scholarly journals Quantifying the Invasive Secondary Metabolome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila Rowland-Chandler ◽  
Ewan Salter ◽  
Suresh Babu ◽  
Gitanjali Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Family Level

AbstractInvasive plants drive ecosystem degradation through developing aggressive phenotypes that can outcompete native flora. Several hypotheses explain this, like the Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability hypothesis and the Novel Weapons Hypothesis, but none have been proven conclusively. Changes in plant metabolites are critical to these hypotheses, but complete invasive secondary metabolomes have not been quantified. Here, statistical and unsupervised machine-learning approaches were used to analyse chemotype-to-phenotype relationships in invasive and non-invasive populations in species Ageratum conyzoides, Lantana camara, Melaleuca quinquenervia and Psidium cattleainum and on a family level analysing Asteraceae, Myrtaceae and Verbenaceae. Invasive metabolomes evolved according to the EICA and NWH, involving optimisation of aggressive strategies present in native populations and local adaptation.Abstract Figure

Non-Invasive Methods of Delamination Monitoring in Multi-Layer Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Iwaniec ◽  
Marek Iwaniec
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Adhesive Force ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Delamination Detection ◽  
Layer Structures

In the paper there are discussed the most interesting methods dedicated to frescos structural health monitoring. In the further part two methods and devices for fresco delamination detection developed by authors are presented. In order to enable future automation of developed measurement techniques and autonomic detection of fresco structural defects, the novel measures quantifying the probability of critical condition appearance (the lack of adhesive force) were introduced. Finally, the results of measurements of dynamic characteristics of healthy and delaminated structures are presented.

scholarly journals Behavioral and Physiological Differences between Working Horses and Chilean Rodeo Horses in a Handling Test

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rosselot ◽  
Tiago Mendonça ◽  
Igor González ◽  
Tamara Tadich
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Monitor System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lower Variability ◽  
Variability Data ◽  
Selection Of

Non-invasive measures are preferred when assessing animal welfare. Differences in behavioral and physiological responses toward a stressor could be the result of the selection of horses for specific uses. Behavioral and physiological responses of working and Chilean rodeo horses subjected to a handling test were assessed. Five behaviors, number of attempts, and the time to cross a bridge were video recorded and analyzed with the Observer XT software. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), to assess the physiological response to the novel stimulus, were registered with a Polar Equine V800 heart rate monitor system during rest and the bridge test. Heart rate variability data were obtained with the Kubios software. Differences between working and Chilean rodeo horses were assessed, and within-group differences between rest and the test were also analyzed. Chilean rodeo horses presented more proactive behaviors and required significantly more attempts to cross the bridge than working horses. Physiologically, Chilean rodeo horses presented lower variability of the heart rate than working horses.

scholarly journals Large potassium shifts during dialysis enhance cardiac repolarization instability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Schüttler ◽  
Ulf Schönermarck ◽  
Felix Wenner ◽  
Marcell Toepfer ◽  
Konstantinos D. Rizas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous Activity ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Present Pilot Study ◽  
Malignant Arrhythmias

Abstract Background Patients with end-stage kidney disease are at high risk for the development of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). This has been especially attributed to large potassium shifts during hemodialysis (HD), and malignant arrhythmias are closely linked to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of methods for risk stratification in these patients. Methods In the present pilot study we investigated changes of the novel ECG-based biomarker periodic repolarization dynamics (PRD) mirroring the effect of efferent sympathetic nervous activity on the ventricular myocardium in 18 patients undergoing routine hemodialysis. High-resolution ECGs were recorded throughout the dialysis and PRD values were calculated out of 30 min intervals at the start and the end of dialysis. Results We detected a clear correlation between the intradialytic potassium shift and the increase in PRD levels (Spearman correlation coefficient R = 0.62, p = 0.006). Patients with a potassium shift > 1 mmol/l showed significantly increased levels of PRD at the end of dialysis when compared to patients with potassium shifts ≤ 1.0 mmol/l [delta PRD 2.82 (IQR 2.13) vs. − 2.08 (IQR 3.60), p = 0.006]. Spearman analysis showed no significant correlation between PRD changes and fluid removal (R = − 0.23, p = 0.36). Conclusions We provide evidence that large potassium shifts during HD enhance sympathetic activity-associated repolarization instability. This could facilitate the occurrence of malignant arrhythmias, and PRD measurements might serve as a non-invasive monitoring tool in HD patients in future.

