The Rio's transport legacy: pre- and post-Games resident perceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Ribeiro ◽  
Victor Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Resident Perceptions ◽  
Before And After

PurposeThe Rio 2016 Olympic Games required a significant investment in the public transport systems, connecting four city's areas and providing different types of impacts and legacies for their hosts. The purpose of this paper is to examine resident perceptions of the public transportation issues in the Rio host city before and after the Games. Key factors underpinning transportation issue outcomes are identified.Design/methodology/approachData were collected among Rio local residents by using a pre-Games (n = 504) and post-Games design (n = 421). The cross-sectional and longitudinal data were assessed at both time periods. An exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors, and a confirmatory factor analysis analysed the psychometric properties of the constructs proposed. Subsequently, MANOVA and a series of ANOVA tests (one-way and paired samples) were performed to analyse the differences in perceptions before and after the Games.FindingsResults revealed a five-factor model of public transportation issues perceived: planning, infrastructure, insecurity, information and urban mobility. Resident perceptions for four factors (planning, infrastructure, insecurity, urban mobility) increased from pre- to post-Games, meaning that they have a more negative perspective about those issues. In contrast, the findings suggested an improvement in public transport information perceived between the period before and after the Games.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the academic literature related to discussing the Olympic legacy by providing evidence of how hosting the Olympics may lead to social exchange with negative outcomes on transport legacy. The findings of this study can be used as valuable information for future event organizers, local authorities and governments.

Customer-centered knowledge management: challenges and implications for knowledge-based innovation in the public transport sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Sindakis ◽  
Audrey Depeige ◽  
Eleni Anoyrkati
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices

Purpose – This study aims to explore the role of knowledge management practices in supporting current and emerging passengers’ and customer needs, aiming to create value. Specifically, the research examines the importance of customer-centred knowledge management in the delivery of innovative services and practices in the public transport sector, promoting the role of interactions between mobility stakeholders and travellers. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is developed and supported by the background literature on customer-centric knowledge management approaches, business model innovation, as well as on inter-organisational and network co-operations. Findings – Results show that the development of sustainable innovation and technologies in the transport sector requires knowledge management practices, which enable the access to knowledge about users’ needs, the mapping and evaluation of innovative knowledge, the promotion of knowledge-based innovation through collective approaches, as well as the acquisition and integration of new knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The conceptual framework developed in the paper remains limited to a theoretical understanding. Further research should empirically examine knowledge issues related to the intangible character and intellectual capital intensiveness of innovation in the transport sector. Practical implications – Researchers, public transport companies and public transport authorities are expected to benefit from this research, by developing mechanisms for customer-centred knowledge management, which is found to lead to innovative services and practices in the public transport sector. Another practical implication regards the adoption of knowledge management practices, leading to technological innovations in public transport, and advancing the level of sustainability in transport systems. Originality/value – The originality of this study lies in the development of a customer-focussed knowledge management framework, which provides a novel perspective of value creation in an attempt to engage researchers and practitioners from the transport industry in the conceptualisation and development of innovative solutions.

scholarly journals Exploring the Interoperability of Public Transport Systems for Sustainable Mobility in Developing Cities: Lessons from Johannesburg Metropolitan City, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trynos Gumbo ◽  
Thembani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Local Moran’S I Index

There have been growing concerns with regards to the state public transportation systems, particularly in the cities of developing countries. Chief among these concerns has been the lack of well-coordinated, efficient, and reliable transportation systems. The city of Johannesburg, just like any other fast-growing municipality in developing and emerging economies, has not been spared with regards to incessant public transport challenges. Consequently, there have been collective efforts from both public and private stakeholders to invest immensely in both innovative rail and road transport systems in the past decade. This article sought to achieve twin objectives. First, the work identified the state of connectivity between the rapid rail transportation and rapid bus transit systems based on Geoweb 2.0 data. Second, the work visualized the level of connectivity between these two modes to develop and formulate policy frameworks in integrating public transit systems in cities of the developing world, learning from the metropolitan city of Johannesburg. A mixed-method approach consisting of spatial and quantitative aspects was used to examine the state of connectedness and the promotion of access and mobility between the two modes. The local Moran’s I index was used to compute node clusters within the public transport system. Results from the analysis demonstrated that both high-clusters and low-clusters exist in the public transportation network, which have a high degree of centrality. It was revealed that commuters navigate from these nodes/stops with relative ease due to the short walking radius. However, the work revealed that most rail networks and bus routes, as well as the stations and bus stops, are not connected and are not significant in the local Moran’s I index, thus, making it difficult for commuters to conveniently move from the Gautrain to the Rea Vaya bus. There are, therefore, gaps with regards to the sharing of infrastructure between the two public transport modes and systems.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Transition From Subexponential to the Exponential Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Chennai, India: Epidemic Nowcasting

10.2196/21152 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e21152
Author(s):  
Kamalanand Krishnamurthy ◽  
Bakiya Ambikapathy ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Lourduraj De Britto
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
National Level ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
The City

