Authenticity and relocation of built heritage: the urban transformation of Kiruna, Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different notions about the conservation of built heritage develop in a situation of structural change that demands either the demolition or relocation of a large number of historic buildings. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a case study of the on-going urban transformation of the Swedish mining town Kiruna. The investigation was based on the text analysis of urban planning documents and media reporting, which was used to distinguish stakeholders’ positions towards conservation based on authenticity aspects. Findings The conservation goals of the urban planning process are unclear and the stakeholders have conceptually different views regarding which parts of the town’s built heritage are of significance, which negatively affects the ability to make well informed, transparent and intelligible management decisions. Stakeholder views on the management of built heritage span from the relocation of a few, single historic buildings to maintaining the integrity of the town as a heritage site by moving a significant number of buildings. Research limitations/implications The Kiruna case, being exceptional because conservation in situ is impossible, has the potential to highlight the relation between single historic buildings and the integrity of an urban heritage site, as well as implications for conservation on the urban scale. Originality/value This investigation contributes to knowledge of built heritage in situations of structural change, which is of concern for planning and conservation practice. Currently, many urban areas are under pressure of transformations or destruction.

Stonemasonry skills development: two case studies of historic buildings in Scotland

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott McGibbon ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Industry Experience

Purpose – Scotland’s built heritage (pre-1919 building stock) is exhibiting varying levels of disrepair, in particular for stonemasonry works, despite the government’s on-going efforts for promoting higher standards of repair and maintenance (R & M) of historic buildings. The purpose of this paper is to examine the problems associated with the R & M of historic buildings. Design/methodology/approach – Two case studies (Projects A and B) exhibiting critical disrepair are reported. Site surveying was carried-out on both projects, to identify site features and R & M problems along with proposed solutions drawing on the lead author’s extensive industry experience as a stonemasonry consultant. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals involved in each project to elicit views on the challenges faced. Additionally, three industry experts were interviewed to provide a wider perspective of the R & M challenges facing historic buildings. Findings – Neglect and poor practice resulted in both projects becoming more challenging and expensive than they needed to be, which was attributed to generic and advanced skills 6deficiencies of the workforce. There is an urgent need for a multi-disciplinary approach to the development of a method statement for R & M, drawing on the expertise of professionals and contractors, particularly when specifying repairs to structural elements. Originality/value – This paper has provided original and valuable information on R & M problems, highlighting the importance of continued investment in skills development for historic building R & M to enhance existing current training provision and practice. There is a need for further similar project-based data to inform skills development strategies for the R & M of historic buildings as well as enhancing existing qualification frameworks.

Mainstreaming Pandemic in Urban Planning: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-424
Author(s):  
Abha Agarwal ◽  
Kusum Lata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Population ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The World

Cities, the main places where majority of the world population resides, are the centres of economic growth and innovation. Globally, the urban areas are facing public health emergency (Covid-19 pandemic), which has affected the economic and social lives of people and all the activities have come to a standstill. The issue of urban vulnerability has been brought up in context to pandemics and communities need to be prepared for it. The article focuses on the measures taken by the Indian government during the lockdown and about how successful were these measures in controlling the spread of the virus infection. The lacunae in the urban planning policies have been analysed with a focus on community participation in the decision-making to combat disasters. Examples of successful community participation in cities from India and abroad have been highlighted. Finally, policy initiatives have been identified by which the future epidemics can be handled in an organised manner, by making the urban planning process more citizen centric.

Resilient urban planning process in question: Istanbul case

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Zeynep Deniz Yaman Galantini ◽  
Azime Tezer
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Delphi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Response Capacity ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Five Elements

Purpose This paper aims to describe an updated urban planning process to expose a theoretical model bridging the resilience concept and urban planning, and then it explains this process through Istanbul case. Design/methodology/approach A hypothetical framework is proposed based on the three different but complementary aspects of resilience which are identified as “resilience to what”, “resilience where” and “resilience how”, as well as “five elements process” referring the upgraded components of urban planning processes. Additionally, the methodology conducted to figure out a resilient urban planning process is listed as an expert opinion survey, a two-stage policy Delphi survey, public opinion survey and multi-criteria analysis. Findings It is possible to apply this process in many different case studies for various scales and temporalities for coping with the key vulnerabilities and promote the administrative response capacity. Research limitations/implications Considering size of the study area and the unclarified roles of urban authorities, it is difficult to have a consensus on the key vulnerabilities and the prior urban policies. Originality/value The proposed process is beneficial in addressing the most prominent vulnerabilities and developing capacity to manage unexpected changes, through the collaborative decisions of a wide range of urban planning authorities. Depending on the severity of the disturbances, applying this process to identify changing priorities can be a crucial policy, both for long- or short-term urban policy-making, for further studies.

