URSS/PVA/WP Composite Materials: Preparation and Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Bo Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
And Performance

A novel kind of environmentally friendly composite materials containing upper part of rice straw segments (URSS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and waste paper (WP) were prepared by hot-pressing at 140°C for 10 min. The tensile strength, tensile elongation and hardness of composites were measured. Results showed that the tensile strength and the strength at tensile break of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing PVA content. Tensile strength was higher than the strength at tensile break at different PVA contents, indicating that URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had certain toughness. Otherwise, URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had higher tensile strength than URSS/PVA composites. The tensile strengths of them were respectively 9.25 MPa and 3.9 MPa when prepared at PVA content of 40%. The hardness of composites lay between 90 and 96. Negligible difference exists in every composite.

Comparative Study on the Composites with Chopped Different Parts of Rice Straw as Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Jian Mei Yin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
Different Parts

The upper part and lower part of rice straw were respectively used as raw materials to prepare composites with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by hot-pressing at 140°C for 10 min. The performance differences of two kinds of composites were studied. Results showed that composites prepared with upper-part rice straw had higher tensile strength, strength at tensile break and hardness than that with lower-part rice straw. But the tensile elongation of composite prepared with upper-part rice straw was lower than that with upper-part rice straw. Difference ratio of tensile strength is higher than 6% and difference ratio of tensile elongation is higher than 16%. These differences were related to morphology and structure of upper-part rice straw and lower-part rice straw. Two parts of rice straw are both hollow, but upper-part rice straw has thinner holes. So the defect ratio of composite prepared with upper-part rice straw was low.

Study on Season Factor in the Preparation of PVA/RS Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1171-1174
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Winter Sample ◽  
Summer Sample

The effect of season factor on the performances of poly (vinyl alcohol)/rice straw (PVA/RS) composites prepared by hot-pressing was studied. Two forms of RS, including shortcut RS and RS wires, were used to prepare composite. For PVA/ shortcut RS composites, samples of winter showed higher tensile strength and strength at tensile fracture at different PVA contents than that of summer. When PVA content is 50%, tensile strength of winter sample is 136% higher than that of summer sample and strength at tensile fracture of winter sample is 320% higher than that of summer sample. In addition, samples of winter showed lower tensile stretch and higher hardness at different PVA contents than that of summer. For PVA/RS wire composites, the comparison results are similar. These indicated that season is an important factor for preparing plant based composite with PVA as adhesive.

Preparation and Performance of CGFS Reinforced PVA/RSP Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Xian Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Main Material

Application of chopped glass fiber strand (CGFS) in rice straw based composite was studied and the reinforcing effect of CGFS was evaluated. Rice straw powder (RSP) was used as main material and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was selected as adhesive agent. Composites were prepared by hot-pressing method at 10 MPa pressure, 140 °C for 10 min, with the mass ratio of RSP to PVA of 4:3. Results showed that the tensile strength of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing CGFS amount. When the mass ratio of CGFS to RSP was 7:15, the composite reached its maximum strength of 20.47 MPa. CGFS showed obvious reinforcing effect. Strength at tensile break showed similar change law and tensile strength equaled to or was slightly higher than the strength at tensile break. The tensile elongations of all composites with CGFS were higher than 20%, proving the toughening role of CGFS. The hardness of composites showed certain non-uniformity and lay between 87 and 96. Negligible difference existed in every composite.

Composite of Shortcut Grass and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Preparation and Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1179-1182
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Yu Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
And Performance

The environmentally friendly composite of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and shortcut grass were prepared by hot-pressing method. First, dry grass was cut into 1.5 cm long segments. Then, shortcut grass was mixed with PVA by using water as medium. The mixed uniformly raw materials were hot-pressed at different temperatures for different times. The effects of raw material ratio, hot-pressing temperature and hot-pressing temperature on composites performance were studied. Results showed that composites tensile strength increases with the increase of PVA content. Tensile strength reaches 3.59 MPa at 50% of PVA content. The tensile fracture stretch increases with PVA content and reaches 25.28% when PVA content is 50%. The tensile strength first increases and then decreases with the increase of hot-pressing temperature and hot-pressing temperature. The hardness of composite is uneven. Hardness at 20% of PVA content is lower slightly than that at other PVA contents.

WP Enhanced PVA/LRSS Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 291-294
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Tensile Strength Increase

Composites with the chopped segments of lower part of rice straw (LRSS) as main constituent, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as adhesive constituent and waste paper (WP) as enhancing constituent were prepared by hot-pressing method. WP showed good enhancing role and certain toughening effect. WP made tensile strength increase by 86% and strength at tensile break by 69%; when composites were prepared at 40% PVA content, 140°C for 10 min. The tensile stretch and stretch at maximum tensile force of WP enhanced composite were respectively 16.5% and 14.3%, while those were respectively 12.3% and 11.9% without WP. The tensile strength of the composites increased with increasing PVA content. From 20% PVA content to 50% PVA content, tensile strength increased by 42.8%. When PVA content was 50%, the composite reached its maximum strength of 8.71 MPa. The hardness of composites lay between 91 and 97.

