Performance of rice straw‐based composites using environmentally friendly polyalcoholic polymers‐based adhesive system

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altaf H. Basta ◽  
Houssni El‐Saied ◽  
Vivian F. Lotfy
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Adhesive System

URSS/PVA/WP Composite Materials: Preparation and Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Bo Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
And Performance

A novel kind of environmentally friendly composite materials containing upper part of rice straw segments (URSS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and waste paper (WP) were prepared by hot-pressing at 140°C for 10 min. The tensile strength, tensile elongation and hardness of composites were measured. Results showed that the tensile strength and the strength at tensile break of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing PVA content. Tensile strength was higher than the strength at tensile break at different PVA contents, indicating that URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had certain toughness. Otherwise, URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had higher tensile strength than URSS/PVA composites. The tensile strengths of them were respectively 9.25 MPa and 3.9 MPa when prepared at PVA content of 40%. The hardness of composites lay between 90 and 96. Negligible difference exists in every composite.

A new soy flour-polyepoxide adhesive system for making interior plywood

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Huang ◽  
Chunhong Li ◽  
Kaichang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Crosslinking Agents

Abstract In this study, triglycidylamine (TGA) was synthesized and evaluated as a crosslinking agent for soy flour (SF) for making five-ply plywood from yellow poplar. Glycerol polyglycidyl ether (GPE) and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TTE) were also investigated as crosslinking agents for SF as adhesive for plywood. The plywood panels bonded with SF-TGA and SF-GPE adhesives did meet and those with SF-TTE adhesive did not meet the water-resistance requirement for interior application. The former two adhesives are formaldehyde-free, environmentally friendly, easy to use and readily available. They can be derived completely from renewable materials. The adhesion mechanisms are discussed in detail.

Environmentally friendly pulping process for rice straw to eliminate black liquor discharge

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
GUOLIN HUANG ◽  
XIZHEN LIANG ◽  
ZHONGSHENG CHEN ◽  
CUIZHEN LI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Caustic Potash ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Batch Distillation ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Rice straw pulping trials were carried out with aqueous ammonia mixed with caustic potash to eliminate the black liquor problem in nonwood pulping. The black liquor, which contains nitrogen, potassium, and ammoniacal lignin, potentially can be used as a fertilizer for agricultural production. Excess ammonia in the black liquor was recovered by batch distillation. The black liquor was further treated for reuse by coagulation under alkaline conditions. Effects of flocculating condition, such as dosage of 10% aluminum polychloride, dosage of 0.1% polyacrylamide, and reaction temperature and pH of black liquor, were studied systematically by experiment to obtain suitable technological conditions. Infrared and other analytical techniques confirmed that major quantities of lignin, 23.73% nitrogen (dried basis), and 6.24% potassium (dried basis) existed in the flocculating residues, which has the potential to be a good solid fertilizer. The amount of delignification and the pulp screen yield for the process remained steady at 83%–85 % and 38-40 %, respectively, when reusing the supernatant four times.

scholarly journals PENGGEMUKAN SAPI LOKAL SECARA AGRIBISNIS MENGGUNAKAN PAKAN TANPA HIJAUAN (COMPLETE FEED) DAN TAPE JERAMI SERTA GROWTH PROMOTOR STRATEGI PENCAPAIAN SWASEMBADA DAGING

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Kadek Rachmawati ◽  
Imam Mustofa ◽  
Wurlina Wurlina ◽  
Dewa Ketut Meles
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
And Training ◽  
Lower Production

