scholarly journals Earliest-known intentionally deformed human cranial fossil from Asia and the initiation of hereditary hierarchy in the early Holocene

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijun Ni ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Thomas A. Stidham ◽  
Yangheshan Yang ◽  
Qiang Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Head Shape ◽  
Northeastern Asia ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
The World ◽  
Terminal Pleistocene

AbstractHereditary hierarchy is one of the major features of complex societies. Without a written record, prehistoric evidence for hereditary hierarchy is rare. Intentional cranial deformation (ICD) is a cross-generational cultural practice that embodies social identity and culture beliefs in adults through the behavior of altering infant head shape. Therefore, ICD is usually regarded as an archeological clue for the occurrence of hereditary hierarchy. With a calibrated radiocarbon age of 11245-11200 years BP, a fossil skull of an adult male displaying ICD discovered in Northeastern China is among the oldest-known ICD practices in the world. Along with the other earliest global occurrences of ICD, this discovery points to the early initiation of complex societies among the non-agricultural local societies in Northeastern Asia in the early Holocene. A population increase among previously more isolated terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene hunter-gatherer groups likely increased their interactions, possibly fueling the formation of the first complex societies.

Holocene and latest Pleistocene cirque glaciations in the Shuswap Highland, British Columbia

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Duford ◽  
G. D. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Canadian Rockies ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The World

Ages of glacial deposits in cirques of the Shuswap Highland, British Columbia are approximated or bracketed using tephrochronology, radiocarbon dating and lichenometry. There is evidence for two minor Holocene glacial advances. The younger, named the Raft Mountain Advance, is defined by the type Raft Mountain moraine, which is about 100 years old judging from Rhizocarpon lichens. No volcanic ash is found on the moraine or its equivalents. The older, named the Dunn Peak Advance, is defined by the type Dunn Peak moraine and equivalent deposits in the Dunn Peak area. These deposits bear Mazama ash and are thus older than 6600 years; one of the moraines has a minimum radiocarbon age of about 7400 years. The deposits are younger than the Late Wisconsin deglaciation in southern B.C. (about 11 000 years BP). In addition, an earlier event, possibly a stillstand, is represented by a moraine (the Harper Creek moraine) downstream of the type Dunn Peak moraine. This moraine is also bracketed between 6600 and 11 000 years in age. The Dunn Peak Advance may be correlative with an Early Holocene Advance reported from the Canadian Rockies and northern American Rockies, and the Raft Mountain Advance is correlative with very recent advances reported from several parts of the world.

Getting Beyond the Point: Textiles of the Terminal Pleistocene/Early Holocene in the Northwestern Great Basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Connolly ◽  
Pat Barker ◽  
Catherine S. Fowler ◽  
Eugene M. Hattori ◽  
Dennis L. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Historic Period ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Terminal Pleistocene ◽  
Ams Dates

Although the Great Basin of North America has produced some of the most robust and ancient fiber artifact assemblages in the world, many were recovered with poor chronological controls. Consequently, this class of artifacts has seldom been effectively incorporated into general discussions of early chronological and cultural patterns. In recent years, the Great Basin Textile Dating Project has accumulated direct AMS dates on textiles (bags, sandals, mats, cordage, and basketry) from dry caves in the Great Basin, particularly in the northern and western areas. We focus here on the terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene, to identify chronological patterns in this class of artifacts and to evaluate Adovasio’s characterization of the region’s earliest basketry as simple and undecorated. New AMS dates now suggest that the region’s earliest people had sophisticated textile traditions that incorporated numerous decorative elaborations. Some distinctive structures, including Fort Rock sandals and weft-faced plaited textiles, have limited early temporal ranges and may serve as diagnostic indicators for terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene times. Other basketry forms and structures that appear by about 9000 cal B.P. persist into the historic period, suggesting a stronger thread of continuity (especially in the north) from this time than is apparent in lithic traditions

scholarly journals Salicylic acid and kaolin effects on pomological, physiological, and phytochemical characters of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) at warm summer condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Khavari ◽  
Reza Fatahi ◽  
Zabihollah Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
The World ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
Supporting Materials

