Examining pre-post results

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Roberta Waite ◽  
Janell Mensinger ◽  
Christine Wojciechowicz ◽  
Angela Colistra ◽  
Stephen Gambescia
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Student Leadership ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leadership Program ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine changes in scores from the Kouzes and Posner Student Leadership Practices Inventory of undergraduate students in the health professions who were engaged in a nine-month leadership program. The authors also assessed changes in scores on the same inventory for several observers who rated the students’ leadership competence and examined differences between the students’ self-assessment on leadership practices and those of their observers. Design/methodology/approach A pre-post survey design using repeated measures factorial ANOVA, Pearson correlations and paired t-tests was used to investigate the data. An α level of 0.05 was used. Findings Statistically significant changes were found in the pre- to post-surveys of students on three of the five subscales but only one of the five subscales for observers. Students’ and observers’ ratings were largely uncorrelated, with the exception of Encouraging the Heart ratings at post-program. Research limitations/implications Participants were recruited from one setting at a private university in the USA and the sample size was small. A control group was not available to offer a comparison for the outcomes of the leadership program and only quantitative data were assessed. Originality/value Data capturing undergraduate leadership practices on students in the health professions using a validated tool bring value to better understanding strategies that university faculty can use to improve students’ leadership skills.

Lending a hand: perceptions of green credit cards

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1329-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Julie Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of donation amount and framing on financial products, this research investigates consumers’ attitudes and behaviors toward cause-related credit cards with different donation sizes and framing types. Design/methodology/approach This research investigates consumers’ perceptions of green credit cards using two experiments with a between-subject design (n =297) and a mixed design (n =238), respectively. All the participants, recruited from a major state university in the USA, are undergraduate students who use credit cards. Findings A medium-size donation optimizes the outcome of a cause-related credit card offer. Moreover, a donation framed as cash rewards has stronger effects on a consumer’s perception and consequent reactions to the “green” credit cards than an annual percentage rate framing. Finally, consumers with high levels of environmental concern and propensity to volunteer have stronger intention to adopt and are more likely to recommend the proposed credit card. Originality/value Building upon the theories of social exchange and symbolic interaction, this research is the first to provide empirical evidence regarding the application of volunteerism and perceived consumer effectiveness for financial institutions and their cause-related marketing campaign partners in selecting suitable environmental causes.

Occurrence of rating distortions and ratees’ fairness perceptions per raters’ mood and affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 726-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumrina Razzaq ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal ◽  
Malik Ikramullah ◽  
Jan-Willem van Prooijen
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fairness Perceptions ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Negotiation Performance ◽  
Fairness Theory ◽  
Affect Infusion Model ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the occurrence of rating distortions under raters’ different mood conditions and at different levels of interpersonal affect of raters towards ratees, and further its association with ratees’ perceptions of distributive and interpersonal fairness. Design/methodology/approach For the scenario-based experiment, the study recruited 110 undergraduate students as participants. Of them, 22 raters appraised the video-taped buyer-seller negotiation performance of 88 ratees. Repeated measures analysis was employed to analyse data. Findings Results revealed that under different mood conditions (pleasant and sad) and at different levels of interpersonal affect towards ratees (high and low), raters distorted ratings (inflated and deflated, respectively). These rating distortions shaped ratees fairness perceptions in such a way that ratees who received inflated ratings due to raters’ pleasant mood and high interpersonal affect perceived more distributive and interpersonal fairness than ratees who received deflated ratings due to raters’ sad mood and low interpersonal affect. Originality/value The paper is a step towards integrating the affect infusion model with distributive and interpersonal fairness theory. This integration can be of value for enhancing our understanding of how rater-centric rating errors take place, which subsequently shape ratees’ fairness perceptions.

Effectiveness of social media for weight reduction on overweight undergraduate students in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Tummatida Pattanapongsa ◽  
Wiroj Jiamjarasrangsi ◽  
Piya Hanvoravongchai ◽  
Dumrongsak Pekthong
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose Addressing overweight in the population is an important public health challenge. Use of social media such as Facebook has been proposed as a platform to deliver weight loss interventions to influence behavior change to tackle obesity. The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of weight loss education and support interventions delivered through online social media (experimental group) vs conventional method (control group). Design/methodology/approach The six-month experimental study comprised of a four-month intervention and a two-month follow up from May 2016 to October 2016. All faculties in a university were randomly selected into the experimental or control group. Then, undergraduate students (n=66) were randomly recruited from each faculty into the corresponding groups (experimental group=33 and control group=33). Both groups received health education and support services through either Facebook or the offline support system. The mean differences of main outcomes including body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) between groups at baseline and fourth month and baseline and sixth month were compared using t-test. Findings The results show those in the experimental group had significantly better outcomes in term of BMI and WHtR at the end of four-month intervention with the mean difference (95% CI) at 0.7 (0.1, 1.3) and 0.01 (0.00, 0.01), respectively. The differences at the end of the study, however, became insignificant. Originality/value The health education and support services through Facebook can be used in a weight loss promotion program for BMI and WHtR reduction. On a larger scale to replace conventional programs, a long-term continuous measure is needed.

