scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease protein biomarkers are associated with kidney function: the Framingham Heart Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amena Keshawarz ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Gha Young Lee ◽  
Zhi Yu ◽  
Chen Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Kidney Impairment ◽  
New Onset

Background. Biomarkers common to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) may reflect early impairments underlying both diseases. Methods. We evaluated associations of 71 CVD-related plasma proteins measured in 2,873 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring cohort participants with cross-sectional continuous eGFR and with longitudinal change in eGFR from baseline to follow-up (ΔeGFR). We also evaluated the associations of the 71 CVD proteins with the following dichotomous secondary outcomes: prevalent CKD stage ≥3(cross-sectional), new-onset CKD stage ≥3 (longitudinal), and rapid decline in eGFR (longitudinal). Proteins significantly associated with eGFR and ΔeGFR were subsequently validated in 3,951 FHS Third Generation cohort participants and were tested using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to infer putatively causal relations between plasma protein biomarkers and kidney function. Results. In cross-sectional analysis, 37 protein biomarkers were significantly associated with eGFR at FDR<0.05 in the FHS Offspring cohort and 20 of these validated in the FHS Third Generation cohort at p<0.05/37. In longitudinal analysis, 27 protein biomarkers were significantly associated with ΔeGFR at FDR<0.05 and 12 of these were validated in the FHS Third Generation cohort at p<0.05/27. Additionally, 35 protein biomarkers were significantly associated with prevalent CKD, five were significantly associated with new-onset CKD, and 17 were significantly associated with rapid decline in eGFR. MR suggested putatively causal relations of melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM; -0.011±0.003 mL/min/1.73m2, p=5.11E-5) and epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1; -0.006±0.002 mL/min/1.73m2, p=0.0001) concentration with eGFR. Discussion/Conclusions: Eight protein biomarkers were consistently associated with eGFR in cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis in both cohorts and may capture early kidney impairment; others were implicated in association and causal inference analyses. A subset of CVD protein biomarkers may contribute causally to the pathogenesis of kidney impairment and should be studied as targets for CKD treatment and early prevention.

scholarly journals Association Between Frailty and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariela R. Orkaby ◽  
Jelena Kornej ◽  
Steven A. Lubitz ◽  
David D. McManus ◽  
Thomas G. Travison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
New Onset

Background Frailty is associated bidirectionally with cardiovascular disease. However, the relations between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) have not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results Using the FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Offspring cohort, we sought to examine both the association between frailty (2005–2008) and incident AF through 2016 and the association between prevalent AF and frailty status (2011–2014). Frailty was defined using the Fried phenotype. Models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for competing risk of death, assessed the association between prevalent frailty and incident AF. Logistic regression models assessed the association between prevalent AF and new‐onset frailty. For the incident AF analysis, we included 2053 participants (56% women; mean age, 69.7±6.9 years). By Fried criteria, 1018 (50%) were robust, 903 (44%) were prefrail, and 132 (6%) were frail. In total, 306 incident cases of AF occurred during an average 9.2 (SD, 3.1) follow‐up years. After adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between prevalent frailty status and incident AF (prefrail versus robust: hazard ratio [HR], 1.22 [95% CI, 0.95–1.55]; frail versus robust: HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.57–1.47]). At follow‐up, there were 111 new cases of frailty. After adjustment, there was no statistically significant association between prevalent AF and new‐onset frailty (odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.17–1.36]). Conclusions Although a bidirectional association between frailty and cardiovascular disease has been suggested, we did not find evidence of an association between frailty and AF. Our findings may be limited by sample size and should be further explored in other populations.

scholarly journals Can we walk away from cardiovascular disease risk or do we have to ‘huff and puff’? A cross-sectional compositional accelerometer data analysis among adults and older adults in the Copenhagen City Heart Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melker Staffan Johansson ◽  
Karen Søgaard ◽  
Eva Prescott ◽  
Jacob Louis Marott ◽  
Peter Schnohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Copenhagen City Heart Study

