MIMO antenna miniaturization standards for future 5G

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Katragadda ◽  
PVY Jayasree
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Trade Offs

PurposeThe fifth-generation technology 5G, the planned successor to 4G, is a new global standard for mobile networks that brings virtual to reality. 5G wireless technology enables the delivery of high speed, low latency, reliability, 100% coverage and availability to connect number of users as in massive IoT applications.Design/methodology/approachWith expeditious development in wireless communication, the need for enhanced characteristic antenna design such as the size of the antenna, high data rate, demand in traffic, bandwidth, gain and efficiency increases. Various antenna designs are to be explored to meet the needs and achieve trade-offs between antenna size vs cost, high gain and efficiency vs less loss, high B.W and data rate with the selection of appropriate substrate materials and various gain & isolation enhancement techniques.FindingsThis paper thus gives scope for miniaturized MIMO antenna design for mobile applications at mm-wave frequency range.Originality/valueThis paper thus gives scope for miniaturized MIMO antenna design for mobile applications at mm-wave frequency range.

scholarly journals High-speed data provision via mobile networks in Latin America and the Caribbean

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Curwen ◽  
Jason Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Data Provision ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
The Media ◽  
New Entry

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine in a fully up-to-date manner the position in respect of the licensing and launch of long-term evolution (LTE) (4G) in a region that attracts relatively little attention in academic work and the media. The purpose is also to examine the role of incumbency and to assess to what extent the licensing of LTE can make a difference to the structure of mobile markets in the region. Design/methodology/approach The first step has been to compile extensive databases with respect to the licensing and launch of high-speed networks in the region, arranged so as to emphasize the position of the dominant incumbents. A distinction is drawn between the larger, mainly Latin American, countries and the smaller, mainly Caribbean, islands. There is a discussion of new entry and its potential to disrupt incumbents. Findings The position of dominance held by two operators – América Móvil and Telefonica in the larger countries and by Digicel and Cable & Wireless Communications (Liberty Global) in the islands – is brought to the fore, and the analysis demonstrates that this is unlikely to be more than marginally affected by regulatory attempts to restructure markets by, for example, fostering new entry. Research limitations/implications This is necessarily an overview paper as more than 50 countries/islands are covered, so detailed individual country studies are precluded. Practical implications The way forward, such as it is, can only be illuminated by first clarifying the current state of play. Originality/value The databases that underpin the analysis are author-compiled and entirely original.

Cordate-shaped UWB-MIMO antenna with notch band characteristic and high isolation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Pannu ◽  
Devendra Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Good Agreement

Purpose This paper aims to design a most demanding low profile and compact ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna system for various wireless applications. The performance (in terms of data rate) of UWB system is improved by using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology with it. Owing to the overlap of other existing licensed bands with that of UWB, electromagnetic signals can interfere. So, notched band UWB MIMO antenna system reported here which is highly compact, bandwidth efficient, superior data rate and high inter-element isolation comparatively to other reported designs. Design/methodology/approach A 49 × 49 × 1.6 mm3 quad-port UWB MIMO antenna with specific bandwidth elimination property is designed. The proposed planar MIMO configuration comprises unique four identical “Cordate-shaped” monopole radiators fed by 2.3-mm thick microstrip-lines. The radiators are located right-angled to each other to enhance inter-element isolation. Further, a different approach of slitted-substrate is applied to minimize the overall size and mutual coupling of the MIMO antenna, as a substitute of decoupling and matching structures. The defected ground structure is used to obtain −10 dB impedance bandwidth in entire UWB band, without compromising with the lower cut-off frequency response. Further, to eliminate the undesired resonant band (WLAN at 5.5 GHz) from UWB, a rounded split ring resonator is introduced in monopole patch. Findings In the entire operating band of 2.8 to 11 GHz, isolation among elements is more than 24 dB, envelope correlation coefficient less than 0.002, diversity gain greater than 9.99 dB and TARC less than −7 dB are obtained at all 4-ports. Research limitations/implications The measured parameters of the fabricated prototype antenna on FR4 substrate are found in good agreement with the simulated results. The small variation in software results and hardware results are observed due to hardware design limitations. Practical implications The proposed design may be used for any wireless application following in the range of UWB. Originality/value It can be shown from graphs of measured parameters of the fabricated prototype antenna. They found to be in good agreement with the simulated results.

