scholarly journals Scars of hope and forewarn of a bleak future: Post-mortem findings of dugongs (Dugong dugon) belonging to a relict population in the Gulf of Kachchh, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameeha V Pathan ◽  
Anant Pande ◽  
J.A Johnson ◽  
Sivakumar Kuppusamy
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Gulf Of Kachchh ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Relict Population ◽  
Post Mortem Findings

A relict dugong population resides in the Gulf of Kachchh in Gujarat state of India. Very little is known on this population stemming from a lack of focused studies and inadequate examinations of previous strandings. In this study, crucial ecological information is gathered through a systematic necropsy on stranded dugongs in the gulf. As indicated through dorsal tusk-rake scars on both the carcasses, this study presents the first records of derivative physical evidence to the presence of a socially interacting population. Progressive healing and differences in the width of the scars indicated more than two individuals had participated in a sexual agnostic or courtship event. Conversely, our findings report that both the animals suffered relative effects of asphyxiation after fishing net entanglement. An implication of a prior pathological condition(s) in the form of dermal cysts, swollen mesenteric lymph nodes, and endoparasites are also reported. Stomach content was examined for a qualitative dietary characterization. Other potential threats along with fishing net microfilaments found in the stomach contents of both dugongs are discussed in brief.

Yersiniosis in a breeding unit of Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkeys)

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A. MacArthur ◽  
Margery Wood
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Enteric Disease ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
Better Than

2 outbreaks of acute fatal enteric disease involving 20 animals in a breeding unit of approximately 200 cynomolgus monkeys were diagnosed as yersiniosis; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 50% of the clinically affected animals. Post-mortem findings included enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes with some enterocolitis and necrotic foci in liver and spleen. Approximately 7% of clinically healthy monkeys were found to be excreting Y. pseudotuberculosis and a further 5% Y. enterocolitica. Rectal swabs, though less convenient, were better than faecal samples for the detection of Yersinia spp. in 'healthy' monkeys. Efficiency of the cold saline technique and direct plating for isolating Yersinia spp. were compared. It is thought likely that the infection was introduced into the unit by asymptomatic infected monkeys.

In situ demonstration of migration of dendritic cells released from rat small intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A183-A183
Author(s):  
H KOBAYASHI ◽  
H NAGATA ◽  
S MIURA ◽  
T AZUMA ◽  
H SUZUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Combination-Feeding Causes Differences in Aspects of Systemic and Mucosal Immune Cell Phenotypes and Functions Compared to Exclusive Sow-Rearing or Formula-Feeding in Piglets

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Emily C. Radlowski ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Marcia H. Monaco ◽  
Sarah S. Comstock ◽  
Sharon M. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Arginase Activity ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Activation Pathways ◽  
Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Combination feeding (human milk and formula) is common and influences immune development compared to exclusive breastfeeding. Infant formulas contain prebiotics, which influence immune development. Herein, immune development of combination-fed (CF), sow-reared (SR) and formula-fed (FF) piglets, and the effect of prebiotics was tested. Piglets (n = 47) were randomized to: SR, FF, CF, FF+prebiotic (FP), and CF+prebiotic (CP). FP and CP received formula with galactooligosaccharides and inulin (4 g/L in a 4:1 ratio). CF and CP piglets were sow-reared for until d5 and then rotated between a sow and formula every 12 h. On day 21, piglets received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide 2 h prior to necropsy. Immune cells from blood, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and spleen were phenotyped. Classical (nitric oxide synthase) and alternative (arginase activity) activation pathways were measured in isolated macrophages. Serum IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. SR piglets had lower (p < 0.0001) CD4+ T-helper cells and higher (p < 0.0001) B-cells in PBMC than all other groups. CP piglets had higher (p < 0.0001) arginase activity compared to all other groups. FF piglets had higher (p < 0.05) IL-6 compared to both CF and SR, but were similar to FP and CP. Thus, CF, with or without prebiotics, differentially affected immunity compared to exclusively fed groups.

scholarly journals The microbiota is dispensable for the early stages of peripheral regulatory T cell induction within mesenteric lymph nodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Wiechers ◽  
Mangge Zou ◽  
Eric Galvez ◽  
Michael Beckstette ◽  
Maria Ebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Regulatory T Cell ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

AbstractIntestinal Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets are crucial players in tolerance to microbiota-derived and food-borne antigens, and compelling evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota modulates their generation, functional specialization, and maintenance. Selected bacterial species and microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been reported to promote Treg homeostasis in the intestinal lamina propria. Furthermore, gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) are particularly efficient sites for the generation of peripherally induced Tregs (pTregs). Despite this knowledge, the direct role of the microbiota and their metabolites in the early stages of pTreg induction within mLNs is not fully elucidated. Here, using an adoptive transfer-based pTreg induction system, we demonstrate that neither transfer of a dysbiotic microbiota nor dietary SCFA supplementation modulated the pTreg induction capacity of mLNs. Even mice housed under germ-free (GF) conditions displayed equivalent pTreg induction within mLNs. Further molecular characterization of these de novo induced pTregs from mLNs by dissection of their transcriptomes and accessible chromatin regions revealed that the microbiota indeed has a limited impact and does not contribute to the initialization of the Treg-specific epigenetic landscape. Overall, our data suggest that the microbiota is dispensable for the early stages of pTreg induction within mLNs.

Prevalence of Linguatula sp., a food-borne zoonotic aberrant arthropod, in river buffaloes slaughtered at Tabriz slaughterhouse, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Hajipour ◽  
Jennifer Ketzis ◽  
Parviz Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Significant Statistical Association ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Canids and herbivores are the definitive and intermediate hosts of Linguatula sp., respectively. Methods Mesenteric lymph nodes (n=32 525) were randomly collected from 7585 buffaloes from July 2016 to July 2019 and examined macroscopically. Results Results showed that 388 (5.11%) buffaloes were infected. The intensity of infection was determined to be 3.07±0.07. Significant statistical association was identified between infection rate and age and sex. Although there were no significant differences in the infection rate over different seasons, the highest infection rate was observed in autumn. Conclusions These data highlight the importance of inspection at slaughter.

Pericolic mesenteric lymph nodes: an aid in distinguishing diverticulitis from cancer of the colon.

1997 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
K N Chintapalli ◽  
C C Esola ◽  
S Chopra ◽  
A A Ghiatas ◽  
G D Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph
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