scholarly journals Natural Amelioration of Mn-induced Chlorosis Facilitated by Mn Down-regulation, Ammonium and Rainwater in Sugarcane Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Zhi Ling ◽  
Xiao Xia Wang ◽  
Shu Yang ◽  
Xin Lian Tang ◽  
Shi Jin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Soil Ammonium ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane ◽  
Mn Content

AbstractWe had previously reported that manganese (Mn)-induced chlorosis is a serious problem in ratoon sugarcane seedlings grown in acidic soils. To further monitor the progression of chlorosis and elucidate the corresponding mechanism, both plant growth and nutrient status of sugarcane plants and soils were investigated in the growth seasons of ratoon cane seedlings in 2016 and 2018. The impacts of rainfall and ammonium on chlorosis were also investigated hydroponically. The results showed that the chlorotic seedlings could green in mid-summer; Mn content in the first expanded leaf decreased significantly, whereas iron (Fe) content increased significantly during the progression of greening. The leaf Mn content in the greened seedlings decreased by up to 78.1% when compared with that in the initial chlorotic seedlings. The seedlings also showed a significant increase in seedling height and weight of the expanded leaves, accompanied by a decrease in plant Mn content during the progression of greening. Moreover, young seedlings with less Mn content showed earlier greening than older seedlings with more Mn content. The exchangeable ammonium content in the soils increased significantly during the progression of greening, and the addition of 1 mM ammonium to the chlorotic seedlings resulted in a decrease in leaf Mn content by up to 80%. Furthermore, leaf SPAD value and Fe content increased by 2.0-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, after rainwater was applied to the chlorotic seedling. These results indicate Mn-induced chlorotic seedlings can turn naturally green, and downregulation of plant Mn content, rainfall in summer, and soil ammonium contribute to the greening of chlorotic seedlings.

The complexity of wood ash fertilization disentangled: Effects on soil pH, nutrient status, plant growth and cadmium accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 104424
Author(s):  
Jesper Liengaard Johansen ◽  
Maiken Lundstad Nielsen ◽  
Mette Vestergård ◽  
Louise Hindborg Mortensen ◽  
Carla Cruz-Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Wood Ash

scholarly journals Down-Regulation of SlGRAS10 in Tomato Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Sidra Habib ◽  
Yee Yee Lwin ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Down Regulation

Adverse environmental factors like salt stress, drought, and extreme temperatures, cause damage to plant growth, development, and crop yield. GRAS transcription factors (TFs) have numerous functions in biological processes. Some studies have reported that the GRAS protein family plays significant functions in plant growth and development under abiotic stresses. In this study, we demonstrated the functional characterization of a tomato SlGRAS10 gene under abiotic stresses such as salt stress and drought. Down-regulation of SlGRAS10 by RNA interference (RNAi) produced dwarf plants with smaller leaves, internode lengths, and enhanced flavonoid accumulation. We studied the effects of abiotic stresses on RNAi and wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, SlGRAS10-RNAi plants were more tolerant to abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and Abscisic acid) than the WT plants. Down-regulation of SlGRAS10 significantly enhanced the expressions of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to reduce the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2− and H2O2. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents were remarkably high in SlGRAS10-RNAi plants. Furthermore, the expression levels of chlorophyll biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and stress-related genes were also enhanced under abiotic stress conditions. Collectively, our conclusions emphasized the significant function of SlGRAS10 as a stress tolerate transcription factor in a certain variety of abiotic stress tolerance by enhancing osmotic potential, flavonoid biosynthesis, and ROS scavenging system in the tomato plant.

EFFECTS OF LIME ON EXTRACTABLE ALUMINUM AND OTHER SOIL PROPERTIES AND ON BARLEY AND ALFALFA GROWN IN POT TESTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLEAN ◽  
R. L. HALSTEAD ◽  
B. J. FINN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content

Liming of six acid soil samples in an incubation experiment with rates to raise the soil pH to 6.0 or above eliminated Al soluble in 0.01 M CaCl2, reduced soluble Mn and Zn, increased NO3-N markedly, and at the highest pH increased the amounts of NaHCO3-soluble P in some of the soils. In corresponding pot experiments, liming increased the yield of alfalfa and in three of the soils the yield of barley also. Liming reduced the concentrations of the metals in the plants and at the highest pH tended to increase the P content of the plants. Liming to a pH of about 5.3 eliminated or greatly reduced soluble Al and the soils were base saturated as measured by the replacement of Al, Ca, and Mg by a neutral salt. There was some evidence that liming to reduce soluble Al and possibly Mn was beneficial for plant growth. Gypsum increased the concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn in 0.01 M CaCl2 extracts of the soils whereas phosphate reduced them. The changes in the Mn content of the plants following these treatments were in agreement with the amounts of Mn in the CaCl2 extracts.