The trials and tribulations of JTH Inc.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-108
Author(s):  
Mayank Jaiswal ◽  
Robert Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
The Usa

Theoretical basis The theoretical linkages are with dynamic nature of PESTEL analysis, Porter’s five forces, resource-based view of the firm and characteristics of an entrepreneur. Research methodology The names of the institutions and individuals involved have been disguised. However, the material facts of the case are authentic. Case overview/synopsis This case discusses strategy in the context of a crisis situation in a small business. JTH Inc. was a computer subcontract manufacturing (SCM) firm serving the New England region of the USA. The influx of international competition (mainly from China) due to recession led to significant challenges for JTH and the SCM industry. JTH was struggling and the situation was further complicated by the founder’s (Robert Maxwell) personal and emotional situation. Robert had to decide whether to keep the business running, close it down, merge with/be acquired by a competitor, innovate the business model or do something else. Complexity academic level This case is designed to target undergraduate students of Strategic Management; it may also include Entrepreneurship students. It should most probably be taught in the first half of the course after concepts such as PESTEL, Porter and resource-based view of the firm have been taught.

Multidisciplinary impact – the arts join informal STEM programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Betsy Tretola ◽  
Eloise Coupey ◽  
Laurie Meamber
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stem Programs ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Hands On ◽  
School Programs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Mathematics

Purpose Middle school participants in the USA attending an on-campus university informal science program indicate an increase in interest toward careers and disciplines in STEM or STEAM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics and the arts). Parents or guardians confirm the change. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Participants attended “inquiry-based” lectures by scientists and “hands-on” activities conducted by volunteers on campus at a public university over four months, four Saturdays. Participants completed surveys before each lecture and guardians completed surveys afterwards. Findings Interest increased significantly according to paired samples t-tests for each STEM discipline for students who reported low interest on the initial pre-lecture survey. There was a significant linear improvement in interests in engineering using a repeated measures general linear model. Guardians or parents reported that they observed a higher interest in STEM disciplines resulting in more technical-related interaction among peers and within the family. Social implications Findings support STEM with arts “out-of-school” programs sponsored by museums, corporations, government, higher education and others. Inclusion of the “hands-on” activities, some with arts content, to the science and technical learning appears to spark enthusiasm. Originality/value The value is multidisciplinary. The theory of reasoned action from social psychology, sociology, along with related research in science education and the arts are synthesized. Informal extracurricular experiences sustained and improved interests in the disciplines and careers on which the formal educational career pipeline can build.

Adult protection training for community nurses: evaluating knowledge following delivery using participant-favoured training methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Adult Protection ◽  
Adult Support

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure nurses’ knowledge about Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007 before and after a one-day training course using participants’ favoured methods of training activities. Design/methodology/approach – A repeated measures design was used to evaluate the impact of a one-day Adult Support and Protection training on pre-training knowledge of community nurses across one NHS area. Participants’ favoured methods of training activities were used in the training. Participants were community nurses working in learning disability, mental health, older people's services, acute services, substance misuse, and accident and emergency. All completed a training needs analysis and training preferences study. Individual and group scores on an Adult Support and Protection knowledge questionnaire were analysed pre- and post-training. Findings – There was a statistically significant increase in scores post-training (Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test). Individual increases ranged from 2.5 to 27.5 per cent, with a mean score of 15 per cent. Evaluation of the impact of nationally approved Adult Support and Protection training is needed and training should take account of participants’ existing knowledge and preferred methods of training delivery to improve the transfer of learning into practice. Research limitations/implications – Participants were self-selecting. Existing knowledge was not controlled for in the sample. No longitudinal follow up to measure retention of any improvements in knowledge. No control group. Training methods used were based on the expressed preferences of 40 nursing staff, but only 18 of these staff participated in the training day. Originality/value – There is a dearth of research in evaluating the impact of the adult protection training on staff knowledge and understanding. Designing training activities and content to take account of participant preferences, and areas where knowledge is weakest may enhance the effectiveness of training in this area. This research was funded as a Queens Nursing Institute Community Project. It builds on a pilot project

Nurses’ and nurse managers’ perceived transformational leadership behavioural practices: a survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-396
Author(s):  
Roberta Sammut ◽  
Amanda Scicluna
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Charge Nurses

