Refraction and recognition

Target ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainier Grutman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Minority Writers ◽  
Multilingual Literature

Texts foregrounding different languages pose unusual challenges for translators and translation scholars alike. This article seeks to provide some insights into what happens to multilingual literature in translation. First, Antoine Berman’s writings on translation are used to reframe questions of semantic loss in terms of the ideological underpinnings of translation as a cultural practice. This leads to a wider consideration of contextual aspects involved in the “refraction” of foreign languages, such as the translating literature’s relative position in the “World Republic of Letters” (Casanova). Drawing on a Canadian case-study (Marie-Claire Blais in English translation), it is suggested that asymmetrical relations between dominating and dominated literatures need not be negative per se, but can lead to the recognition of minority writers.

scholarly journals “A Rare Pearl Passed from Hand to Hand”

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-277
Author(s):  
Michiel Leezenberg
Keyword(s):  
Literary Field ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
The World ◽  
National Boundaries

Abstract Pascale Casanova’s notion of the “world republic of letters” systematically transcends national boundaries, as well as the opposition between internalist structural analyses and externalist political reductions, arguing that individual works of literature acquire their meaning only against the background of this transnational literary field with its own, irreducibly literary forms of domination. Yet, I will argue, Casanova’s work is not yet sufficiently transnational and not sufficiently historicizing; specifically, it overlooks non-Western cosmopolitan traditions and premodern vernacularization processes. As a case study, I will discuss the vernacularization of Georgian, Kurdish, and Armenian within the Persianate cosmopolitan, and on the consecration of national epics in these three languages. These examples suggest an approach to the literary field that allows for greater geographical width and historical depth; it also invites us to look for more radical historical variability in the concept of literature itself.

The Making of a Man of Letters: The Backstage and Afterlife of Paul Rapin Thoyras’ Histoire d’Angleterre

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-347
Author(s):  
Miriam Franchina
Keyword(s):  
Self Presentation ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Scholarly Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The significance of Paul Rapin Thoyras’s Histoire d’Angleterre (1724–1727) has been widely recognized, and yet little is known about the circumstances which brought it about. This article looks behind the scenes of its production, revealing the Histoire to be the culmination of Rapin’s self-presentation as an homme de lettres. It presents Rapin’s interaction and ensuing dispute with his intended publisher (Thomas Johnson), his contributions to Jean Le Clerc’s journals and his management of anonymity and publicity as strategies to gain acceptance and advancement within the Republic of Letters. The case study sheds light on the discourses of self-description of the scholarly community, highlighting the controversial relationship it entertained with the world of print.

PROOFREADING CHALLENGES IN THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF ACADEMIC ABSTRACTS AND ARTICLES

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Maria ANASTASOVA ◽  
Dafina KOSTADINOVA
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
The World

The world of contemporary science demands from every respected researcher to publish their findings in international databases, whose metrics have become a measure for the popularity and influence of scholarly journals. Hardly is it possible to build a successful academic career without publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. As part of the requirements, authors are supposed to provide abstracts of their materials in English or even translate their articles in languages that are not their native. Such a situation poses a challenge to both authors and technical editors of Bulgarian academic journals as they are expected to proofread highly specific translated texts in a language that is not their native. More often than not, those editors have neither the source text to rely on, nor the broader context of the study in cases when the articles have been written in foreign languages and thus they face a number of translation challenges. The present study focuses on some difficulties that regularly occur in the process of proofreading the English translation of academic abstracts and articles, such as ambiguity, translation of titles of literary works, and interference from the native language. The basic aim is to analyze those problems from the perspective of translation studies and eventually suggest some possible ways of coping with them.

Virtual Worlds and Avatars for the development of Primary Foreign Languages and Primary Foreign Languages for the Development of Real Children

2012 ◽  
pp. 758-771
Author(s):  
Yongho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Comprehensible Input ◽  
The World ◽  
Passive Absorption

The case study is a chronicle of Korean elementary students’ efforts to gain autonomous control of a foreign language, English, from the top down, that is, through use of English in communication (as opposed to mere exposure to English through study or through the passive absorption of comprehensible input). This communicative use of English is realized through materials pertinent to their overall development and not just to their language development. The materials include a surrogate self or avatar within a virtual learning environment which can, in principle, though not in this study, connect them with children all over the world. The question for this study is how the use of an avatar in a virtual learning environment brings about not only the learning of vocabulary and grammar (similar to the piecemeal learning that happens in any classroom) but also interacts with and even activates the child’s overall psychological development the way that play awakens developmental functions on the playground.

Virtual Worlds and Avatars for the Development of Primary Foreign Languages and Primary Foreign Languages for the Development of Real Children

2010 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Yongho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Comprehensible Input ◽  
The World ◽  
Passive Absorption

The case study is a chronicle of Korean elementary students’ efforts to gain autonomous control of a foreign language, English, from the top down, that is, through use of English in communication (as opposed to mere exposure to English through study or through the passive absorption of comprehensible input). This communicative use of English is realized through materials pertinent to their overall development and not just to their language development. The materials include a surrogate self or avatar within a virtual learning environment which can, in principle, though not in this study, connect them with children all over the world. The question for this study is how the use of an avatar in a virtual learning environment brings about not only the learning of vocabulary and grammar (similar to the piecemeal learning that happens in any classroom) but also interacts with and even activates the child’s overall psychological development the way that play awakens developmental functions on the playground.

Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Jessica Luciano Gomes ◽  
Miriam Gomes Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Se

This chapter explores the case study, which is a very common research method in the field of social sciences. Case studies are important because they provide the examination of samples of a larger atmosphere, therefore enabling researchers with a variety of possibilities: to deepen the analysis of a particular occurrence in the world, to contribute to an existing theoretical framework, and to serve as an instrument of comparative analysis. Although it might sound simplistic, the research framework for case studies usually has to satisfy a few key points. Case studies can be divided into separate categories: exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory. They are also directly related to the type of research question being posed from the traditional five types of survey questions: ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘how’, and ‘why’. One can often find case studies among both qualitative and quantitative approaches, focusing on a case study per se or on cross-case method.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

Social Design for Services Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie SARANTOU ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Social Design ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper addresses the fields of social and service design in development contexts, practice-based and constructive design research. A framework for social design for services will be explored through the survey of existing literature, specifically by drawing on eight doctoral theses that were produced by the World Design research group. The work of World Design researcher-designers was guided by a strong ethos of social and service design for development in marginalised communities. The paper also draws on a case study in Namibia and South Africa titled ‘My Dream World’. This case study presents a good example of how the social design for services framework functions in practice during experimentation and research in the field. The social design for services framework transfers the World Design group’s research results into practical action, providing a tool for the facilitation of design and research processes for sustainable development in marginal contexts.

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