scholarly journals Is it fair that advanced workers get paid disproportionally more: economic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kosheleva ◽  
Sean R. Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labor Share ◽  
Additional Payments ◽  
Empirical Fact ◽  
Strong Disagreement ◽  
Equal Work ◽  
The One ◽  
Negative Feelings

PurposeOn the one hand, everyone agrees that economics should be fair, that workers should get equal pay for equal work. Any instance of unfairness causes a strong disagreement. On the other hand, in many companies, advanced workers – who produce more than others – get paid disproportionally more for their work, and this does not seem to cause any negative feelings. In this paper, the authors analyze this situation from the economic viewpoint.Design/methodology/approachTo analyze the problem, the authors use general mathematical models of how utility – and hence, decisions – depends on the pay-per-unit.FindingsThe authors show that from the economic viewpoint, additional payments for advanced workers indeed make economic sense, benefit everyone, and thus – in contrast to the naive literal interpretation of fairness – are not unfair. As a consequence of this analysis, the authors also explain why the labor share of the companies' income is, on average, close to 50% – an empirical fact that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, was never previously explained.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that explains the empirical fact – that the labor share of the income is close to 50%.

How Phillips saw the light

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Business World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Freak Show ◽  
The World ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings The problem with developing a reputation of being something of an oracle in the business world is that all of a sudden, everyone expects you to pull off the trick of interpreting the future on a daily basis. Like a freak show circus act or one-hit wonder pop singer, people expect you to perform when they see you, and they expect you to perform the thing that made you famous, even if it is the one thing in the world you don’t want to do. And when you fail to deliver on these heightened expectations, you are dismissed as a one trick pony, however good that trick is in the first place. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Design and vibration analysis of a self-adaptive piston in a novel nanoimprint system

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-597
Author(s):  
Chaoran Liu ◽  
Yufeng Su ◽  
Jinzhao Yue ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Weiwei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Piston Rings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The One ◽  
Self Adaptive

Purpose A self-adaptive piston is designed for the compressional gas cushion press nanoimprint lithography system. It avoids the lube pollution and high wear of traditional piston. Design/methodology/approach The self-adaptive piston device consists of symmetrical piston bodies, piston rings and other parts. The two piston bodies are linked by a ball-screw. The locking nut adjusts the distance between two piston bodies to avoid the piston rings from being stuck. The piston rings are placed between two piston bodies. Findings The simulation results based on COMSOL indicate that cylinder vibration caused by self-adaptive piston is 15.9 times smaller than the one caused by a traditional piston. Originality/value The self-adaptive piston is superior to the traditional piston in decreasing cylinder vibration.

Design thinking in hospitality education and research

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospitality Education ◽  
Disciplinary Problems ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The One ◽  
Functional Areas

Purpose This paper aims to outline why design thinking is an engaging process and provide a methodical framework to approach complex, multi-disciplinary problems in ways that consistently yield solutions that are successful and often creative in unpredictable ways. It is a framework for thinking about complex, multidisciplinary problems and the one that applies to just about anything. Design/methodology/approach Service design is all about taking a service and making it meet the user and customer needs for that service. It can be used to improve an existing service or to create a new service from scratch. To adapt to service design, the designer will need to understand the basic principles of service design thinking and be able to focus on it. Findings This paper explores the possibilities for applying design thinking in the hospitality industry in general and hospitality education and research in particular. The functional areas of the hospitality profession are explored, evaluated and then integrated as a holistic design to provide coherence, connectivity and linkages. Originality/value The paper illustrates an application of design thinking to hospitality research and education.

Stabilised MLS in MLPG method for heat conduction problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1323-1345
Author(s):  
Rituraj Singh ◽  
Krishna Mohan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Heat Conduction Problem ◽  
Moving Least Squares ◽  
Moment Matrix ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patch Tests ◽  
Mlpg Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Method Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of the stabilised moving least squares (MLS) scheme in the meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method for heat conduction method. Design/methodology/approach In the current work, the authors extend the stabilised MLS approach to the MLPG method for heat conduction problem. Its performance has been compared with the MLPG method based on the standard MLS and local coordinate MLS. The patch tests of MLS and modified MLS schemes have been presented along with the one- and two-dimensional examples for MLPG method of the heat conduction problem. Findings In the stabilised MLS, the condition number of moment matrix is independent of the nodal spacing and it is nearly constant in the global domain for all grid sizes. The shifted polynomials based MLS and stabilised MLS approaches are more robust than the standard MLS scheme in the MLPG method analysis of heat conduction problems. Originality/value The MLPG method based on the stabilised MLS scheme.

Do anti-discrimination laws alleviate labour market duality?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1361
Author(s):  
Hoon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Employment Insurance ◽  
Part Time

PurposeThis paper examines whether and how labour market duality can be alleviated through legislation that prohibits discrimination based on employment type.Design/methodology/approachIn 2007, the Korean government undertook a labour reform banning discriminatory treatment against fixed-term, part-time and dispatched workers. By exploiting a gradual implementation of the anti-discrimination law by firm size targeting a subset of non-regular workers, the paper identifies the treatment effects of the anti-discrimination law, taking a difference-in-difference-in-differences approach.FindingsThe results suggest that the anti-discrimination law significantly increases hourly wages and the probabilities of being covered by national pension, health insurance, and employment insurance for targeted non-regular workers in small firms relative to other workers. Anticipatory behaviours of employers and selective transitions of employees in response to the implementation of the anti-discrimination law do not underlie the estimated effects. The presence of labour unions contributes to reducing gaps in labour conditions between regular workers and targeted non-regular workers.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on causal impacts of equal pay legislation on the gaps in labour conditions between different categories of workers, using a difference-in-difference-in-differences estimation.

