scholarly journals Cancer metabolic subtypes and their association with molecular and clinical features

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Moiso ◽  
Paolo Provero
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Molecular Features

Alteration of metabolic pathways in cancer has been investigated for many years, beginning way before the discovery of the role of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, and the last few years have witnessed a renewed interest in this topic. Large-scale molecular and clinical data on tens of thousands of samples allow us today to tackle the problem from a general point of view. Here we show that trancriptomic profiles of tumors can be exploited to define metabolic cancer subtypes, that can be systematically investigated for association with other molecular and clinical data. We find thousands of significant associations between metabolic subtypes and molecular features such as somatic mutations, structural variants, epigenetic modifications, protein abundance and activation; and with clinical/phenotypic data including survival probability, tumor grade, and histological types. Our work provides a methodological framework and a rich database of statistical associations, accessible from https://metaminer.unito.it, that will contribute to the understanding of the role of metabolic alterations in cancer and to the development of precision therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals El papel de la educación en la filosofía moral de David Hume / The role of education in Hume's moral philosophy

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (30) ◽  
pp. 17-37
Author(s):  
Santiago Álvarez García
Keyword(s):  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point

El presente artículo muestra cómo la crítica humeana a los fundamentos del racionalismo moral y a sus consecuencias en el terreno de las ideas educativas propició un cambio significativo en la comprensión de los objetivos de la educación moral que pasaron de buscar el perfeccionamiento de la agencia, a perseguir la perfección y el refinamiento de las capacidades del individuo como espectador y evaluador moral imparcial. Esta trasformación de la finalidad y del currículo de la educación moral será la solución que Hume ofrezca a los problemas de parcialidad derivados de la historicidad y la caducidad del general point of view como criterio último para el juicio moral. La exposición constante del educando a todas las formas históricas de la belleza, junto con la poesía, la literatura, el estudio de la historia y la filosofía, constituirán para Hume la base de esta revolución pedagógica.

The Role of Social Media in Event Marketing

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-281
Author(s):  
Serap Serin Karacaer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Marketing ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Event Marketing ◽  
Effective Current ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Effective Transfer

Activities, which include events that are not all intangible, include large-scale service components, and hence, their marketing includes service marketing. From this point of view, it is possible to state that it is very difficult to market activities that the participants cannot take home and consume physically. In this context, it is very important that the event marketing activities convey the feeling to the target audience that they will have fun and be entertained. Therefore, social media is one of the most important tools used in the effective transfer of the organization to the target audience within the scope of event marketing activities. As the most effective current communication and interaction tool, social media has become the most important tool for event marketers who are trying to appeal to large audiences and promote a certain destination, product, or service.

Large-Scale Analysis of Genetic and Clinical Patient Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylyn D. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Clinical Patient

Biomedical data science has experienced an explosion of new data over the past decade. Abundant genetic and genomic data are increasingly available in large, diverse data sets due to the maturation of modern molecular technologies. Along with these molecular data, dense, rich phenotypic data are also available on comprehensive clinical data sets from health care provider organizations, clinical trials, population health registries, and epidemiologic studies. The methods and approaches for interrogating these large genetic/genomic and clinical data sets continue to evolve rapidly, as our understanding of the questions and challenges continue to emerge. In this review, the state-of-the-art methodologies for genetic/genomic analysis along with complex phenomics will be discussed. This field is changing and adapting to the novel data types made available, as well as technological advances in computation and machine learning. Thus, I will also discuss the future challenges in this exciting and innovative space. The promises of precision medicine rely heavily on the ability to marry complex genetic/genomic data with clinical phenotypes in meaningful ways.

scholarly journals Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote and John Barth’s The Sot-Weed Factor: A Deconstructive Reading

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Javier Martín-Párraga
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
John Barth ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
History Of

Abstract Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote is one of the earliest and most influential novels in the history of Western literature. John Barth’s The Sot-Weed Factor, published almost three centuries later, can be considered as one of the most seminal postmodern novels ever written in the English language. The goal of this paper is to examine Cervantes’s influence on John Barth in particular and in American postmodernism from a more general point of view. For the Spanish genius’ footsteps on American postmodernism, a deconstructive reading will be employed. Consequently, concepts such as deconstruction of binary opposites, the role of the subaltern or how the distinction between history and story are paramount to both Cervantes and Barth will be used.