Abstract Background: It is unclear whether walking can decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk or if high intensity physical activity (HIPA) is needed, and whether the association is modified by age. We investigated how sedentary behaviour, walking, and HIPA, were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) among adults and older adults in a general population sample using compositional data analysis. Specifically, the measure of association was quantified by reallocating time between sedentary behaviour and 1) walking, and 2) HIPA. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the fifth examination of the Copenhagen City Heart Study was used. Using the software Acti4, we estimated daily time spent in physical behaviours from accelerometer data worn 24 h/day for 7 days (i.e., right frontal thigh and iliac crest; median wear time: 6 days, 23.8 h/day). SBP, WC, and LDL-C were measured during a physical examination. Inclusion criteria were ≥5 days with ≥16 h of accelerometer recordings per day, and no use of antihypertensives, diuretics or cholesterol lowering medicine. The 24-hour physical behaviour composition consisted of sedentary behaviour, standing, moving, walking, HIPA (i.e., sum of climbing stairs, running, cycling and rowing), and time in bed. We used fitted values from linear regression models to predict the difference in outcome given the investigated time reallocations relative to the group-specific mean composition. Results: Among 1053 eligible participants, we found an interaction between the physical behaviour composition and age. Age-stratified analyses (i.e., </≥65 years; 773 adults, 280 older adults) indicated that less sedentary behaviour and more walking was associated with lower SBP among older adults only. For less sedentary behaviour and more HIPA, the results i) indicated an association with lower SBP irrespective of age, ii) showed an association with a smaller WC among adults, and iii) showed an association with a lower LDL-C in both age groups. Conclusions: Less sedentary behaviour and more walking seems to be associated with lower CVD risk among older adults, while HIPA types are associated with lower risk among adults. Therefore, to reduce CVD risk, the modifying effect of age should be considered in future physical activity-promoting initiatives.

scholarly journals Flavonoid Intake and MRI Markers of Brain Health in the Framingham Offspring Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1553
Author(s):  
Esra Shishtar ◽  
Gail T Rogers ◽  
Jeffrey B Blumberg ◽  
Rhoda Au ◽  
Charles DeCarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Flavonoid Intake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dietary Flavonoid

ABSTRACT Background Although greater flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD), evidence relating dietary flavonoid intake to brain health based on MRI is lacking. Objective The objective of this study was to explore the association between dietary flavonoid intake and MRI measures of brain health, including total brain tissue volume (TBV), white matter hyperintensities volume (WMHV), and hippocampal volume (HV). Methods Eligible subjects included members of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort who were free of stroke at exam 7 and had at least 1 valid food frequency questionnaire from exams 5, 6, or 7 (n = 2086; mean age at exam 7, 60.6 y). Flavonoid intakes represented the cumulative mean of intakes across the 3 exams and were categorized based on quartiles categories of intake. TBV, WMHV, and HV were assessed at exam 7. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional association between total and the 6 classes of flavonoids and the 3 aforementioned MRI measures. Results The mean (95% CI) of the WMHV of subjects in the highest quartile category of flavan-3-ols [0.56 (0.52, 0.61)] and flavonoid polymers [0.57 (0.52, 0.61)] intake was significantly smaller relative to that of subjects in the lowest quartile category of flavan-3-ols [0.65 (0.60, 0.71)] and flavonoid polymers [0.66 (0.60, 0.71)] after accounting for important demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Inverse trend associations with WMHV were also seen for flavan-3-ols (P = 0.01) and flavonoid polymers (P = 0.01) as well as for total flavonoids (P = 0.01). TBV and HV were not associated with dietary flavonoid intake following the adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions Our results contribute to the literature on flavonoids and ADRD as they suggest that higher flavonoid intakes may affect ADRD risk in middle-aged and older adults by reducing WMHV, a marker strongly associated with ADRD.

scholarly journals The Economic Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110360
Author(s):  
Hai-Yen Nguyen-Thi ◽  
Thanh-Nhan Le-Phuoc ◽  
Nhan Tri Phat ◽  
Dat Truong Van ◽  
Thuy-Trang Le-Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Cost