scholarly journals Soil Nutrient Status of Brahmaputra Floodplain Area in Tangail Sadar Upazila for Agricultural Uses

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
MAM Hossen ◽  
SA Lira ◽  
MY Mia ◽  
AKMM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
P Content ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Floodplain Area ◽  
Very High ◽  
Brahmaputra Floodplain

Soil samples from high land, medium high land, medium low land and low land of Brahmaputra Floodplain area showed that pH of the soils were slightly acidic; organic matter (OM) content was medium; total nitrogen (N), available potassium (K) and boron (B) content were low; available phosphorus (P) content was very low; available sulfur (S) and calcium (Ca) content were medium to very high; magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) content were low to optimum; copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) content were very high suggesting the fact that soils of this area is moderately suitable for agricultural uses.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 11-14 2015

scholarly journals Freshwater Molluscs as Bioindicator of Fe and Mn Contamination in Lematang River, South Sumatera, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Novin Teristiandi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Freshwater Molluscs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Mn Content

Heavy metal in river come mainly from naturally occurring geochemical materials. However, human activities has enhanced concentration of heavy metal such as coal mine in the case of pollution in Lematang River. The high suspended solid loads in the river can remove most soluble metals from the water and trapped them in the bottom sediment. Freshwater molluscs were collected 3 sampling site, Lahat (ST1) as reference site, and polluted rivers of West Merapi (ST2) and East Merapi (ST2). Freshwater molluscs were analysed for the heavy metal contents in tissue. Relationships of the heavy metal in sediment to the heavy metal content in molluscs was performed using SPSS 24. Thiara scabra was the most abundant taxa in sampling area. Concentration of Fe and Mn in sediment has no significant effect on the Fe content in mollusc tissues. Molluscs appeared to more sensitive to higher Mn content. This study did not clearly show molluscs as a bioaccumulator for metal. Nonetheless, Thiara scabra were common, abundant, easily sampled and it is a useful choice as bioindicator in Lematang river for future study.

scholarly journals Importance of Mineral Nutrition for Mitigating Aluminum Toxicity in Plants on Acidic Soils: Current Status and Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rahman ◽  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Hee Ji ◽  
Ahmad Kabir ◽  
Chris Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Acidic Soils

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the major limitations that inhibit plant growth and development in acidic soils. In acidic soils (pH < 5.0), phototoxic-aluminum (Al3+) rapidly inhibits root growth, and subsequently affects water and nutrient uptake in plants. This review updates the existing knowledge concerning the role of mineral nutrition for alleviating Al toxicity in plants to acid soils. Here, we explored phosphorus (P) is more beneficial in plants under P-deficient, and Al toxic conditions. Exogenous P addition increased root respiration, plant growth, chlorophyll content, and dry matter yield. Calcium (Ca) amendment (liming) is effective for correcting soil acidity, and for alleviating Al toxicity. Magnesium (Mg) is able to prevent Al migration through the cytosolic plasma membrane in root tips. Sulfur (S) is recognized as a versatile element that alleviates several metals toxicity including Al. Moreover, silicon (Si), and other components such as industrial byproducts, hormones, organic acids, polyamines, biofertilizers, and biochars played promising roles for mitigating Al toxicity in plants. Furthermore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of several new methods and low-cost effective strategies relevant to the exogenous application of mineral nutrition on Al toxicity mitigation. This information would be effective for further improvement of crop plants in acid soils.

scholarly journals Mycorrhiza-induced changes in root growth and nutrient absorption of tea plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ya-Dong ◽  
Zhang De-Jian ◽  
Hu Xian-Chun ◽  
Wu Qiang-Sheng ◽  
Jiang Chang-Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Tea plants grown in acidic soils are strongly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizas, whereas it is not clear whether soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve plant growth, root development, and nutrient absorption in tea plants. A potted study was conducted to determine the effects of Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Diversispora spurca, D. versiformis and a mixture of the three AMF species on plant growth, root morphology, root-hair growth, and leaf nutrient status in Camellia sinensis cv. Fuding Dabaicha in Jingzhou, China. After 12 weeks of AMF inoculation, root mycorrhizal colonization ranged from 15.12% to 40.23%. AMF inoculation heavily increased plant height, shoot and root biomass, and total leaf area, whilst the increased effect was ranked as C. etunicatum &gt; D. spurca &gt; mixed-AMF &gt; D. versiformis in the decreasing order. Mycorrhizal inoculation also considerably increased total root length and volume, whereas obviously inhibited root-hair length and number, in company with an increment in root-hair diameter. Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Mn contents were significantly higher in AMF-inoculated plants than in non-AMF-inoculated plants, regardless of AMF species. It concludes that AMF inoculation had positive effects on plant growth performance, root morphology, and leaf nutrient levels in cv. Fuding Dabaicha seedlings, whilst C. etunicatum performed the best effects.

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