Iptek bagi Masyarakat (IbM) which performed on a group of local cattle fattening is not qualified yet to solve the problems 1) rice straw as animal feed 2) agricultural waste and industrial waste as feed without forage 3) processing of rice straw into straw tape 4) processing agricultural waste and industrial waste into animal feed without forage 5) processing growth promotor derived from empon-empon and retrieval medicinal plants, and 6) making of cow manure waste into environmentally friendly fertilizer. The purposes of IbM are (1) to process of rice straw into straw tape as a nutritious animal feed (2) without forage feed processing (complete feed) (3) processing of growth promotors (4) local cattle fattening using tape straw and feed without forage as well as growth promotor. Benefits of IbM is to develop human resources and increase income of fattening local cattle farmers with lower production costs. The method used in IbM activities are education and training of local cattle fattening using tape straw feed and feed without forage plus growth promotor, processing waste into environmentally friendly fertilizer on UKMK of local cattle fattening members in Babat and Sugio district in Lamongan. IbM program activities involving 8 students to increase entrepreneurial spirit. The result is enhancement of cattle weight per cow per day on local cattle amounted to 0.578+0.054 kg, ongole crossbreed cattle 0.887+0.100 kg, hybrid limousine cattle for 1.588+0.084 kg and Simmental crossbreed cattle of 1,967+0.255 kg. AbstrakIptek Bagi Masyarakat (IbM) yang dilakukan pada kelompok penggemukan sapi lokal belum memenuhi syarat untuk menyelesaikan masalah 1) jerami padi sebagai pakan ternak 2) limbah pertanian dan limbah industri sebagai pakan tanpa hijauan 3) pengolahan jerami padi menjadi pita jerami 4) pengolahan limbah pertanian dan limbah industri menjadi pakan ternak tanpa pakan ternak 5) mengolah promotor pertumbuhan yang berasal dari empon-empon dan pengambilan kembali tanaman obat, dan 6) pembuatan limbah kotoran sapi menjadi pupuk ramah lingkungan. Tujuan IbM adalah (1) mengolah jerami padi menjadi pita jerami sebagai pakan ternak yang bergizi (2) tanpa pengolahan pakan ternak (pakan lengkap) (3) pengolahan promoter pertumbuhan (4) penggemukan sapi lokal dengan menggunakan jerami dan pakan pita tanpa pakan ternak serta promotor pertumbuhan. Manfaat IbM adalah mengembangkan sumber daya manusia dan meningkatkan pendapatan penggemukan peternak sapi lokal dengan biaya produksi lebih rendah. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan IbM adalah pendidikan dan pelatihan penggemukan sapi dengan pakan jerami dan pakan tanpa pakan ternak ditambah promotor pertumbuhan, pengolahan limbah menjadi pupuk ramah lingkungan pada UKMK penggemukan sapi potong di Kabupaten Babat dan Sugio di Lamongan. Kegiatan program IbM melibatkan 8 siswa untuk meningkatkan semangat kewirausahaan. Hasilnya adalah peningkatan bobot sapi per ekor per hari pada ternak lokal sebesar 0,578 + 0,054 kg, sapi potong silang ongole 0,887 + 0,100 kg, ternak limusin hibrida 1,588 + 0,084 kg dan sapi potong silang Simmental 1.967 + 0.255 kg. 

Environmentally friendly pulping of rice straw to eliminate black liquor discharge

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
GUOLIN HUANG ◽  
XIZHEN LIANG ◽  
ZHONGSHENG CHEN ◽  
CUIZHEN LI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Caustic Potash ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Batch Distillation ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Rice straw pulping trials were carried out with aqueous ammonia mixed with caustic potash to eliminate problems associated with black liquor in nonwood pulping. This process likely can use the black liquor, which contains nitrogen, potassium, and ammoniacal lignin, as a fertilizer for agricultural production. Excess ammonia in the black liquor was recovered by batch distillation. The black liquor was further treated for reuse by coagulation under alkaline conditions. We studied the effects of flocculating conditions, such as dosage of 10% aluminum polychloride, dosage of 0.1% polyacrylamide, reaction temperature, and pH of black liquor to obtain suitable technological conditions. Analyses confirmed that major quantities of lignin and 23.7% nitrogen (dried basis), 6.2% potassium (dried basis) existed in the flocculating residues, so this is potentially a good solid fertilizer. The amount of delignification and the pulp screen yield for the process remained steady at 83%-85% and 38%-40%, respectively, when reusing the supernatant four times.

scholarly journals PENGGEMUKAN SAPI MENGGUNAKAN PAKAN TANPA HIJAUAN (COMPLETE FEED) DAN TAPE JERAMI SERTA GROWTH PROMOTOR STRATEGI PENCAPAIAN SWASEMBADA DAGING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Wurlina Wurlina ◽  
Mas’ud Hariadi ◽  
Imam Mustofa ◽  
Dewa Ketut Meles
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
And Training ◽  
Lower Production