Our objective is to analyze the economic burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Vietnam, particularly in District 2 Hospital at Ho Chi Minh City in 2019. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data source is the medical records of the patients. Encoding the data, analyzing treatment cost, regression modeling, and verification were performed using Stata 15 software. Patients with stage 3 CKD account for the highest proportion of the CKD patient population. CKD comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia, which increase the treatment fees of patients. Approximately half of the patients with CKD have diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Treatment costs increase as the condition of the patient worsens (except for stage 1 and 2 CKD). The total expenses of all CKD patients in District 2 Hospital were USD 916 423 988.60. Five main factors that affect the treatment fee of a patient: CKD stage, age, gender, and the presence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia. The regression model correctly predicts 96% of cases and can explain 64.15% of the fluctuations in costs. The cost of CKD treatment was higher than Vietnam’s per capita GDP in 2019, and the primary factors affecting costs are comorbidities and dialysis.

scholarly journals Proteomic Signatures of Lifestyle Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis of the Plasma Proteome in the Framingham Heart Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Corlin ◽  
Chunyu Liu ◽  
Honghuang Lin ◽  
Dominick Leone ◽  
Qiong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Validation Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Discovery Sample ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Background Proteomic biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease risk factors may offer insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether modifiable lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease are associated with distinctive proteomic signatures. Methods and Results We analyzed 1305 circulating plasma proteomic biomarkers (assayed using the SomaLogic platform) in 897 FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Generation 3 participants (mean age 46±8 years; 56% women; discovery sample) and 1121 FOS (Framingham Offspring Study) participants (mean age 52 years; 54% women; validation sample). Participants were free of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and clinical cardiovascular disease. We used linear mixed effects models (adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and family structure) to relate levels of each inverse‐log transformed protein to 3 lifestyle factors (ie, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity). A Bonferroni‐adjusted P value indicated statistical significance (based on number of proteins and traits tested, P <4.2×10 −6 in the discovery sample; P <6.85×10 −4 in the validation sample). We observed statistically significant associations of 60 proteins with smoking (37/40 top proteins validated in FOS), 30 proteins with alcohol consumption (23/30 proteins validated), and 5 proteins with physical activity (2/3 proteins associated with the physical activity index validated). We assessed the associations of protein concentrations with previously identified genetic variants (protein quantitative trait loci) linked to lifestyle‐related disease traits in the genome‐wide‐association study catalogue. The protein quantitative trait loci were associated with coronary artery disease, inflammation, and age‐related mortality. Conclusions Our cross‐sectional study from a community‐based sample elucidated distinctive sets of proteins associated with 3 key lifestyle factors.

scholarly journals Protein Biomarkers of New-Onset Cardiovascular Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Yin ◽  
Subha Subramanian ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Christopher J. O’Donnell ◽  
Caroline S. Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Ascvd Risk ◽  
New Onset

Objective— Incorporation of novel plasma protein biomarkers may improve current models for prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Approach and Results— We used discovery mass spectrometry (MS) to determine plasma concentrations of 861 proteins in 135 myocardial infarction (MI) cases and 135 matched controls. Then, we measured 59 markers by targeted MS in 336 ASCVD case–control pairs. Associations with MI or ASCVD were tested in single-marker and multiple-marker analyses adjusted for established ASCVD risk factors. Twelve single markers from discovery MS were associated with MI incidence (at P <0.01), adjusting for clinical risk factors. Seven proteins in aggregate (cyclophilin A, cluster of differentiation 5 molecule [CD5] antigen-like, cell-surface glycoprotein mucin cell surface associated protein 18 [MUC-18], collagen-α 1 [XVIII] chain, salivary α-amylase 1, C-reactive protein, and multimerin-2) were highly associated with MI ( P <0.0001) and significantly improved its prediction compared with a model with clinical risk factors alone (C-statistic of 0.71 versus 0.84). Through targeted MS, 12 single proteins were predictors of ASCVD (at P <0.05) after adjusting for established risk factors. In multiple-marker analyses, 4 proteins in combination (α-1–acid glycoprotein 1, paraoxonase 1, tetranectin, and CD5 antigen-like) predicted incident ASCVD ( P <0.0001) and moderately improved the C-statistic from the model with clinical covariates alone (C-statistic of 0.69 versus 0.73). Conclusions— Proteomics profiling identified single- and multiple-marker protein panels that are associated with new-onset ASCVD and may lead to a better understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Our findings include many novel protein biomarkers that, if externally validated, may improve risk assessment for MI and ASCVD.

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