Mechanical and tribological properties of waste iron scale reinforced polypropylene composite

Purpose In this study, waste iron scale, which occurs in high amounts during steel production and contains high amounts of iron element, was used as a reinforcing material in the polypropylene (PP) matrix. Design/methodology/approach In the PP matrix, 33 micron-sized iron scale was added at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% ratios. The composites were subjected to mechanical and dry sliding wear tests. The wear mechanisms occurring on the wear surfaces were determined by SEM supported by EDS. Tensile testing was performed using a tensile tester. Hardness tests were performed using a Shore-D hardness tester with ASTM-D-22 standards. Findings Composite reinforced with 5% iron scale showed the highest tensile strength. The addition of higher amounts of iron scale particles reduced the tensile strength of the composites compared to PP. Hardness increased from 58 to 64 Shore-D with the increase in scale content. The reinforcement of PP with iron scale increased the dry sliding wear resistance. Originality/value According to the authors’ knowledge, in the literature review, there was no study found on the effect of iron scale reinforcement on PP. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-08-2020-0316/

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Multi-response optimization of tribological characteristics of aluminum MMCs using PCA

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures ◽

10.1108/mmms-06-2013-0045 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 276-287

Author(s):

Rajesh Siriyala ◽

A. Gopala Krishna ◽

P. Rama Murthy Raju ◽

M. Duraiselvam

Keyword(s):

Sliding Wear ◽

Wear Behavior ◽

Principal Component ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Dry Sliding ◽

Sliding Velocity ◽

Content Type ◽

Wear Process ◽

Response Optimization ◽

Sliding Distance

Purpose – Since, wear is the one of the most commonly encountered industrial problems leading to frequent replacement of components there is a need to develop metal matrix composites (MMCs) for achieving better wear properties. The purpose of this paper is to fabricate aluminum MMCs to improve the dry sliding wear characteristics. An effective multi-response optimization approach called the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the sets of optimal parameters in dry sliding wear process. Design/methodology/approach – The present work investigates the dry sliding wear behavior of graphite reinforced aluminum composites produced by the molten metal mixing method by means of a pin-on-disc type wear set up. Dry sliding wear tests were carried on graphite reinforced MMCs and its matrix alloy sliding against a steel counter face. Different contact stress, reinforcement percentage, sliding distance and sliding velocity were selected as the control variables and the response selected was wear volume loss (WVL) and coefficient of friction (COF) to evaluate the dry sliding performance. An L25 orthogonal array was employed for the experimental design. Optimization of dry sliding performance of the graphite reinforced MMCs was performed using PCA. Findings – Based on the PCA, the optimum level parameters for overall principal component (PC) of WVL and COF have been identified. Moreover, analysis of variance was performed to know the impact of individual factors on overall PC of WVL and COF. The results indicated that the reinforcement percentage was found to be most effective factor among the other control parameters on dry sliding wear followed by sliding distance, sliding velocity and contact stress. Finally the wear surface morphology of the composites has been investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Practical implications – Various manufacturing techniques are available for processing of MMCs. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. In particular, some techniques are significantly expensive compared to others. Generally the manufacturer prefers the low cost technique. Therefore stir casting technique which was used in this paper for manufacturing of Aluminum MMCs is the best alternative for processing of MMCs in the present commercial sectors. Since the most important criteria of a dry sliding wear behavior is to provide lower WVL and COF, this study has intended to prove the application of PCA technique for solving multi objective optimization problem in wear applications like piston rings, piston rods, cylinder heads and brake rotors, etc. Originality/value – Application of multi-response optimization technique for evaluation of tribological characteristics for Aluminum MMCs made up of graphite particulates is a first-of-its-kind approach in literature. Hence PCA method can be successfully used for multi-response optimization of dry sliding wear process.

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Optimization of wear parameters of Mg-(5.6Ti+3Al)-2.5B4C composite

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology ◽

10.1108/ilt-08-2019-0326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 503-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sathish S. ◽

Anandakrishnan V. ◽

Gupta Manoj

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Wear Mechanisms ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Wear Test ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Wear Performance ◽

Content Type ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Metal Metal

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyse and optimize the wear parameters of magnesium metal-metal composite. Materials with lesser weight attract both the researcher and industrialists, as it exhibits the performance improvement in the automotive and aerospace industries. The enrichment of mechanical and tribological properties of the existing magnesium focussed the development of new metal–metal composite. Design/methodology/approach Metal–metal composite with magnesium matrix was synthesized through the disintegrated melt deposition technique with the addition of titanium, aluminium and boron carbide particles. The wear performance of the composite was experimented with the dry sliding wear test by considering load, sliding velocity and sliding distance. Findings The wear rate of the composite is analysed statistically, and the significance of wear parameters on the wear performance of metal–metal composite is observed. The worn pin surface and the wear debris collected during the wear experiments were exposed to the microscopy analysis to seize the dominating wear mechanisms. Originality/value The wear performance of the developed magnesium composite was analysed and discussed in detail with the support of scientific evidence, i.e. worn surface and debris analysis express the wear mechanisms. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-08-2019-0326/

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Mechanical and tribological properties of PEEK particle-filled UHMWPE composites: The role of counterface morphology change in dry sliding wear

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites ◽

10.1177/0731684413497112 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 32 (21) ◽

pp. 1614-1623 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yemei Liu ◽

Sujeet K Sinha

Keyword(s):

Tribological Properties ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Dry Sliding ◽

Morphology Change ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Uhmwpe Composites

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Mechanical and Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Al6061/Gr MMCs and its Multi Response Optimization using Hybrid Fuzzy Grey Relational Technique

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b7664.129219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1174-1183