scholarly journals Multi-Array Wideband Slotted MIMO Microstrip Patch Antenna

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1094-1098
Author(s):  
Jitendra Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Wideband Antenna ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
High Bandwidth

As per the advancement of wireless technologies, 5G will be the next break-through which will be capable to taking data rate in Gbps speed. But to sustain such higher bandwidth as well as reducing signal blocking at such high frequencies, MIMO antenna must be implemented. MIMO antenna is capable of high speed transmission with lesser interference. In this paper, Different MIMO antenna with slots and wideband antenna designs has been discussed. It is found that multi-Array MIMO antenna designs performs better at high bandwidth and show lesser attenuation.

scholarly journals High-speed data in Africa: an assessment of provision via mobile networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Curwen ◽  
Jason Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Data Networks ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
High Speed Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the current provision of high-speed data networks in the African continent, in particular taking into account both licences and launches related to long-term evolution (LTE). Design/methodology/approach An up-to-date underlying database of licences and launches relating to LTE in Africa has been compiled. There is also a review of the international operators that are playing a significant role in LTE provision. A number of individual country case studies are considered. Issues of corruption are addressed. Findings Africa is interesting because it has been a laggard in the development of high-speed data networks, but now finds itself in a position to leapfrog 3G technologies, and hence close the gap that had opened up compared to, for example, Europe and Asia. This process is effectively assisted by the lack of fixed-wire connectivity but has to take account of the difficulty of attracting the requisite investment. Research limitations/implications Databases relating to Africa are always difficult to compile. Originality/value Published work relating to mobile networks in Africa is not plentiful, and it is difficult to find relevant data in the public domain. A key aspect of the paper is that the database is entirely up-to-date.

High-speed data provision by mobile networks in the Asia-Pacific region

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-243
Author(s):  
Peter Curwen ◽  
Jason Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Provision ◽  
High Speed Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine in a fully up-to-date manner the position in respect to the licensing and launch of long-term evolution (LTE) in a region that attracts relatively little attention when treated as a whole because the emphasis is usually upon the very large individual markets (China, India and Japan) contained within it. The purpose is also to examine the role of international groups and the extent to which the licensing of LTE can make a difference to the structure of mobile markets in the region. Design/methodology/approach The initial step was to compile extensive databases with respect to the licensing and launch of high-speed networks in the region – defined both narrowly and also to encompass countries that are often treated as part of the Middle East – arranged so as to emphasise the status of dominant incumbents. There is a discussion of new entry and its potential to disrupt incumbents. Findings For historical reasons, the region contains countries that have strong differences whether defined in terms of economic, social or cultural characteristics, and hence it has not been easy for a network with international aspirations to expand outside its home market nor for, say, European-based operators to gain a foothold. Attempts to introduce competition via new licences has also been problematic because of the strong, and sometimes very large, incumbents already present. Research limitations/implications This is necessarily an overview that uses selected data to describe the overall picture because of the substantial number of quite different markets surveyed. Practical implications It is possible to forecast how certain structural changes will occur – primarily the withdrawal of international groups such as Millicom that prefer to concentrate upon other regions. Originality/value The databases that underpin the analysis are author-compiled and entirely original.

scholarly journals Design of CPW antenna for network applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2525
Author(s):  
R. Sanmugasundaram ◽  
D. Dileepan ◽  
S. Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Cctv Surveillance ◽  
Peak Gain

The novel CPW antenna design consists of monopole, which can used for High speed wide area or local area corporate networks and Video & CCTV surveillance networks and Long-range Rural connectivity. This antenna has been designed with design size parameters of 59.5(L) x 30 (W) x 1.6-(H) mm2, the dielectric constant of FR4 substrate is 4.4, and loss tangent of 0.002 is used. The resonant frequency range of this proposed antenna is 5.85 - 6.6 GHz with return loss above of -10dB achieved. The peak gain of this antenna is 5.5dBi and in addition the S, Z-parameters, VSWR, 2D & 3D radiation pattern are also derived. Good results are achieved after simulation.  