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) which performed on a group of cattle fattening is not qualified yet to solve the problems 1) rice straw as animal feed 2) agricultural waste and industrial waste as feed without forage 3) processing of rice straw into straw tape 4) processing agricultural waste and industrial waste into animal feed without forage 5) processing growth promotor derived from empon-empon and retrieval medicinal plants, and 6) making of cow manure waste into environmentally friendly fertilizer. The purposes of PKMare (1) to process of rice straw into straw tape as a nutritious animal feed (2) without forage feed processing (complete feed) (3) processing of growth promotors (4) local cattle fattening using tape straw and feed without forage as well as growth promotor. Benefits of PKM is to develop human resources and increase income of fattening local cattle farmers with lower production costs. The method used in PKM activities are education and training of local cattle fattening using tape straw feed and feed without forage plus growth promotor, processing waste into environmentally friendly fertilizer on UKMK of local cattle fattening members in Tuban. The result is enhancement of cattle weight per cow per day on local cattle amounted to 0.625 ± 0.048 kg, ongole rossbreed cattle 0.924 ± 0.067 kg, hybrid limousine cattle for 1.673 ± 0.068 kg and Simmental crossbreed cattle of 2.105 ± 0.414kg.AbstrakProgram Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) yang dilakukan pada kelompok penggemukan sapi belum memenuhi syarat untuk menyelesaikan masalah 1) jerami padi sebagai pakan ternak 2) limbah pertanian dan limbah industri sebagai pakan tanpa hijauan 3) pengolahan jerami padi menjadi pita jerami 4) pengolahan limbah pertanian dan industri limbah menjadi pakan ternak tanpa hijauan 5) promotor pertumbuhan pengolahan berasal dari empon-empon dan pengambilan tanaman obat, dan 6) pembuatan kotoran sapi menjadi pupuk ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari PKM adalah (1) untuk memproses jerami padi menjadi pita jeramisebagai pakan ternak bergizi (2) tanpa pengolahan pakan hijauan (pakan lengkap) (3) pengolahan promotor pertumbuhan (4) penggemukan sapi lokal menggunakan pita jerami dan pakan tanpa hijauan serta promotor pertumbuhan. Manfaat PKM adalah mengembangkan sumber daya manusia dan meningkatkan pendapatan penggemukan sapi lokal dengan biaya produksi lebih rendah. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan PKM adalah pendidikan dan pelatihan penggemukan sapi lokal menggunakan tape jerami pakan dan pakan tanpa hijauan ditambah promotor pertumbuhan, pengolahan limbah menjadi pupuk ramah lingkungan pada UKMK anggota penggemukan sapi lokal di Tuban. Hasilnya adalah peningkatan berat sapi per sapi per hari pada sapi lokal sebesar 0,625 ± 0,048 kg, sapi peranakan ongole 0,924 ± 0,067 kg, sapi limusin hibrida untuk 1,673 ± 0,068 kg dan sapi potong silang Simmental sebesar 2,105 ± 0,414 kg.

scholarly journals Review: Agricultural Wastes as a Source of Silica Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novie Permatasari ◽  
Transmissia Noviska Sucahya ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Silica Material ◽  
Husk Rice

Silica is the most abundant components in the earth's crust and is made by way of synthesis for use in the application of technology. Silica are generally found commercially as alkoxysilane compounds (i.e such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), sodium silicate, and tetramethylorthosilicat). However, these compounds can have a negative impact on health. Thus, further approaches to find the source of silica that is safer, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly is inevitable. However, not all summary journals are thoroughly discussed the silica sources. Further, method of isolation and application of the silica from agricultural waste is limited. This paper reported studied several sources of silica derived from agricultural waste, such as rice husk, rice straw, corn cobs, and bagasse. In addition, this paper discussed also about the method of isolation of silica from agricultural waste, and its application as a catalyst.

scholarly journals Application of Biofertilizer on Rica Plants in Pangkalan Gelebak Village, Banyuasin Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Neni Marlina ◽  
Asmawati Asmawati ◽  
Dewi Meidelima ◽  
Rastuti Kalasari ◽  
Haperidah Nunilahwati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Price ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Nesting Place