Strokes of Luck

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Lang
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Moral Luck ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Luck Egalitarianism ◽  
Justice As Fairness ◽  
Moral Point ◽  
Luck Egalitarian

Strokes of Luck offers a large-scale treatment of the role of luck in our judgements about blameworthiness and responsibility, in moral philosophy, and in principles of distributive justice, in political philosophy. It takes an ‘anti-anti-luckist’ stance on these matters, and is opposed to the influential ‘anti-luckist’ views which hold that judgements of blameworthiness, or distributive relations, should be adjusted to annul or neutralize differential luck. It provides a new reading of Bernard Williams’s famous essay ‘Moral Luck’ which emphasizes the dissimilarity of Williams’s aims from the aims of Thomas Nagel and his intellectual descendants. It contends that luck egalitarianism is a structurally flawed programme, and it argues for a revised understanding of John Rawls’s justice as fairness that interprets Rawls’s hostility to factors that are ‘arbitrary from a moral point of view’ in a novel way stationed more closely to his contractarian apparatus, and less closely to luck egalitarian concerns.

scholarly journals Computationally Repurposing Drugs for Breast Cancer Subtypes Using a Network-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forough Firoozbakht ◽  
Iman Rezaeian ◽  
Luis Rueda ◽  
Alioune Ngom
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Breast Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Experimental Drugs

Abstract 'De novo' drug discovery is costly, slow, and with high risk. Repurposing known drugs for treatment of other diseases offers a fast, low-cost/risk and highly-efficient method toward development of efficacious treatments. The emergence of large-scale heterogeneous biomolecular networks, molecular, chemical and bioactivity data, and genomic and phenotypic data of pharmacological compounds is enabling the development of new area of drug repurposing called 'in silico' drug repurposing, i.e., computational drug repurposing (CDR). The aim of CDR is to discover new indications for an existing drug (drug-centric) or to identify effective drugs for a disease (disease-centric). Both drug-centric and disease-centric approaches have the common challenge of either assessing the similarity or connections between drugs and diseases. However, traditional CDR is fraught with many challenges due to the underlying complex pharmacology and biology of diseases, genes, and drugs, as well as the complexity of their associations. As such, capturing highly non-linear associations among drugs, genes, diseases by most existing CDR methods has been challenging.We propose a network-based integration approach that can best capture knowledge (and complex relationships) contained within and between drugs, genes and disease data. A network-based machine learning approach is applied thereafter by using the extracted knowledge and relationships in order to identify single and pair of approved or experimental drugs with potential therapeutic effects on different breast cancer subtypes.

scholarly journals Semalytics: a semantic analytics platform for the exploration of distributed and heterogeneous cancer data in translational research

Database ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mignone ◽  
Alberto Grand ◽  
Alessandro Fiori ◽  
Enzo Medico ◽  
Andrea Bertotti
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Data Framework

Abstract Each cancer is a complex system with unique molecular features determining its dynamics, such as its prognosis and response to therapies. Understanding the role of these biological traits is fundamental in order to personalize cancer clinical care according to the characteristics of each patient’s disease. To achieve this, translational researchers propagate patients’ samples through in vivo and in vitro cultures to test different therapies on the same tumor and to compare their outcomes with the molecular profile of the disease. This in turn generates information that can be subsequently translated into the development of predictive biomarkers for clinical use. These large-scale experiments generate huge collections of hierarchical data (i.e. experimental trees) with relative annotations that are extremely difficult to analyze. To address such issues in data analyses, we came up with the Semalytics data framework, the core of an analytical platform that processes experimental information through Semantic Web technologies. Semalytics allows (i) the efficient exploration of experimental trees with irregular structures together with their annotations. Moreover, (ii) the platform links its data to a wider open knowledge base (i.e. Wikidata) to add an extended knowledge layer without the need to manage and curate those data locally. Altogether, Semalytics provides augmented perspectives on experimental data, allowing the generation of new hypotheses, which were not anticipated by the user a priori. In this work, we present the data core we created for Semalytics, focusing on its semantic nucleus and on how it exploits semantic reasoning and data integration to tackle issues of this kind of analyses. Finally, we describe a proof-of-concept study based on the examination of several dozen cases of metastatic colorectal cancer in order to illustrate how Semalytics can help researchers generate hypotheses about the role of genes alterations in causing resistance or sensitivity of cancer cells to specific drugs.

