scholarly journals Interspecies interactions in bacterial colonies are determined by physiological traits and the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean C. Booth ◽  
Scott A. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Biophysical Forces ◽  
Agar Surface ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
And Function

AbstractInterspecies interactions in bacterial biofilms have important impacts on the composition and function of communities in natural and engineered systems. To investigate these interactions, synthetic communities provide experimentally tractable systems. Agar-surface colonies are similar to biofilms and have been used for investigating the eco-evolutionary and biophysical forces that determine community composition and spatial distribution of bacteria. Prior work has focused on intraspecies interactions, using differently fluorescent tagged but identical or genetically modified strains of the same species. Here, we investigated how physiological differences determine the community composition and spatial distribution in synthetic communities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas protegens and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Using quantitative microscopic imaging, we found that interspecies interactions in multispecies colonies are influenced by type IV pilus mediated motility, extracellular matrix secretion, environmental parameters and the specific species involved. These results indicate that the patterns observable in mixed species colonies can be used to understand the mechanisms that drive interspecies interactions, which are dependent on the interplay between specific species’ physiology and environmental conditions.

Composition and dynamics of potentially toxic dinoflagellates in a shallow Mediterranean lagoon

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armi Zina ◽  
Trabelsi Elbahri ◽  
Turki Souad ◽  
Ben Naceur ◽  
Mahmoudi Ezzeddine
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toxic Dinoflagellates ◽  
Harmful Microalgae ◽  
Specific Species

AbstractThe population dynamics of harmful microalgae was investigated in the semi-enclosed shallow lagoon, Tunis northern lagoon (South Mediterranean), during a 1-year period from January to December 2007. A total number of 16 potentially toxic dinoflagellates were identified. Density of each species was analyzed in time and space and in relation to environmental parameters. Some species such as Alexandrium catenella, A. pseudogonyaulax, A. tamarense, Dinophysis sacculus, Prorocentrum lima, P. minimum and Gonyaulax spinifera developed high cell concentrations, particularly during spring and summer seasons. Other species such as A. insuetum, A. lee, A. minutum, Coolia monotis, D. acuminata, D. caudata, D. fortii, Ostreopsis siamensis and P. concavum were detected in this coastal ecosystem, but they were rare or appeared in very low densities.Densities of the most abundant species were closely associated with spring and summer conditions, being positively correlated with water temperature and salinity. These species performed well in this lagoon, but the specific species-dependent affinity to each of the environment factors determined which organisms proliferated. The spatial distribution of the abundant species exhibited a marked increase towards the western and southern parts of the lagoon represented by sites C, D and E. Examination of the temporal distribution revealed that the species more prone to bloom are those with extensive spatial distribution and frequent presence throughout the year such as D. sacculus.Statistical analysis of D. sacculus density dynamics showed a significant difference between summer and winter assemblages. It presented a positive correlation with water temperature and salinity, but it seems to be tolerant to all levels of nutrients.

scholarly journals Disparate Subcellular Localization Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type IV Pilus ATPases Involved in Twitching Motility

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poney Chiang ◽  
Marc Habash ◽  
Lori L. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Twitching Motility ◽  
Polar Localization ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses polar type IV pili (TFP), which are responsible for adhesion to various materials and twitching motility on surfaces. Twitching occurs by alternate extension and retraction of TFP, which arise from assembly and disassembly of pilin subunits at the base of the pilus. The ATPase PilB promotes pilin assembly, while the ATPase PilT or PilU or both promote pilin dissociation. Fluorescent fusions to two of the three ATPases (PilT and PilU) were functional, as shown by complementation of the corresponding mutants. PilB and PilT fusions localized to both poles, while PilU fusions localized only to the piliated pole. To identify the portion of the ATPases required for localization, sequential C-terminal deletions of PilT and PilU were generated. The conserved His and Walker B boxes were dispensable for polar localization but were required for twitching motility, showing that localization and function could be uncoupled. Truncated fusions that retained polar localization maintained their distinctive distribution patterns. To dissect the cellular factors involved in establishing polarity, fusion protein localization was monitored with a panel of TFP mutants. The localization of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-PilT and YFP-PilU was independent of the subunit PilA, other TFP ATPases, and TFP-associated proteins previously shown to be associated with the membrane or exhibiting polar localization. In contrast, YFP-PilB exhibited diffuse cytoplasmic localization in a pilC mutant, suggesting that PilC is required for polar localization of PilB. Finally, localization studies performed with fluorescent ATPase chimeras of PilT and PilU demonstrated that information responsible for the characteristic localization patterns of the ATPases likely resides in their N termini.

