Voluntary part-time and mandatory full-time telecommuting: a comparative longitudinal analysis of the impact of managerial, work and individual characteristics on job performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Tariq Jamal ◽  
Imran Anwar ◽  
Nawab Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Job Autonomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Support Work ◽  
Three Phases

PurposeBased on self-determination theory (SDT), the present study aims to assess the effect of managerial (manager trust and support), work (job autonomy) and individual (intrinsic motivation) characteristics on job performance of telecommuters in a pre- and post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak period and is further studied longitudinally after six months of continued mandatory telecommuting.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from information technology (IT) sector employees in three phases and model fitness, reliability and validity of the data for all three phases were assessed through CFA models, while the hypotheses were tested through path analysis.FindingsPerceived manager trust and support increases job performance and the effect strengthens with an increase in telecommuting extent. Job autonomy had similar effects with the exception that employees did not enjoy autonomy when mandatory telecommuting arrangement was initially introduced. Lastly, intrinsic motivation fades away as employees continue to work permanently from their homes.Practical implicationsPermanent full-time telecommuting is expected to continue for the unforeseeable future; the present study suggests that while ensuring increased trust, support and job autonomy to employees, managers must also ensure that employees do not feel professionally isolated and attempt to keep individuals intrinsically motivated.Originality/valueThe authors assess the effect of managerial (manager trust and support), work (job autonomy) and individual (intrinsic motivation) characteristics on job performance under three different types of telecommuting arrangements (voluntary part-time, mandatory full-time and continued mandatory full-time) by collecting data in three different time frames from the same individuals.

The impact of pay-for-performance perception and pay level satisfaction on employee work attitudes and extra-role behaviors

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ren ◽  
Ruolian Fang ◽  
Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Work Attitudes ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Satisfaction ◽  
Role Behaviors

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of pay-for-performance (PFP) perception and pay level satisfaction on work attitudes (job satisfaction, turnover intention and affective commitment) and extra-role behaviors (discretionary effort and interpersonal helping), and further, how three aspects of conditional factors – intrinsic motivation, leader–member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS) – moderate the main-effect relationships. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted at a Chinese private-owned company in the beauty industry, and a survey was conducted with the frontline employees in each office, asking information about their perceptions and attitudes toward the PFP scheme implemented in the company, work attitudes and performance, individual characteristics and their perceptions of group and organizational characteristics. Findings Results show that PFP perception and pay level satisfaction are significant predictors of work attitudes and extra-role behaviors. Further, depending on the specific work outcome examined, the three conditioning factors are found to strengthen the hypothesized main-effect relationships. The findings of the study have important theoretical and practical implications for the implementation of PFP schemes in organizations. Originality/value The findings contribute to the scholarship on PFP schemes in two ways. First, the findings show that PFP perception and pay level satisfaction are important for understanding employee work attitudes and extra-role behaviors. Second, the investigation of the moderating roles that intrinsic motivation, LMX and POS play in the relationships of PFP perception and pay level satisfaction with the work outcomes provides evidence to the limited understanding about the conditions that may strengthen or weaken the effectiveness of PFP schemes.

Impact of work-study conflict on workplace outcomes: supervisor support for juggling many balls

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Rimsha Iqbal ◽  
Basharat Javed ◽  
Syed Danial Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Supervisor Support ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Work Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Workplace Outcomes

Purpose Drawing on conservation of resource theory, this study aims to examine the impact of work-study conflict (WSC) on workplace outcomes (job performance, job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention). The study also investigated whether these relationships were contingent on the level of supervisor support at the workplace. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected in two-time lags from 752 studying professionals (non-traditional students) through a convenient sampling technique. Findings Results showed that WSC enhances burnout and turnover intention but has no significant direct relationship with job performance and job satisfaction. It was also found that the relationships between WSC and workplace outcomes, i.e. job performance, job satisfaction and burnout were conditional on the level of supervisor support. Originality/value The research contributes to WSC literature by being the first to empirically investigate the direct and interactive effects of WSC and supervisor support on important workplace outcomes of those adults who were primarily working and then decided to study further for career development rather than on full-time students.