The Study of Grain Boundaries in Ag-Sheathed Bscco Tapes by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 796-797
Author(s):  
K. Kishida ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
N.D. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Commercial Applications

Highly textured (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10(Bi-2223)/Ag composite tapes have received considerable attention as high-Tc superconducting materials for electric power and high-magnetic-field applications because of their relatively high-critical current densities and their flexibility. In order to improve the performance of these tapes for many commercial applications, it is essential that the mechanisms that limit the critical current density are fully understood. Previous microscopical studies of these tapes have revealed that interfaces such as grain boundaries strongly influence the transport of large currents1. From a morphological point of view, several models have been proposed to describe potential current transport mechanisms. However, as these models consider mainly the large-scale configuration of the boundaries, the underlying mechanism controlling the properties is still unclear. In order to elucidate the exact role of grain boundaries, systematical studies on the effect of the atomic structure as well as any chemistry change that occurs at the interface are required.

scholarly journals Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes reveals driver rearrangements promoted by LINE-1 retrotransposition in human tumours

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Rodriguez-Martin ◽  
Eva G. Alvarez ◽  
Adrian Baez-Ortega ◽  
Jorge Zamora ◽  
Fran Supek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Genes ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Cancer Genomes ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pan Cancer

AbstractAbout half of all cancers have somatic integrations of retrotransposons. To characterize their role in oncogenesis, we analyzed the patterns and mechanisms of somatic retrotransposition in 2,954 cancer genomes from 37 histological cancer subtypes. We identified 19,166 somatically acquired retrotransposition events, affecting 35% of samples, and spanning a range of event types. L1 insertions emerged as the first most frequent type of somatic structural variation in esophageal adenocarcinoma, and the second most frequent in head-and-neck and colorectal cancers. Aberrant L1 integrations can delete megabase-scale regions of a chromosome, sometimes removing tumour suppressor genes, as well as inducing complex translocations and large-scale duplications. Somatic retrotranspositions can also initiate breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, leading to high-level amplification of oncogenes. These observations illuminate a relevant role of L1 retrotransposition in remodeling the cancer genome, with potential implications in the development of human tumours.

scholarly journals Τhe strategic role of Life Cycle Assessment in the problem of material criticality and in development of Chromium-free substitute for stainless steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Vasiliki I. Stergiou ◽  
Athanasios K. Morozinis ◽  
Constantinos A. Charitidis
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Technological Developments

Sustainable and on-going technological developments in the field of materials require the establishment of methods and tools for assessing, comparing environmental impacts and providing solutions to the problem of “resource criticality” by identifying a policy of an economic and ecological plan. Therefore, there is a clear need for prevention and provision of additional knowledge beyond the defined protocols to achieve the reduction of impacts. For this reason, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been developed as a scientific technique that systematically assesses and evaluates the environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product's life. In this work, LCA was applied in a part of a highly innovative process of production of advanced Iron-Aluminum (Fe-Al) based intermetallics. LCA role is particularly crucial, since the produced intermetallics are bound to substitute stainless steel, in specific applications, providing solution in the problem of Cr and Ni; as a result, the environmental burdens and impacts, as well as application of alternative solutions to minimize them, will decide if such an innovative, from the technical point of view, approach is also applicable/sustainable in large scale.

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