Background Several countries adopted lockdown to slowdown the exponential transmission of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. Disease transmission models and the epidemic forecasts at the national level steer the policy to implement appropriate intervention strategies and budgeting. However, it is critical to design a data-driven reliable model for nowcasting for smaller populations, in particular metro cities. Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the transition of the epidemic from subexponential to exponential transmission in the Chennai metro zone and to analyze the probability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) secondary infections while availing the public transport systems in the city. Methods A single geographical zone “Chennai-Metro-Merge” was constructed by combining Chennai District with three bordering districts. Subexponential and exponential models were developed to analyze and predict the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic. Probabilistic models were applied to assess the probability of secondary infections while availing public transport after the release of the lockdown. Results The model predicted that transition from subexponential to exponential transmission occurs around the eighth week after the reporting of a cluster of cases. The probability of secondary infections with a single index case in an enclosure of the city bus, the suburban train general coach, and the ladies coach was found to be 0.192, 0.074, and 0.114, respectively. Conclusions Nowcasting at the early stage of the epidemic predicts the probable time point of the exponential transmission and alerts the public health system. After the lockdown release, public transportation will be the major source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in metro cities, and appropriate strategies based on nowcasting are needed.

scholarly journals ASSESSING URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN KLANG VALLEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Ashikin Abd Rahman ◽  
Yusfida Ayu Abdullah ◽  
Na'asah Nasrudin ◽  
Zaharah Mohd Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Transportation Agencies

This study has a special interest in urban public transportation institutional framework in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The notions for the topic were developed from issues regarding institutional framework in delivering urban public transportation. Although the current urban public transport in Klang Valley has improved, there are still issues concerning the institutional framework. To date, there is no single regulator or agency with the express and overriding responsibilities for strategic management of the public transport system in KlangValley. The purpose of this study is therefore to assess the current urban public transportation institutional and governance framework especially towards urban mobility. To achieve this, the study employs the content analysis and case study method, using the purposive sampling approach for expert interviews in gaining the data from participants of related agencies. It examines the importance of public transportation frameworks and present status of current transport development, as well as the roles of urban transportation agencies involved in delivering urban public transport. Results demonstrated that urban public transportation is delivered through multiple agencies with separate roles, not counting the inconsistency of various policies. Hence, the expectation of this study is to suggest practical approaches to improve the current institutional framework of urban public transportation.

Crowdsourcing information for knowledge-based design of routes for unscheduled public transport trips

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Cairo ◽  
José Sendra Salcedo ◽  
J. Octavio Gutierrez-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Heuristic Search Algorithm ◽  
Quality Of Service Parameters

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to devise a crowdsourcing methodology for acquiring and exploiting knowledge to profile unscheduled transport networks for design of efficient routes for public transport trips. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes daily travel itineraries within Mexico City provided by 610 public transport users. In addition, a statistical analysis of quality-of-service parameters of the public transport systems of Mexico City was also conducted. From the statistical analysis, a knowledge base was consolidated to characterize the unscheduled public transport network of Mexico City. Then, by using a heuristic search algorithm for finding routes, public transport users are provided with efficient routes for their trips. Findings – The findings of the paper are as follows. A crowdsourcing methodology can be used to characterize complex and unscheduled transport networks. In addition, the knowledge of the crowds can be used to devise efficient routes for trips (using public transport) within a city. Moreover, the design of routes for trips can be automated by SmartPaths, a mobile application for public transport navigation. Research limitations/implications – The data collected from the public transport users of Mexico City may vary through the year. Originality/value – The significance and novelty is that the present work is the earliest effort in making use of a crowdsourcing approach for profiling unscheduled public transport networks to design efficient routes for public transport trips.

scholarly journals Decision-Making Problems of Collective Transport Development in Terms of Sustainable Urban Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Piotr Kotylak
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

AbstractThe paper presents decision problems related to the development of transport systems facing planning challenges of sustainable urban mobility. Currently, city decision-makers must deal with growing difficulties related to the organisation of public transport systems. These difficulties involve the primary need for effective and ecological public transport systems and the capacity of transport service providers. These issues require a wide spectrum of research and analysis to determine expected future economic and social benefits from the implementation of environmentally friendly infrastructure investments and increasing capacity of service providers. The paper touches on the problem of the so-called green mobility in urban areas and the main management strategies associated with its development. A general formulation of the decision model, including boundary conditions and the criteria function using a sum of revenues from making the public transport offer more attractive, were proposed and discussed.