AbstractClimate change and population increase are two challenges for crop production in the world. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is considered an important nut regarding its nutritional and economic values. As a fact, the application of supporting materials as foliage sprays on plants will decrease biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the effects of salicylic acid (0, 1 mM and 2.5 mM) and kaolin (0, 3% and 6%) sprays were investigated on morphological, physiological, pomological, and biochemical characteristics of hazelnut. The results showed that 1 mM salicylic acid and 6% kaolin had the best effects on nut and kernel weight compared to control. Biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll a, b, a + b, and carotenoid contents showed that salicylic acid and kaolin improved pigment concentration. Proline and antioxidant contents such as phenolic acids, SOD, APX, and CAT enzyme activities increased by these applications. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation, protein content, and H2O2 content were decreased. Based on the tolerance index result, Merveille de Bollwiller cultivar showed the highest tolerance while 'Fertile de Coutard' had the lowest value. Therefore, hazelnut performance may be improved through exogenous application of the signaling (salicylic acid) and particle film (Kaolin) compounds in warmer climates.

Refraction and recognition

Target ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainier Grutman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Minority Writers ◽  
Multilingual Literature

Texts foregrounding different languages pose unusual challenges for translators and translation scholars alike. This article seeks to provide some insights into what happens to multilingual literature in translation. First, Antoine Berman’s writings on translation are used to reframe questions of semantic loss in terms of the ideological underpinnings of translation as a cultural practice. This leads to a wider consideration of contextual aspects involved in the “refraction” of foreign languages, such as the translating literature’s relative position in the “World Republic of Letters” (Casanova). Drawing on a Canadian case-study (Marie-Claire Blais in English translation), it is suggested that asymmetrical relations between dominating and dominated literatures need not be negative per se, but can lead to the recognition of minority writers.

scholarly journals A Revised Late Holocene Culture History for Moloka'i Island, Hawai'i

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1273-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Subsistence Economies ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Strong Material ◽  
History Of

Building directly upon a previous summary of 45 dates (Weisler 1989), this paper presents radiocarbon age determinations for 175 samples from archaeological and natural contexts and a revised culture history of Moloka'i Island, Hawai'i (cal AD 800 and 1795). Significant culture historical trends include an early settlement pattern apparently generalized with respect to ecozone; a remarkably long initial period of marine and endemic bird exploitation; strong material evidence for the concurrent intensification of subsistence economies, population increase, and the structuring of the social landscape through ritual; and links between island politics as described in oral traditions and site construction. Moreover, these results support a late chronology for the colonization of Hawai'i and demonstrate the value of spatial technology for building large chronometric databases.

A Terminal Pleistocene/Early Holocene Environmental Record and Fluted Point from Twain Harte, California

PaleoAmerica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Moratto ◽  
Owen K. Davis ◽  
Shelly Davis-King ◽  
Jack Meyer ◽  
Jeffrey Rosenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Holocene ◽  
Terminal Pleistocene

scholarly journals DEVELOPING TOOLS FOR COMPUTATION OF BASIN TOPOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS IN GIS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W1 ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gökgöz ◽  
Y. Yayla ◽  
M. B. Yaman ◽  
H. Güvenç ◽  
S. Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Basin Boundaries ◽  
Topographic Parameters

Although water use has been increasing day by day depending on fast population increase, urbanization and industrialization in the world, potential of usable water resources remains stable. On the other side, expansion of agricultural activities, industrialization, urbanization, global warming and climate change create a big pressure on current water resources. Therefore, management of water resources is one of the most significant problems of today that is required to be solved and ‘’Integrated Basin Management’’ has gained importance in the world in terms of decreasing environmental problems by more efficiently using current water resources. In order to achieve integrated basin management, it is needed to determine basin boundaries with sufficient accuracy and precision and encode them systematically. In various analyses to be done on the basis of basin, topographic parameters are also needed such as shape factor, bifurcation ratio, drainage frequency, drainage density, length of the main flow path, harmonic slope, average slope, time of concentration, hypsometric curve and maximum elevation difference. Nowadays, basin boundaries are obtained with digital elevation models in geographical information systems. However, tools developed for topographic parameters are not available. In this study, programs were written in Python programming language for afore-mentioned topographic parameters and each turned into a geographical information system tool. Therefore, a significant contribution has been made to the subject by completing the deficiency in the geographical information system devoted to the topographic parameters that are needed in almost every analyses concerning to the hydrology.