scholarly journals Sustainable development, planning and poverty alleviation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Bolay ◽  
◽  
Eléonore Labattut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
World Population ◽  
The South ◽  
The World

In 2018, the world population is around 7.6 billion, 4.2 billion in urban settlements and 3.4 billion in rural areas. Of this total, according to UN-Habitat, 3.2 billion of urban inhabitants live in southern countries. Of them, one billion, or nearly a third, live in slums. Urban poverty is therefore an endemic problem that has not been solved despite all initiatives taken to date by public and private sectors. This global transformation of our contemporary societies is particularly challenging in Asia and Africa, knowing that on these two continents, less than half of the population currently lives in urban areas. In addition, over the next decades, 90% of the urbanization process will take place in these major regions of the world. Urban planning is not an end in itself. It is a way, human and technological, to foresee the future and to act in a consistent and responsible way in order to guarantee the wellbeing of the populations residing in cities or in their peripheries. Many writers and urban actors in the South have criticized the inadequacy of urban planning to the problems faced by the cities confronting spatial and demographic growth. For many of them the reproduction of Western models of planning is ineffective when the urban context responds to very different logics. It is therefore a question of reinventing urban planning on different bases. And in order to address the real problems that urban inhabitants and authorities are facing, and offering infrastructures and access to services for all, this with the prospect of reducing poverty, to develop a more inclusive city, with a more efficient organization, in order to make it sustainable, both environmental than social and economic. The field work carried out during recent years in small and medium-sized cities in Burkina Faso, Brazil, Argentina and Vietnam allows us to focus the attention of specialists and decision makers on intermediate cities that have been little studied but which are home to half of the world's urban population. From local diagnoses, we come to a first conclusion. Many small and medium-sized cities in the South can be considered as poor cities, from four criteria. They have a relatively large percentage of the population is considered to be poor; the local government and its administration do not have enough money to invest in solving the problems they face; these same authorities lack the human resources to initiate and manage an efficient planning process; urban governance remains little open to democratic participation and poorly integrates social demand into its development plans. Based on this analysis, we consider it is imperative to renovate urban planning as part of a more participatory process that meets the expectations of citizens with more realistic criteria. This process incorporates different stages: an analysis grounded on the identification of urban investment needed to improve the city; the consideration of the social demands; a realistic assessment of the financial resources to be mobilized (municipal budget, taxes, public and international external grants, public private partnership); a continuous dialogue between urban actors to determine the urban priorities to be addressed in the coming years. This protocol serves as a basis for comparative studies between cities in the South and a training program initiated in Argentina for urban actors in small and medium sized cities, which we wish to extend later to other countries of the South

Mülteciler ve Hatay’da geleceğin plansız inşası

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Zehra Güngördü ◽  
Erhan Kurtarır
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Strategic Planning Process ◽  
Integration Strategy

Birleşmiş Milletler verilerine göre mültecilerin ağırlıkla kentsel alanlarda yaşamaktadır. Günümüzde de mültecilerin görece daha insani koşullarda yaşama imkanı bulacaklarına inandıkları küresel kentlere doğru göç ettikleri görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kent mültecileri konusunda şehir planlama pratiklerinin görmezden geldiği mülteci sorununa dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla, mültecilerin Hatay’daki koşulları, yerel dinamikler ve bir toplumsal entegrasyon stratejisi olarak mülteci çocuklarının eğitimi konusu ele alınması gerektiği hatırlatılmakta ve bu amaca ulaşmak için gerekli planlama erkinin sorumlulukları tartışmaya açmaktadır. Çalışmanın örnek kenti olarak Hatay ve kentin mekânsal stratejik planlama süreci seçilmiştir.ENGLISH ABSTRACTRefugees and future in Hatay without a planAccording to UN data’s, refugee distribution on world wide shows us most of the refugees are living in urban areas. It can be seen that today refugee’s migrating into the direction of global cities to find better living condition. This paper aims to draw attention to the urban refugee problematic which is overlooked by urban planning practices today in Turkey. For this purpose, conditions of refugees in Hatay, local dynamics and education of refugee children will be evaluated as social integration strategy and needed responsibility of planning authority in order to reach that goal will be discussed. Hatay and it’s spatial strategic planning process has been selected as the case study of this paper.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGIES FOR LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL AESTHETICS IN URBAN PLANNING / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO EKOLOGINĖS ESTETINĖS URBANISTINIO PLANAVIMO METODOLOGIJOS PALYGINAMOJI ANALIZĖ