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Wear Behaviour ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Wear Loss ◽

Dry Sliding ◽

T6 Heat Treatment ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Grey Relational

An attempt is made to find the mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061/Gr metal matrix composites (MMC) produced using stir casting method. It is important to note that the certain components require high hardness and wear resistance to fulfil the functional requirements, the said properties of the MMCs influenced largely on the condition with which they are produced or treated. Therefore, in the present paper the composites are tested in two stages that is before T6 heat treatment and after T6 heat treatment respectively. The composites are made with Al6061 alloy as matrix and graphite with 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% by wt is considered as reinforcement. Once the composites are prepared, they are examined for their microstructural, mechanical, and tribological properties. Further, a response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to model the wear loss and coefficient of friction for both before and after T6 heat treatment of MMCs. The non-linear regression model obtained is validated both statistically and with the help of experimental test cases. The evidence of wear phenomenon has been observed with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further, fuzzy grey relational Technique has been used to determine the multi performance index for the dry sliding wear and friction phenomenon of the developed composite.

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Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Wrought Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg Alloy

Science of Advanced Materials ◽

10.1166/sam.2021.4008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1825-1829

Author(s):

Fang Liu ◽

Fuxiao Yu ◽

Dazhi Zhao

Keyword(s):

Sliding Wear ◽

Wear Behavior ◽

Hot Extrusion ◽

Normal Pressure ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Dry Sliding ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Eutectic Si ◽

Pin On Disc ◽

Equiaxed Grains

In present paper, the dry sliding wear behaviors of wrought Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg alloy have been investigated using a pin-on-disc machine. The effect of various parameters, such as alloy conditions, sliding speed, and normal pressure, has been investigated. Wear surface was characterized by SEM/EDX microanalysis. The microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of the extruded profile were investigated with the aim of understanding the wear and friction mechanisms. The present results reveal an improvement in the mechanical and tribological properties, obtained due to microstructure characterized by fine Si particles uniformly distributed in the Al matrix of fine equiaxed grains, as promoted by hot extrusion. It was also revealed that higher hardness and the lower aspect ratio of eutectic Si particles contributed to the better wear resistance.

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Polymer Blended (Epoxy/Vinylester) Nanocomposites Resistance against Pulling & Sliding Wear Loads

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.37.75 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 75-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Harisankar ◽

Y.V. Mohana Reddy ◽

K. Hemachandra Reddy

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Filler Content ◽

Normal Load ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Filler Concentration ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽

Control Factors ◽

Taguchi’S Design Of Experiments

This paper discloses the development and synthesis of polymer blended nanocomposites filled with nanoclay. The hybridization of epoxy is mixed with vinylester resin (VER) to prepare polymer blend filled with organoclay was studied to enhance mechanical properties of epoxy/VER. Clay loading was done in such a way that with different wt. proportions viz.1, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, & 7.5 w % ratios. Appropriately cured samples gave excellent mechanical and tribological properties. Results showed that the tensile strength of the composites increased with increase in filler content for the range of filler contents (2.5-4 % vol.). The results indicated that at 4 % wt. of filler concentration the tensile strength obtained is good i.e. 47.79 MPa with density 1.37 gm/cm3 and hardness 45.5. Dry Sliding wear tests were also conducted by following a well-planned experimental schedule based on Taguchi’s design of experiments, considering parameters like Filler content, Normal load, Sliding Velocity and Sliding distance, on a Pin-On-Disc set-up (ASTM G-99 standard, Make: DUCOM Engineers, Bangalore, India). In the experimentation composite pins were worn against a rotating steel disc (Europe Norm) EN-31, (Rockwell C Hardness) HRC 60 and (Roughness Average) Ra 0.02 microns. Control factors like Filler Content, Normal Load were found to be significant factors affecting the Wear rate i.e. the inclusion of nanoclay as filler found to be contributed in improving the wear resistance of the composite. SEM observations are made to probe the wear mechanisms involved.

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Effect of electron beam surface melting on the microstructure and wear behavior of Stellite 12 hardfacing

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology ◽

10.1108/ilt-05-2018-0182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. 636-641

Author(s):

Ali Abdul Munim Alhattab ◽

Shaikh Asad Ali Dilawary ◽

Amir Motallebzadeh ◽

Cevat Fahir Arisoy ◽

Huseyin Cimenoglu

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Surface Melting ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

Dry Sliding ◽

Content Type ◽

The Matrix ◽

Beam Surface ◽

Stellite 12

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of electron beam surface melting (EBSM) on the properties of Plasma Transfer Arc (PTA) deposited Stellite 12 hardfacing.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, structural characterization and dry sliding wear tests have been conducted on the hardfacings at room temperature. The wear tracks formed on the surfaces of the hardfacings were examined by a stylus-type profilometer and a scanning electron microscope.FindingsRefinement of the matrix and the carbides following EBSM process led to about 15 per cent increment in hardness as compared to PTA state. Despite an increase in the surface hardness, EBSM’ed hardfacing exhibited about 50 per cent lower sliding wear resistance than PTA hardfacing against alumina ball. According to the worn surface examinations, reduction in the wear resistance of Stellite 12 after EBSM process has been associated with the extensive refinement of the carbides which made them easier to be removed from the matrix during the sliding contact.Originality/valueThe authors of current study have applied EBSM to PTA deposited Stellite 12 hardfacing alloy to investigate if the surface structure and properties could be improved. More specifically the dry sliding wear performance of PTA and EBSM’ed hardfacings have been focused in the scope of this study. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this approach, i.e. use of EBSM as a post deposition treatment of Stellite 12 hardfacings, has not been reported in open literature.

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