Effect of the Amount of Water Medium on Short-Cut Rice Straw Based Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Yang Bo
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Fluctuation Range ◽  
Strength Difference

A series of such composites of poly (vinyl alcohol) and short-cut rice straw were prepared by hot-pressing method at different water medium amounts. And the effects of medium amount on the strength, elongation and hardness of composites were studied. Results indicate tensile strength of composite prepared with 5 mL medium is 119% higher than that with 10 mL medium at formula of 18 g rice straw and 12 g poly (vinyl alcohol). And this kind of strength difference is 98% higher at formula of 15 g rice straw and 15 g poly (vinyl alcohol). Elongation at break is 17.85% when 5 mL medium, 12 g poly (vinyl alcohol) and 18 g short-cut rice straw were used. However, it reaches 21.46% when 10 mL medium was used. The hardness fluctuation range shows no difference when preparation conditions were changed. But samples prepared with 5 mL medium roughly show higher hardness than that prepared with 10 mL medium.

Trial-Preparation of RSS Based Composite Containing GF

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Xiang Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mass Ratio

In order to explore the enhancing method of rice straw based composites, glass fiber (GF) was introduced into the preparation of composites of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and rice straw slice (RSS). The tensile performances and hardness of composites were characterized. Results showed that GF had obvious enhancing role on PVA/RSS composites. The tensile strength of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing GF amount. When the mass ratio of RSS, PVA and GF was 20:15:7, the composite reached its maximum strength of 23.45 MPa, which increased by 1.49 times compared to the composites without GF. The strength at tensile break of composites increased with the increase of GF amount. The maximum of strength at tensile break was 23.12 MPa when GF amount was 9 g. The stretch of composites first increased and then decreased with increasing GF amount. The addition of GF had no effect on the hardness of composites.

scholarly journals Regulation Mechanism of Graphene Oxide on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Gel-Spun Lignin/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Jin ◽  
Yuanyuan Jing ◽  
Wenxin Hu ◽  
Jiaxian Lin ◽  
Yu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Composite Fibers

Abstract Lignin has been used as a sustainable and eco-friendly filler in composite fibers. However, lignin aggregation occurred at high lignin content, which significantly hindered the further enhancement of fiber performance. The incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) enhanced the mechanical properties of the lignin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers and affected their structure. With the GO content increasing from 0 to 0.2%, the tensile strength of 5% lignin/PVA fibers increased from 491 MPa to 631 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.91 GPa to 6.61 GPa. GO reinforced 30% lignin/PVA fibers also showed the same trend. The tensile strength increased from 455 MPa to 553 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.39 GPa to 7 GPa. The best mechanical performance was observed in PVA fibers containing 5% lignin and 0.2% GO, which had an average tensile strength of 631 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 6.61 GPa. The toughness values of these fibers are between 9.9-15.6 J/g, and the fibrillar and ductile fracture microstructure were observed. Structure analysis of fibers showed that GO reinforced 5% lignin/PVA fibers had higher crystallinity, and evidence of hydrogen bonding among GO, lignin, and PVA in the gel fibers was revealed. Further, water resistance and swelling behavior of composite PVA fibers were studied to further evidence the structure change of composite fibers.

Characterization and comparison of properties of cryogenic conditioned CNT reinforced thermoset (epoxy) and thermoplastic (poly vinyl alcohol) composite yarns

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110417
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Fujun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
Thermoset Epoxy ◽  
New Generation

Carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber/yarn reinforced composites are considered as a new generation of advanced materials for applications in aerospace and space industry. In this study, two types of CNT composite yarns were produced by twisting CNT films and infiltrating with thermoset epoxy (EP) and thermoplastic poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) resins. The tensile strength of CNT/PVA and CNT/EP composite yarn was 409.91 MPa and 206.87 MPa, much higher than that of pure CNT yarn (129.94 MPa). After mono-cryogenic condition, the mechanical and electrical properties of CNT/EP and CNT/PVA composite yarns were both enhanced due to the structure reorder of the CNT bundles and improvement of interfacial bonding. However, after 60 times cyclic-cryogenic conditions, CNT/EP composite yarn showed a ∼10% degradation of tensile strength; while CNT/PVA composite yarn exhibited 6% increment. This study provides fundamental data of the CNT reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composite yarns for their practical applications in cryogenic environment.

scholarly journals Macroporous Composite Cryogels with Embedded Polystyrene Divinylbenzene Microparticles for the Adsorption of Toxic Metabolites from Blood

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Eichhorn ◽  
Alexander E. Ivanov ◽  
Maria B. Dainiak ◽  
André Leistner ◽  
Ingrid Linsberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Extracorporeal Blood Purification ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Composite monolithic adsorbents were prepared by the incorporation of neutral polystyrene divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) microparticles into macroporous polymer structures produced by cryogelation of agarose or poly(vinyl alcohol). The composite materials exhibited excellent flow-through properties. Scanning electron microscopy of the composite cryogels revealed that the microparticles were covered by thin films of poly(vinyl alcohol) or agarose and thus were withheld in the monolith structure. Plain PS-DVB microparticles showed efficient adsorption of albumin-bound toxins related to liver failure (bilirubin and cholic acid) and of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6). The rates of adsorption and the amount of adsorbed factors were lower for the embedded microparticles as compared to the parent PS-DVB microparticles, indicating the importance of the accessibility of the adsorbent pores. Still, the macroporous composite materials showed efficient adsorption of albumin-bound toxins related to liver failure as well as efficient binding of cytokines, combined with good blood compatibility. Thus, the incorporation of microparticles into macroporous polymer structures may provide an option for the development of adsorption modules for extracorporeal blood purification.

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