Multiple-input multiple-output antenna for dual-band applications with a novel radiating patch and enhanced feeding network

Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashar Zehforoosh ◽  
Payam Alemi
Keyword(s):  
Local Area Network ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Slot Length

Purpose An Elephant trunk shape (ETS) radiating element is used to achieve the two covering bands of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna. These frequency bands can be controlled by the length of a slot embedded in ETS. The slot length in ETS plays a defining role in controlling the impedance bandwidth (IBW) of the MIMO antenna, and its diligent adjustment of it leads to cover the frequency range of Bluetooth and Wireless Local Area Network systems. Design/methodology/approach A new MIMO antenna is introduced in this paper in conjunction with an enhanced Wilkinson power divider feeding platform. Findings These frequency bands can be controlled by the length of a slot embedded in ETS. The slot length in ETS plays a defining role in controlling the IBW of the MIMO antenna, and its diligent adjustment leads to covering the frequency range of Bluetooth and WLAN systems. Originality/value The proposed MIMO antenna benefits from good isolation between ports for both frequency bands. The proposed MIMO antenna is constructed on FR4 substrate with a volume of 90 × 134 × 1.6 mm3.

Low-cost multi-objective optimization and experimental validation of UWB MIMO antenna

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1246-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slawomir Koziel ◽  
Adrian Bekasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Computational Costs ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Response Correction

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to validate methodologies for expedited multi-objective design optimization of complex antenna structures both numerically and experimentally. Design/methodology/approach – The task of identifying the best possible trade-offs between the antenna size and its electrical performance is formulated as multi-objective optimization problem. Algorithmic frameworks are described for finding Pareto-optimal designs using auxiliary surrogate models and two alternative approaches to design refinement: response correction techniques and co-kriging. Numerical and experimental case studies are provided to demonstrate feasibility of solving real-world and complex antenna design tasks. Findings – It is possible, through appropriate combination of the surrogate modeling techniques (both data driven and physics based) and response correction methods, to find the set of alternative designs representing the best possible trade-offs between conflicting design objectives, here, electrical performance and size. Design optimization can be performed at practically feasible computational costs. Research limitations/implications – The study demonstrates feasibility of automated multi-objective design optimization of antennas at low computational cost. The presented techniques reach beyond the commonly used design approaches based on parameter sweeps and similar hands-on methods, particularly in terms of automation, reliability and reduction of the computational costs of the design processes. Originality/value – Multi-objective design of antenna structures is very challenging when high-fidelity electromagnetic simulations are utilized for performance evaluation of the structure at hand. The proposed design framework permits rapid optimization of complex structures (here, MIMO antenna), which is hardly possible using conventional methods.

Influence of ageing treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties and adhesive wear behaviour of 6063 aluminium alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Büyükdoğan ◽  
Süleyman Gündüz ◽  
Mustafa Türkmen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Strain Ageing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Static Strain ◽  
Structural Applications

Purpose – The paper aims to provide new observations about static strain ageing in aluminium (Al) alloys which are widely used in structural applications. Design/methodology/approach – The present work aims to provide theoretical and practical information to industries or researchers who may be interested in the effect of static strain ageing on mechanical properties of Al alloys. The data are sorted into the following sections: introduction, materials and experimental procedure, results and discussion and conclusions. Findings – Tensile strength, proof strength (0.2 per cent) and percentage elongation measurement were used to investigate the effect of strain ageing on the mechanical properties. Wear tests were performed by sliding the pin specimens, which were prepared from as-received, solution heat-treated, deformed and undeformed specimens after ageing, on high-speed tool steel (64 HRC). It is concluded that the variations in ageing time improved the strength and wear resistance of the 6063 Al alloy; however, a plastically deformed solution-treated alloy has higher strength and wear resistance than undeformed specimens for different ageing times at 180°C. Practical implications – A very useful source of information for industries using or planning to produce Al alloys. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified resource need and offers practical help to the industries.

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