scholarly journals Respiration rates of individual bovine in vitro-produced embryos measured with a novel, non-invasive and highly sensitive microsensor system

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Lopes ◽  
L H Larsen ◽  
N Ramsing ◽  
P Løvendahl ◽  
M Räty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Embryo Morphology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Oxygen consumption is a useful parameter for evaluating embryo quality, since it provides a valuable indication of overall metabolic activity. Over the years, several approaches have been used to measure the respiration rates of individual embryos, but a convincing method has not yet been reported. In this study, we introduce and have validated a novel high resolution microsensor technology to determine the respiration rates of individual embryos at different developmental stages. We have employed this technology to investigate the correlation between respiration rate and embryo morphology, diameter and sex. Following morphological evaluation, individual respiration rates of day 3 (n = 18) and day 7 (n = 60) bovine in vitro-produced embryos were determined. Of the measured embryos, 64 were lysed for sex diagnosis by PCR. Average respiration rates of day 7 embryos (1.30 ± 0.064 nl/h) were 3.4-fold higher than day 3 embryos (0.38 ± 0.011 nl/h). On day 7, the average respiration rate of quality 1 blastocysts was significantly higher than the respiration rates of the lower qualities. For both day 3 and day 7 embryos, respiration rates were directly influenced by embryo diameter but did not differ between sexes. These results have demonstrated that the novel microsensor technology can be used to accurately and rapidly (8 min) measure the respiration rates of individual embryos at different developmental stages. Respiration rates were only in partial agreement with embryo morphology, suggesting a slight discrepancy between these two methods in assessing embryo quality. It is likely that a combined assessment of embryo respiration and morphology would improve embryo classification and subsequent selection.

Development of a Lab-on-a-Chip for the Characterization of Human Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ertl ◽  
Lukas Richter ◽  
Andy Mak ◽  
Christoph Stepper ◽  
Michael Kast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Glass Wafer ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cellular Phenotype ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cell Chip ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Electrode Characteristics

AbstractMicrofabricated biochips are developed to continuously monitor cellular phenotype dynamics in a non-invasive manner. In the presented work we describe the novel combination of contact-less micro-dielectric sensors and microfluidics for quantitative cell analysis. The cell chip consists of a polymeric fluidic (PDMS) system bonded to a glass wafer containing the electrodes while temperature and fluid flow are controlled by external heating and pumping stations. Additionally, the cell chip contains an integrated reference arm providing a low-noise detection environment by eliminating background signals and interferences. The high-density interdigitated capacitors (µIDC) are designed to monitor living cells in a space of approximately 10 nL volume by controlling critical electrode characteristics, such as size, shape and passivation composition as well as thickness. The integrated µIDCs are isolated by a 300 nm multi-passivation layer of defined dielectric property and provide non-invasive, stable, robust and non-drifting measurement conditions. The performance of this detector is evaluated using various bacterial, yeast and mammalian cells.

The Novel Non-Invasive Measurement to Predict Arterial Underfilling in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. S180
Author(s):  
Nanao Matsusaki ◽  
Taiki Sakaguchi ◽  
Akio Hirata ◽  
Kazunori Kashiwase ◽  
Yoshiharu Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Measurement

scholarly journals Evaluating macrophyte selection and germination protocols to enhance nutrient sequestration in engineered wetland models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mary Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Biological Impact ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Engineered Wetland ◽  
Nutrient Sequestration

Research examining contaminant sequestration using engineered wetlands has been conducted for many years but the implementation of sustainable, biodiverse strategies is still in its infancy. A major gap in knowledge still exists regarding the kinds of macrophytes to be selected, especially the inclusion of non-invasive native flora. There is a lack of information about macrophyte selection criteria and germination protocols. Thus, this study attempted to redress this dearth in knowledge. The first part of this thesis critically assessed a list of macrophytes provided by Environment Canada (1996) and created “selection criteria” for choosing specific macrophytes. Germination protocols were then compiled to determine and outline optimized germination protocols for these aquatic macrophytes. In the second part of this study, two different constructed wetlands models were designed for laboratory purposes (a “floating” constructed wetland model and a “stationary” constructed wetland model). Water samples were assed for biological impact and phosphorus concentration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document