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Jankevica
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Ecological Aesthetics ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
High Level ◽  
Landscape Ecological

Areas with high level of urbanisation provoke frequent conflicts between nature and people. There is a lack of cooperation between planners and nature scientists in urban studies and planning process. Landscapes usually are studied using the ecological and aesthetical approaches separately. However, the future of urban planning depends on integration of these two approaches. This research study looks into different methods of landscape ecological aesthetics and presents a combined method for urban areas. The methods of landscape visual aesthetical assessment, biotope structure analysis, landscape ecology evaluation and multi-disciplinary expert level are compared in the article. A comparison of obtained values is summarized by making a comparative matrix. As a result, a multi-stage model for landscape ecological aesthetics evaluation in urban territories is presented. This ecological aesthetics model can be successfully used for development of urban territories. Santrauka Aukštas teritorinės urbanizacijos lygis skatina dažną gamtos ir žmogaus konfliktą. Urbanistinio planavimo studijų procesuose trūksta bendradarbiavimo tarp urbanistinių teritorijų planavimo ir gamtos mokslo srityse dirbančių mokslininkų. Kraštovaizdis dažnai tyrinėjamas atskirai, taikant ekologinius ir estetinius metodus. Tačiau miestų planavimo ateitis priklauso nuo šių dviejų metodų integracijos. Šio tyrimo metu nagrinėjami skirtingi kraštovaizdžio ekologinės estetikos metodai ir pateikiamas apibendrintas urbanizuotoms teritorijoms skirtas sprendimas. Palyginti kraštovaizdžio vizualinio estetinio vertinimo, biotopų struktūros analizės, kraštovaizdžio ekologijos vertinimo metodai ir įvairių sričių ekspertų išvados. Gauti rezultatai suvesti į palyginamąją matricą. Viso to rezultatas – urbanistinių teritorijų daugiapakopis kraštovaizdžio ekologinės estetikos vertinimo modelis. Šis ekologinės estetikos modelis gali būti sėkmingai taikomas urbanistinių teritorijų plėtrai.

scholarly journals reGREENeration of Historic Cairo. Hara al-Nabawiya and Bayt Madkour in al-Darb Al-Ahmar

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-74
Author(s):  
Natalia Ramírez ◽  
Alaa El Habashi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Social Encounters

In historical contexts like Cairo with rapid informal growth, the role of open spaces as Haras or courtyards are no longer seen as components of a very particular ecological system or centres of social encounters. The demand for housing and the relative cost-benefit has unleashed vast and illegal densification in height within neglected and dilapidated urban areas, where any available space represents an opportunity for investments and to accommodate the immediate needs. The research explores the on-going disfiguration in the al-Darb al-Ahmar of Historic Cairo, and investigates the results along with the current international calls for the respect of the integrity of the environmental and socio-economic characteristics of tangible and intangible heritage in the World Heritage Site. The objective is to profit from the remaining courtyards of historic buildings and Haras spaces in Historic Cairo to propose urban strategies that would restore such historic attributes, reformulate an ecologically passive urban fabric and generate means for community development. This proactive approach is hopefully a necessary step for stopping the demolition, deterioration, and obsolescence of districts of high historical values.