The farmers in Pangkalan Gelebak Village have the problem of their low agricultural productivity.  The high price of chemical fertilizers causes the ability of the population to purchase fertilizers to be deficient.  As a result, agricultural production is still far from optimal.  In addition, rice straw left alone in rice fields can become a nesting place for pests such as rats, leafhoppers, and others.  Therefore, it is necessary to transfer information on appropriate science and technology, which is environmentally friendly, to overcome the problems of farmers in Pangkalan Gelebak.  One way to overcome this is to provide counseling about the importance of processing rice straw into biofertilizers to increase production, train, guide, and practice techniques for making biofertilizers made from rice straw to increase agricultural production, especially rice, and practicing application techniques for biofertilizer made from rice straw.  Rice straw is the raw material for rice plants for farmers in Pangkalan Gelebak Village.  The method used is to make demonstration plots of rice plants organically, counseling about the importance of processing rice straw into biofertilizers to increase production, carried out from February to June 2018.  The results of using 400 kg/ha + 50 % chemical fertilizers can increase rice production from 3,5 tons/ha to 5,6 tons/ha (60,00% increase) when compared to using chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN JERAMI UNTUK PRODUK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN UKM MELALUI PROSES KEMPA = Utilization of Straw as SME Environmental Friendly Products via Felts Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Pandu Purwandaru
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
Press Method ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Structural Adhesive

Indonesia is the third largest quantity of rice production country in the world with 64 millions metric tons per year. The quantity of rice that produced is running parallel to the quantity of hay, it can be seen from the harvest per kg to produce 1 to 1,5 kg of rice straw or 64-96 million tons per year. 62% of rice straw burned or used as animal feed, so that when burned, it will cause global warming and also pollution. One effort to provide more value of straw material is to process into products of small medium enterprises (SME), straw treatment alternative chosen was to compacting presses using heat and environmentally friendly adhesives. The method can be a new alternative in the processing of SME products that made by rice straw materials, because rice straw is mostly processed usingwoven. Press method is also a simple method that is commonly found in several SMEs in Indonesia. The output of this research is SMEs product and stationary product was choosen as the sample.Experiments structural adhesive is used internally (binderless) and external (gum rosin and gum damar cat’s eye). Visual experiment divided into the natural character, natural dyes and primarystaining. From the experimental results, we conclude that the best structure is generated from an external adhesive resins cat eye with the quantity of adhesive 20% and visual experiment results isvariation to create a design with a variety of natural visual character of rice straw to modern. Keywords: rice straw, press, environmentally friendly, SMEAbstrakIndonesia merupakan negara dengan kuantitas produksi padi terbesar ketiga di dunia yaitu 64 juta metrik ton. Kuantitas padi yang melimpah tersebut berjalan paralel dengan kuantitas jerami yangdihasilkan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari per 1 kg beras menghasilkan 1 sampai 1,5 kg jerami atau 64-96 juta ton per tahunnya. Mayoritas (62%) jerami dibakar atau dijadikan pakan ternak, apabila dibakarsecara tidak langsung akan menyebabkan pemanasan global serta polusi disekitarnya. Salah satu upaya untuk memberikan nilai lebih material jerami yaitu dengan mengolahnya menjadi produk UKM,alternatif pengolahan jerami yang dipilih adalah dengan metode pemadatan melalui proses kempa panas dan perekat ramah lingkungan. Metode tersebut bisa menjadi variasi baru dalam pengolahan produk UKM jerami, karena saat ini kebanyakan jerami diolah dengan menggunakan teknik anyam. Metode press merupakan metode sederhana yang sudah biasa ditemukan di beberapa UKM diIndonesia. Output dari penelitian ini adalah produk UKM dengan sampel produk perkantoran stationary yang ramah lingkungan. Eksperimen struktur menggunakan perekat internal (binderless)dan eksternal (gondorukem dan getah damar mata kucing), eksperimen visual dibagi atas karakter natural, pewarnaan alam dan primer. Dari hasil eksperimen tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwastruktur terbaik adalah yang dihasilkan dari perekat eksternal damar mata kucing dengan kuantitas perekat 20 % dan visual adalah variasi desain dengan berbagai karakter visual dari natural hinggamodern. Kata kunci : jerami, press, ramah lingkungan, UKM

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