Under-employment to drive the West's wages and policy

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Collar ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Part Time Work

Subject The impact of working less hours on policy. Significance Part-time work is increasing across the advanced economies, including those working part time but wanting full-time work. Initially this seemed to be a distinctly Japanese problem, but it is now being recognised as a more widespread source of stagnant wages, blue-collar despair and populist politics. Impacts Weak demand since 2008 has allowed more firms to offer fewer hours to desperate job seekers, giving the under-employment trend momentum. Japan has changed its labour laws and broken down norms attached to the content of a job since the 1990s; other countries will follow. Convenience and lower wages drive firms to include under-employed workers in their workforce; only a tighter job market will end this.

scholarly journals Indicators to prevent university drop-out and delayed graduation: an Italian case

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-249
Author(s):  
Anna Bussu ◽  
Claudio Detotto ◽  
Laura Serra
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Undergraduate Programme ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Research on the association between individual characteristics of undergraduate students, drop-out and delayed graduation is still evolving. Therefore, further evidence is required. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports on an empirical study examining the relationship between students’ individual characteristics and delayed graduation. The analysis is based on a sample of 1,167 students who have registered on and have completed a full-time undergraduate programme in Italy. Using a Probit model, the findings document the individual, background and environmental indicators that play a role in explaining delayed graduation. Findings The study observes that students who commute to university perform better than those residing on campus. Other factors increasing the probability of completing the undergraduate programme on time include individual characteristics (e.g. gender and age), student background (family income, education), institutional environment (teaching and research quality) and student satisfaction. Finally, some policy implications are discussed. Social implications A direct policy implication of these findings is that supporting academic staff in order to enhance their performance in both research and teaching has a positive effect on the performance of the students. Originality/value This paper contributes to the debate on the impact of institutional quality on students’ performance, aiming to address the question of balance between teaching and research orientation.

scholarly journals The impact of gender perceptions and professional values on women’s careers in nursing

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan McIntosh ◽  
Ronald McQuaid ◽  
Anne Munro
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Employment Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Senior Nurse ◽  
Gender Perceptions ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This purpose of this paper is to engage two enduring sets of assumptions within nursing: firstly, that woman with children should prioritise the care of children; and secondly, that nursing standards require nurses to put their profession above other priorities. Commitment is linked to full-time working which contrasts sharply with the reality for many women with children who need to work part-time and are not able to change or extend working hours Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative research involved the use of 32 in-depth interviews with 32 female registered nurses with children and without children. They were employed in “acute” nursing, aged between 25 and 60 years, and in registered grades “D” to “senior nurse manager”. They worked or had worked on a variety of employment conditions, some, but not all, had taken career breaks. The rationale for exclusively selecting women was based on the need to identify and describe organisational, situational and individual factors related to women and the associations and barriers which affected their careers. Findings – In a female-dominated profession, we find the profession resisting attempts to make the profession more accessible to women with young children. The career progression of women with children is inhibited, and this is driven in part by a determination to maintain “traditional” employment practices. Originality/value – This paper develops Heilman’s argument that gender perceptions, by both males and females, can be biased against women, and these produce gender inequalities in employment. These findings are relevant across many areas of employment, and they are significant in relation to broadening the debate around equal opportunities for women.

Social media use and its impact on intrinsic motivation in Generation Z: a case study from Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Król ◽  
Dariusz Zdonek
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Brand Perception ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Purpose Activities on social platforms affect the audience. They may impact brand perception, purchasing decisions or motivation to act. Motivation makes people behave in certain ways. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the use of social media and its impact on intrinsic motivation, with a focus on Generation Z users (born between 1994 and 2002). Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted multifaceted survey research among full-time and part-time students of one of the largest universities in Poland. The survey was carried out on students of three major fields of study. The analysis involved 427 questionnaires. The data was analysed both with unidimensional and two-dimensional statistical analysis. Findings Although the respondents indicated some “motivational aspects” of social media usage, most of them were characterised by a passive attitude and infrequent activity on such websites. Not many of the respondents published actively. The respondents expected valuable content but were not inclined to disseminate it. Originality/value Publishing of own content and ability to view others’ content in social media may not be enough to increase the user base of a social platform. One way to do this may be narrowing down or diversification of the array of additional services and functionalities that induce users to increase the use rate.

Impacts of spirituality, intrinsic religiosity and Islamic work ethics on employee performance in Morocco: the mediating role of intrinsic motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderrahman Hassi ◽  
Mohammed Amine Balambo ◽  
Mohammed Aboramadan
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Intrinsic Religiosity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Work Ethics