Prediction of the Transition From Subexponential to the Exponential Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Chennai, India: Epidemic Nowcasting (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalanand Krishnamurthy ◽  
Bakiya Ambikapathy ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Lourduraj De Britto
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
National Level ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND Several countries adopted lockdown to slowdown the exponential transmission of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. Disease transmission models and the epidemic forecasts at the national level steer the policy to implement appropriate intervention strategies and budgeting. However, it is critical to design a data-driven reliable model for nowcasting for smaller populations, in particular metro cities. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to analyze the transition of the epidemic from subexponential to exponential transmission in the Chennai metro zone and to analyze the probability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) secondary infections while availing the public transport systems in the city. METHODS A single geographical zone “Chennai-Metro-Merge” was constructed by combining Chennai District with three bordering districts. Subexponential and exponential models were developed to analyze and predict the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic. Probabilistic models were applied to assess the probability of secondary infections while availing public transport after the release of the lockdown. RESULTS The model predicted that transition from subexponential to exponential transmission occurs around the eighth week after the reporting of a cluster of cases. The probability of secondary infections with a single index case in an enclosure of the city bus, the suburban train general coach, and the ladies coach was found to be 0.192, 0.074, and 0.114, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nowcasting at the early stage of the epidemic predicts the probable time point of the exponential transmission and alerts the public health system. After the lockdown release, public transportation will be the major source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in metro cities, and appropriate strategies based on nowcasting are needed.

Selection of sustainable transport system: a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Abhishek Singh ◽  
Amulya Gurtu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Operations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeSustainable mobility will be the key to the survival of mankind in the 21st century. Cities with debt-ridden and poorly managed transport systems have to change to the ever-growing demands of the public transport system. The low cost of transport has been a key factor in sustainable development for any city. This study is trying to propose a framework for the selection of sustainable transport in context to an Indian case of NCR Delhi, India.Design/methodology/approachThe present study has identified eight criteria for the selection of a sustainable transport system. Criteria for selection of sustainable transport are CO2 emissions, cost of fuel, energy efficiency, cost of maintenance, number of accidents, congestion, number of injuries and road noise. Three alternatives of transport considered for this study are state-run bus, pooled car and Shuttl (App-based buses). The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to prioritize the criteria. The study has further illustrated a framework for the selection of sustainable transport based on these criteria.FindingsIt is observed that CO2 emissions are the most important criterion for a sustainable transport system. It is followed by a reduction in congestion and the number of injuries. Three alternatives of transport considered for this study are state-run bus, pooled car and Shuttl (a service provider). Shuttl has been found to be the most sustainable transport system.Research limitations/implicationsAHP is not able to capture the vagueness in decision-making. Therefore, fuzzy AHP can be considered for further detailed analysis as future scope of study in a different context of a sustainable transportation system. Major implications for policymakers and stakeholders are that development of public transport in cities should be done after considering different dimensions of sustainable operations.Originality/valueThe study has proposed a unique framework for the selection of a sustainable transport system by the public based on sustainability criteria. Findings will help policymakers in formulating strategies for developing sustainable transport system.

Does uncertainty boost overconfidence? The case of financial analysts' forecasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Bessière ◽  
Taoufik Elkemali
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Private Information ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forecast Dispersion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Announcement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Purpose – This article aims to examine the link between uncertainty and analysts' reaction to earnings announcements for a sample of European firms during the period 1997-2007. In the same way as Daniel et al., the authors posit that overconfidence leads to an overreaction to private information followed by an underreaction when the information becomes public. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the authors test analysts' overconfidence through the overreaction preceding a public announcement followed by an underreaction after the announcement. If overconfidence occurs, over- and underreactions should be, respectively, observed before and after the public announcement. If uncertainty boosts overconfidence, the authors predict that these two combined misreactions should be stronger when uncertainty is higher. Uncertainty is defined according to technology intensity, and separate two types of firms: high-tech or low-tech. The authors use a sample of European firms during the period 1997-2007. Findings – The results support the overconfidence hypothesis. The authors jointly observe the two phenomena of under- and overreaction. Overreaction occurs when the information has not yet been made public and disappears just after public release. The results also show that both effects are more important for the high-tech subsample. For robustness, the authors sort the sample using analyst forecast dispersion as a proxy for uncertainty and obtain similar results. The authors also document that the high-tech stocks crash in 2000-2001 moderated the overconfidence of analysts, which then strongly declined during the post-crash period. Originality/value – This study offers interesting insights in two ways. First, in the area of financial markets, it provides a test of a major over- and underreaction model and implements it to analysts' reactions through their revisions (versus investors' reactions through stock returns). Second, in a broader way, it deals with the link between uncertainty and biases. The results are consistent with the experimental evidence and extend it to a cross-sectional analysis that reinforces it as pointed out by Kumar.

scholarly journals A Novel Model for Determining Public Service Compensation in Integrated Public Transport Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordan Stojić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Olegas Prentkovskis ◽  
Slavko Vesković
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Novel Model

In free market conditions, if public passenger transport services are commercially unprofitable, there will be no interest for transport companies to perform them. However, directly because of the citizens’ interests, on the one hand, and indirectly because of the economy, passenger public transport services have become of a general public interest. The authorities must prepare appropriate legal fair market conditions, based on which public transport will be subsidized and conducted. In order to achieve that, for the mutual benefit of the public, users and transport companies, it is necessary that the right Public Service Obligation Model (PSO model or in some literature PCS—Public Service Compensation) be defined. Within this study, the optimal approach to assigning a PSC contract to transport companies for performing the PSO in integrated and regular public passenger transport systems is determined. A novel model, presented in this paper, can help national, regional and local authorities to choose and determine the way and level of PSCs for conducting the public transport of passengers and establishing a sustainable public passenger transport system.

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