Estimating transportation network impedance to last-mile delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolawole Ewedairo ◽  
Prem Chhetri ◽  
Ferry Jie
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure and map the potential transportation network impedance to last-mile delivery (LMD) using spatial measures representing attributes of road network and planning controls. Design/methodology/approach The transport network impedance is estimated as the potential hindrance to LMD as imposed by the characteristics of the built and regulatory environment. A matrix of key transport and planning measures are generated and overlaid in geographical information systems to compute and visualise the levels of transportation network impedance to LMD using a composite indexing method. Findings The mapped outputs reveal significant spatial variation in transportation network impedance to LMD across different part of the study area. Significant differences were detected along the road segments that connect key industrial hubs or activity centres especially along tram routes and freight corridors, connecting the Port of Melbourne and logistic hub with the airport and the Western Ring Road. Research limitations/implications The use of static measures of transport and urban planning restricts the robustness of the impedance index, which can be enhanced through better integration of dynamic and real-time movements of business-to-business LMD of goods. Spatial approach is valuable for broader urban planning at a metropolitan or council level; however, its use is somewhat limited in assisting the daily operational planning and logistics decision making in terms of dynamic routing and vehicle scheduling. Practical implications The built and regulatory environment contributes to the severity of LMD problem in urban areas. The use of land use controls as instruments to increase city compactness in strategic nodes/hubs is more likely to deter the movement of urban freight. The mapped outputs would help urban planners and logisticians in mitigating the potential delay in last-mile deliveries through devising localised strategies such as dedicated freight corridors or time-bound deliveries in congested areas of road network. Originality/value This is the first study that measured the potential transport network impedance to LMD and improved understanding of the complex interactions between urban planning measures and LMD. Micro-scale mapping of transportation network impedance at the street level adds an innovative urban planning dimension to research in the growing field of city logistics.

scholarly journals A GRASS ROOT ORIENTED URBAN PLANNING APPROACH TO UPLIFT THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACET OF A CITY USING 2D AND 3D GIS: CASE STUDY ON MEHMEDABAD CITY, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol IV-4 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
S. Gupta ◽  
C. Shah ◽  
D. Shah ◽  
P. Deore ◽  
S. Majumdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
City Development ◽  
3D Gis ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Ground Survey ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
2D And 3D

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Being a developing nation, India is facing an array of problems owing to the huge population shift from rural to urban areas, thereby leading to an increasing urbanisation trend since the 1980s. As a result, the process of urban planning in India is extremely tedious and requires lots of manual intervention. Although the recent developments in GIS have immensely helped urban planners, extensive ground survey is still a big challenge in the context of Indian cities. In this work, the study area has been chosen as Mehmedabad which is a Tier-3 city in the state of Gujarat. A rigorous grass root oriented ground survey involving each and every household of Mehmedabad has been utilised for both requirement elicitation and site-suitability purposes. With the aid of both 2D and 3D GIS, a city development plan has been proposed for the year 2031. The planning process incorporated population projection, water supply demand, sewage discharge and road network analysis for building robust development control regulations which were essential to improve the socio-economic aspects of Mehmedabad. Additionally, cost estimations for each of the proposed sectors have been carried out so as to maintain an appropriate budget for uplifting the existing infrastructures of the city.</p>

Unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Pérez-delHoyo ◽  
María Dolores Andújar-Montoya ◽  
Higinio Mora ◽  
Virgilio Gilart-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unexpected Consequences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments. Prediction within the urban planning process often presents difficulties and unintended consequences. It is not enough to develop a good project. Unexpected consequences are possible because of the environment. The authors argue that these problems of uncertainty can be minimized with citizen participation and the use of new technologies. Design/methodology/approach The problem of how urban planning initiatives result in unexpected consequences is described. These effects are determined by studying a series of cities and real urban environments. A case study on urban accessibility is developed for a better understanding of the problem. Findings Avoiding unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments is strongly linked to the concept of Smart City 3.0. This concept is based on the co-creation. In this line to address the problem, a citizen-centric methodology using the latest information and communications technologies and internet of things technologies is presented. As a practical application, different categories of unexpected events related to the Faculty of Education building at the University of Alicante have been identified as a consequence of the impact of its environment. An uncomfortable or non-accessible environment causes unforeseen behaviour of individuals. Originality/value There are no analytical tools to investigate how aspects of the urban environment cause uncertainty about the acceptance of projects by future citizen users. This work takes a step forward in that direction.

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