customized in order to syphon data relevant to the study as well to be brief. The study was conducted among 73 participants who were randomly selected among miners and post-occupational miners and all satisfied the inclusion criteria. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. The data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 23. RESULTS Among 73 participants interviewed, 33.99% of participants had poor knowledge on the complications of pneumoconiosis. However, despite this poor knowledge, all participants had an idea about pneumoconiosis particularly silicosis. 13.70% of the respondents had bad practices towards pneumoconiosis while 86.30% had some good practices towards pneumoconiosis. Of the total participants, 19.18% of the participants had a negative attitude towards pneumoconiosis. Correlation between the level of education and practices of participants using Pearson Chi-Square, a p value of 0.021 (significant) was found ruling out the null hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS Information about pneumoconiosis and awareness programs towards pneumoconiosis are not widely disseminated among miners and post-occupational miners. There is still a significant number of participants who need to be educated more about pneumoconiosis and its complications so that attitude and practices are improved and also promote full community participation by involving competent health professionals to help in implementing preventive measures.

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