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the perceived transformational leadership practices of charge and staff nurses. Transformational leadership is effective in promoting change in organisations, with the leader guiding followers towards a common vision. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative, descriptive, comparative survey design was used. All charge nurses (N = 151) and staff nurses (N = 1,950) in six health entities in Malta were included. A mixed mode survey design was used. Data were collected using the Leadership Practices Inventory and analysed using ANOVA and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Findings An overall response rate of 15% (n = 315) was achieved. Both staff and charge nurses perceived transformational leadership to be practiced. Charge nurses scored consistently higher than staff nurses. In long-term care environments, charge nurses are more likely to “model the way”, while in acute settings, they were more likely to “enable others to act”. Research limitations/implications Transformational leadership appears to be applied by charge nurses in Malta. The response rate achieved was low and may limit the generalisability of the results of the study. Practical implications Nurse managers need to adapt their transformational leadership style based on the context in which they work. Originality/value Regular feedback from nursing staff should be sought for charge nurses to be aware of the extent to which they are implementing transformational leadership.

A hybrid data analytic approach to predict college graduation status and its determinative factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 1678-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asil Oztekin
Keyword(s):  
Graduation Rates ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Degree Completion ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
College Graduation ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Hybrid Data ◽  
Data Analytic

Purpose The prediction of graduation rates of college students has become increasingly important to colleges and universities across the USA and the world. Graduation rates, also referred to as completion rates, directly impact university rankings and represent a measurement of institutional performance and student success. In recent years, there has been a concerted effort by federal and state governments to increase the transparency and accountability of institutions, making “graduation rates” an important and challenging university goal. In line with this, the main purpose of this paper is to propose a hybrid data analytic approach which can be flexibly implemented not only in the USA but also at various colleges across the world which would help predict the graduation status of undergraduate students due to its generic nature. It is also aimed at providing a means of determining and ranking the critical factors of graduation status. Design/methodology/approach This study focuses on developing a novel hybrid data analytic approach to predict the degree completion of undergraduate students at a four-year public university in the USA. Via the deployment of the proposed methodology, the data were analyzed using three popular data mining classifications methods (i.e. decision trees, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines) to develop predictive degree completion models. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the relative importance of each predictor factor driving the graduation. Findings The sensitivity analysis of the most critical factors in predicting graduation rates is determined to be fall-term grade-point average, housing status (on campus or commuter), and which high school the student attended. The least influential factors of graduation status are ethnicity, whether or not a student had work study, and whether or not a student applied for financial aid. All three data analytic models yielded high accuracies ranging from 71.56 to 77.61 percent, which validates the proposed model. Originality/value This study presents uniqueness in that it presents an unbiased means of determining the driving factors of college graduation status with a flexible and powerful hybrid methodology to be implemented at other similar decision-making settings.

Do we know what they know? Comparing US and French undergraduate students’ knowledge of core business concepts

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 922-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kate Naatus ◽  
Katia Passerini ◽  
Kevin Pon ◽  
Mark Somers
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Core Business ◽  
Undergraduate Studies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mind Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business And Management

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare knowledge of business concepts acquired at the end of undergraduate studies of management in France and the USA. Design/methodology/approach – Mind maps were used to examine what knowledge students retained toward the end of their undergraduate studies in business and management. Data were collected from two groups of students, one in France and one in the USA and they analyzed on computer software. Findings – The results indicate that the learning process may be influenced not only by the structure and content of the program but also by the environment in which such content is assimilated. This study provides examples of how culture can influence the way we learn and represent core business knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The research was based on a number of undergraduate students and cannot therefore be generalized to other subjects or other levels of studies at the present time. Originality/value – The paper moves away from traditional manners of collecting data through questionnaires and surveys in order to study the impact of management education and what students learn at undergraduate level.

“I’ll do this no matter if I have to fight the world!”

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bamford ◽  
Yaz Djebbour ◽  
Lucie Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Urban Higher Education ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose – The purpose of the paper was to explore students’ learning experiences in culturally diverse urban higher education environments. Design/methodology/approach – The project used an action research method approach with a mixed-method collection of data. The data consist of a survey of undergraduate students from the two different faculties, business and science, in two London institutions (n = 393) and ten focus groups (consisting of 92 students) as well as participant observations. The survey was based on an adapted version of the National Survey on Student Engagement (NSSE) developed in the USA. The authors also piloted the use of Facebook as a learning tool and monitored the effects on communication between students and between lecturers. Findings – The authors identified statistical significance in the items that addressed the development of students’ relationships with others and found that there was a link with specific students’ profiles, that is those students who were non-native speakers of English who were less likely to engage with “others” and the learning environment. Focus groups highlighted the importance of communities of practice and that these communities aided students in developing what can be seen as resilience outcomes. Originality/value – The findings from the research indicated that resilience can be seen as key to increasing engagement and communication for students. The piloting of social media across a module at each research site indicated that such a tool can be useful in addressing issues of communication, but the introduction of such tools needs to be generated through the students.

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