Purpose Given the growing importance of spirituality and religion-related factors in the workplace, this paper aims to analyze the effects of spirituality, intrinsic religiosity and Islamic work ethics (IWE) on employee job performance. Design/methodology/approach Building on these theoretical concepts and perspectives, the authors hypothesized that employee intrinsic motivation mediated these proposed effects. To verify these propositions, the authors examined data collected from 224 full-time employees working for various organizations in Morocco. The authors conducted structural equations modeling (SEM) analyses using the AMOS 24 platform and Bayesian analyses to investigate direct and indirect effects. Findings First, the authors found that only IWE has positive and significant direct effect on job performance. Second, the findings indicate that employee intrinsic motivation does not mediate the relationship between the independent variables of spirituality and intrinsic religiosity and the dependent variable of job performance. These results may be because of the fact that Islamic principles and values are implemented and more reinforced in the Moroccan workplace than new and modern concepts such as intrinsic religiosity and spirituality. Research limitations/implications The present paper used a cross-sectional methodology, which did not allow testing causation between the constructs under study. Practical implications Organizations and managers alike ought to resort to IWE insights with the objective to increase the performance of their Muslim members. Originality/value This paper is novel as it represents a study on spirituality in a non-Western context. It also uses a relatively sizeable sample (N = 224) of full-time employees in the workplace.

English and French language ability and the employability of immigrants in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Solati ◽  
Murshed Chowdhury ◽  
Nicholas Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Language Ability ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Speaking Proficiency ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compare And Contrast

PurposeBoth potential immigrants to Canada and policymakers in Canada continually compare and contrast the economic returns of immigrants' language ability and proficiency. They ask which of the two official languages has a higher economic return in terms of employment and earning. This study examines how ability and proficiency in Canada's two official languages, separately and/or jointly, influences immigrants' quick absorption into the labour market.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses all three waves of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC) and employs logistic regression on the relationship between employability, language ability/proficiency and various non-linguistic factors.FindingsThe study reports that language ability in French is as valuable as language ability in English for immigrants who are aspiring to work, full-time or part-time, when they arrive in Canada. The advantages of language ability and proficiency continue a few years after an immigrant's arrival. Using disaggregated speaking, reading and writing competencies, the authors observe that speaking proficiency in English has a greater impact on employability than reading and writing in English.Originality/valueThere are very few studies looking at the effects of language ability and proficiency on the employability of immigrants in countries with multiple official languages. Most studies are mainly focused on earning and not employability. This study is focused on employability, particularly in the context of Canada. Furthermore, this study specifically disaggregates the impact of speaking, reading and writing competencies in both languages on employment in Canada.

Effects of full-time v. part-time grazing on seasonal changes in milk coagulation properties and fatty acid composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Franziska S. Akert ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Carmen Kunz ◽  
Beat Reidy ◽  
Joel Berard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feeding Systems

Abstract For this research communication our objective was to investigate to what extent milk coagulation properties and milk fatty acid (FA) composition were affected by different feeding systems, season and their interaction. Eighteen cows in total were subjected to one of three different feeding system treatments: full-time grazing or part-time grazing combined with indoor feeding of fresh grass with low or high concentrate supplementation. Milk was sampled in spring, summer and autumn. Milk coagulation time was 15.0, 19.0 and 17.7 min, coagulation dynamics 1.67, 3.41 and 1.79 min, and curd firmness 52.7, 32.4 and 47.0 mm in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Thus, milk coagulation properties of the milk were lower during summer. There were strong seasonal effects on milk FA proportions, but there were not always changes with progressing season, or changes were different with respect to the impact of the feeding systems (system × season interaction). The milk fat was favourably rich in oleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid and had a low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio in all systems. Factors like seasonal variations in grass composition and the energy balance of the cows were considered relevant for the milk FA composition. Overall, seasonal variations in milk quality were less pronounced with part-time grazing with fresh grass indoors as compared to full-time grazing without concentrate.

scholarly journals Exploring producers' motivations and challenges within a farmers' market

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 2089-2103
Author(s):  
Rosario Michel-Villarreal ◽  
Eliseo Luis Vilalta-Perdomo ◽  
Martin Hingley
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Farmers Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Short Food Supply Chains

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore food producers' motivations and challenges whilst participating in short food supply chains (SFSCs). This paper compares findings with previous literature and investigates the topic in the context of producers' motivations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper includes a literature review concerning producers' motivations to engage in SFSCs. A case study was designed to investigate motivations underlying producers' engagement in SFSCs, as well as the challenges that they face. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a farmers' market located in Mexico. Thematic analysis is used to identify the principal issues for producers'. Propositions based on findings are presented.FindingsFindings suggest that small, large, part-time and full-time producers are willing to engage with farmers' markets for diverse primary economic and non-economic motivations. Individual and collective challenges were also identified.Originality/valueThis research helps to explain producers' motivations and challenges within SFSCs in an under-researched context, namely a focus on producers' and in the Global South.

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