(In)Visibilization through decolonial delinking? Disrupting the permanently neglected disaster at the border of Colombia and Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-942
Author(s):  
Johannes M. Waldmueller
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Local Dimension ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Decolonial Theory ◽  
The One

PurposeThe geopolitical relevance of the region with regard to clandestine and market interests exerting ecological pressures over mangroves and artisanal fishing thus raises awareness with regard to the local disaster's potentially global dimension. Delinking thus suggests divergent visibilization strategies regarding the narratives and framings of the region.Design/methodology/approachReflecting on previous ethnographic and quantitative research on the impacted livelihoods in the Canton of Muisne (Ecuador) in the aftermath of the earthquake of April 2016, this article explores some disruptive dimensions of the permanent disaster in the predominantly black Ecuadorian–Colombian border region.FindingsBy drawing on decolonial theory, as well as by shifting between a mainstream narrative of the disaster, on the one hand, and a “delinked narrative,” on the other, this article is in line with more recent publications arguing that neither local and time bound accounts of vulnerability, ethnicity and (in)visibility, nor mainstream depictions of a “lack of development” are able to generate the required knowledge to disrupt from this permanently neglected disaster.Originality/valueIn order to understand the disaster beyond its ostensibly local dimension, economic, environmental, as well as the geopolitical considerations are suggested, resulting in a different framing of the disaster.

Plurality within contemporary organizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista E. Khilji ◽  
Edward F. Murphy ◽  
Regina A. Greenwood ◽  
Bahaudin G. Mujtaba
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The One ◽  
Employee Needs

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to expand the burgeoning research, which provides evidence relating to the influence of religion upon work-related values. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employed a survey methodology to collect data across seven countries and six religions. Findings – The study provides evidence of differences as well as similarities in the way people belonging to different religions rank personal values. Thus, on the one hand, the authors can argue that religion helps shape our behavior and attitudes in the workplace, whilst at the same time, however, accepting the converging influence of globalization and/or the universality of some values that they include in their analysis. This finding leads the authors to focus upon a complex pattern of value variations and similarities across religions. Originality/value – Overall, the findings provide a glimpse into what the paper interprets as (just one dimension of) plurality within contemporary organizations to support the paradox perspective, popularized by Lewis and Smith and Lewis, who contend that organizations embed multiple tensions and dilemmas in an ongoing cyclical process. Hence the paper argues that the similarities and differences across religious affiliations are not “either/or” choices but dualities that must be dynamically balanced in order to simultaneously meet multiple employee needs. The paper concludes that managers and employees need to articulate and embrace paradoxes related to religion, in order to create an awareness of the influence of religion that leads to being inclusive.

Hopes and fears

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – To say it is tough for business organizations today would be a massive understatement. Thanks largely to globalization and technological developments, the operating environment has arguably become more competitive than ever before. Firms thus need to constantly evolve in order to meet the array of new challenges which regularly face them. For those unable to adapt, survival and prosperity may ultimately be elusive. Change has invariably proved to be something of a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can signal opportunity and prompt excitement and anticipation. But many others see change in terms of threat. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Twenty years after the Porter Report for Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor da Conceição Gonçalves ◽  
Fernando Ribeiro Mendes ◽  
Idalina Dias Sardinha ◽  
Ricardo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Michael Porter ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Portuguese Economy ◽  
The Portuguese Economy ◽  
The One

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the contribution of the Porter Report toward increasing the competitiveness of the Portuguese economy and highlights the factors that affected its operationalization. Design/methodology/approach – This paper considers the contributions of the Porter Report, entitled “Building the Competitive Advantages of Portugal”, presented in 1994, particularly with regard to the recommended clusters and public policies, as well as the assessment and warnings provided by Michael Porter in 2002, examining both in the present perspective. Findings – Although Michael Porter, in 2002, made a critical judgment about the country’s evolution since the 1994 report, it is clear that, on the one hand, the recommended development model attracted high attention and had positive repercussion in academic and business circles, while on the other hand, some of the objectives were achieved, albeit at a slower pace than would have been desirable. Political and economic context and the time period are relevant for all technological and geostrategic changes, among others. The accuracy of the diagnosis and the development model proposed by Michael Porter is confirmed and the difficulty in its implementation is highlighted. Originality/value – The analysis of the Portuguese evolution after Porter’s recommendations is instrumental in understanding the competitiveness and development challenges faced by a small peripheral economy in the European integration process. Understanding these difficulties and successes is of utmost importance in improving the definition and in the implementation of policies focused on the competitiveness of countries and regions.

How can health professionals contribute to the internet of things body of knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dadkhah ◽  
Mohammad Lagzian ◽  
Gabriele Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Paradigm ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The One ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Technical People ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Purpose Internet of Things (IoT) as the new technological paradigm has found many applications in different domains. Nowadays, more than 30,000 records related to IoT research can be accessed in Scopus (Scopus.com). Health care is the one of domains which benefits from IoT. However, observations indicate that most active researchers in this area are technical people not health professionals. The purpose of this paper is to understand how health professionals can contribute to the IoT body of knowledge. Design/methodology/approach IoT professionals are asked to provide their views regarding research concerns, and the collected data are analyzed by phenomenography research methodology. Findings Findings indicate that health professionals can contribute through providing information, requirement or standards for developing IoT systems or devices. They can also introduce new applications or domains for which IoT is fit. Originality/value This paper tries to fill the gap concerning the lack of attention to undertaking IoT-related research from health professionals’ side and highlights ways that health professionals can contribute IoT body of knowledge.

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