scholarly journals Mundo de la vida y cultura: la educación como acción ética e intercultural

10.14201/3110 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo S. Vila Merino
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Life World ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

RESUMEN: Los seres humanos, como seres culturales, tenemos nuestras referencias inmediatas en los significados con los que interaccionamos en nuestro proceso de socialización y es a partir de los mismos desde donde nos hacemos y construimos el mundo. En este sentido, y más aún en nuestras complejas sociedades multiculturales, resulta muy importante rescatar el valor del concepto de mundo de la vida y sus aplicaciones al ámbito educativo. Todo esto nos debe llevar a entender este proceso como integrado por acciones simbólico-significativas y argumentando la necesidad de desarrollar en el mismo posicionamientos comunicativos que potencien la dimensión ética e intercultural en los intercambios socioeducativos.ABSTRACT: Human beings, as cultural beings, have our immediate references in the meanings which we make contacts in our socialization process, and from this relations we build the world. In this sense, and still more in our multicultural and complex societies, is very important to rescue the value of the concept life-world and its applications to the educative ambit. This question must lead us to understand this process as integrated for symbolic-meaning actions and reasoning the need to develop in the same comrromicative positions that promote the ethical and intercultural dimension into the social-educative exchanges.SOMMAIRE: Nous, les êtres humains en tant qu'êtres culturales, nous avons nos références immédiates dans les significations avec lesquelles nous interagissons dans notre processus de socialisation. C'est à partir de ces mêmes significations que nous nous formons et à la fois construisons le monde. En ce sens-là, et même plus dans nos sociétés multiculturelles complexes, il est primordial de restituer la valeur du concept de monde de la vie et de toutes ses applications au domaine éducatif. Tout cela doit nous amener à comprendre ce processus comme intégré par des actions symbolique-significatives et, parallèlement à justifier le besoin de développer des positions communicatives qui favorisent la dimension éthique et interculturelle dans les échanges socioéducatifs.

scholarly journals The Nigerian population: A treasure for national development or an unsurmountable national challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Vitalis Jafla Pontianus ◽  
Oruonye E.D.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
National Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
High Population ◽  
Major Player ◽  
The World

Nigeria is the most populous black nation in the world. It is equally one of the Less Developed Countries (LDCs) with very high population. Population growth is a very important element and a challenge in the development process in LDCs. The population of Nigeria is expected to continue to grow up to 239 million by 2025 and 440 million by 2050, thereby ranking it to 4th position among countries of the World with high population. This without doubt will place Nigeria in a position of major player in the global system, and more importantly in the African region. It is against this background that this study examines Nigeria’s population composition by poising the following questions; will Nigeria’s present and future population structure be a benefit or a burden? How can Nigeria’s relative share of working-age composition (15- 64) and dependents (under 15 and 65 and over) contribute to long term economic growth and development of the country? The findings of the study reveals that population growth is a critical factor in the development of any economy, providing workforce for production of goods and services to boost economic development and a critical determinant of the potentials of a country’s investment. The study findings also show that continuous population growth militates against economic growth through inducement of poverty, falling medical care/services and environmental degradation, worsen resource scarcity in areas where a large proportion of the population already relies on natural resource-based livelihoods. The study argued that population increase is not a problem in itself to any nation, and that there are some impeding factors associated with population growth such as corruption, inadequate planning, inappropriate implementation of development plans, poor budget/implementation and complacency in developing human capital. These are issues that the Nigerian state since independence have continued to battle with which has invariably made it a seemingly failed state. The study concludes that how much any country can benefit from its population size is dependent on the quality of human capital. Based on the findings, the study recommends economic diversification, government empowerment of Small and Medium scale Enterprises, paying attention to human capital development and target-oriented education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document