scholarly journals The linkage between community composition and function over the short-term response period in anaerobic digestion systems with food-fermentation industrial wastewater

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102958
Author(s):  
Weiwei Cai ◽  
Mingxing Zhao ◽  
Jianyao Kong ◽  
Silvio Riggio ◽  
Tim Finnigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Food Fermentation ◽  
Response Period ◽  
And Function ◽  
Term Response

Spatial distribution of progesterone in bovine uterus in relation to corpus luteum location and function

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1663-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Cerbito ◽  
F.V. Quero ◽  
C.R. Balagapo ◽  
K. Miyazawa ◽  
K. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Correlated STORM-homoFRET Imaging: Applications to the Study of Membrane Receptor Self-Association and Clustering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine Driouchi ◽  
Scott Gray-Owen ◽  
Christopher M Yip
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Oligomeric State ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Self Association ◽  
And Function

Mapping the self-organization and spatial distribution of membrane proteins is key to understanding their function. We report here on a correlated STORM/homoFRET imaging approach for resolving the nanoscale distribution and oligomeric state of membrane proteins. Live cell homoFRET imaging of CEACAM1, a cell-surface receptor known to exist in a complex equilibrium between monomer and dimer/oligomer states, revealed highly heterogenous diffraction-limited structures on the surface of HeLa cells. Correlated super-resolved STORM imaging revealed that these structures comprised a complex mixture and spatial distribution of self-associated CEACAM1 molecules. This correlated approach provides a compelling strategy for addressing challenging questions about the interplay between membrane protein concentration, distribution, interaction, clustering, and function.

Environmental parameters and anthropogenic effects predicting the spatial distribution of wild ungulates in the Akagera savannah ecosystem

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Averbeck ◽  
Ann Apio ◽  
Martin Plath ◽  
Torsten Wronski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Effects ◽  
Wild Ungulates

Contrasting microbial community composition and function perspective of the biofilms in shrimps (Macrobrachium nipponense) cultured systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhao ◽  
Zhirong Zhang ◽  
Cunqi Liu ◽  
Junxia Wang ◽  
Yajuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Macrobrachium Nipponense ◽  
And Function

Specific ablation of the nidogen-binding site in the laminin γ1 chain interferes with kidney and lung development

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 2711-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Willem ◽  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Willi Halfter ◽  
Neil Smyth ◽  
Iris Jannetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Collagen Type Iv ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
And Function ◽  
Kidney Morphogenesis ◽  
Nidogen 1

Basement membrane assembly is of crucial importance in the development and function of tissues and during embryogenesis. Nidogen 1 was thought to be central in the assembly processes, connecting the networks formed by collagen type IV and laminins, however, targeted inactivation of nidogen 1 resulted in no obvious phenotype. We have now selectively deleted the sequence coding for the 56 amino acid nidogen-binding site, γ1III4, within the Lamc1 gene by gene targeting. Here, we show that mice homozygous for the deletion die immediately after birth, showing renal agenesis and impaired lung development. These developmental defects were attributed to locally restricted ruptures in the basement membrane of the elongating Wolffian duct and of alveolar sacculi. These data demonstrate that an interaction between two basement membrane proteins is required for early kidney morphogenesis in vivo.

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