scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGIES FOR LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL AESTHETICS IN URBAN PLANNING / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO EKOLOGINĖS ESTETINĖS URBANISTINIO PLANAVIMO METODOLOGIJOS PALYGINAMOJI ANALIZĖ

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Jankevica
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Ecological Aesthetics ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
High Level ◽  
Landscape Ecological

Areas with high level of urbanisation provoke frequent conflicts between nature and people. There is a lack of cooperation between planners and nature scientists in urban studies and planning process. Landscapes usually are studied using the ecological and aesthetical approaches separately. However, the future of urban planning depends on integration of these two approaches. This research study looks into different methods of landscape ecological aesthetics and presents a combined method for urban areas. The methods of landscape visual aesthetical assessment, biotope structure analysis, landscape ecology evaluation and multi-disciplinary expert level are compared in the article. A comparison of obtained values is summarized by making a comparative matrix. As a result, a multi-stage model for landscape ecological aesthetics evaluation in urban territories is presented. This ecological aesthetics model can be successfully used for development of urban territories. Santrauka Aukštas teritorinės urbanizacijos lygis skatina dažną gamtos ir žmogaus konfliktą. Urbanistinio planavimo studijų procesuose trūksta bendradarbiavimo tarp urbanistinių teritorijų planavimo ir gamtos mokslo srityse dirbančių mokslininkų. Kraštovaizdis dažnai tyrinėjamas atskirai, taikant ekologinius ir estetinius metodus. Tačiau miestų planavimo ateitis priklauso nuo šių dviejų metodų integracijos. Šio tyrimo metu nagrinėjami skirtingi kraštovaizdžio ekologinės estetikos metodai ir pateikiamas apibendrintas urbanizuotoms teritorijoms skirtas sprendimas. Palyginti kraštovaizdžio vizualinio estetinio vertinimo, biotopų struktūros analizės, kraštovaizdžio ekologijos vertinimo metodai ir įvairių sričių ekspertų išvados. Gauti rezultatai suvesti į palyginamąją matricą. Viso to rezultatas – urbanistinių teritorijų daugiapakopis kraštovaizdžio ekologinės estetikos vertinimo modelis. Šis ekologinės estetikos modelis gali būti sėkmingai taikomas urbanistinių teritorijų plėtrai.

Mainstreaming Pandemic in Urban Planning: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-424
Author(s):  
Abha Agarwal ◽  
Kusum Lata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Population ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The World

Cities, the main places where majority of the world population resides, are the centres of economic growth and innovation. Globally, the urban areas are facing public health emergency (Covid-19 pandemic), which has affected the economic and social lives of people and all the activities have come to a standstill. The issue of urban vulnerability has been brought up in context to pandemics and communities need to be prepared for it. The article focuses on the measures taken by the Indian government during the lockdown and about how successful were these measures in controlling the spread of the virus infection. The lacunae in the urban planning policies have been analysed with a focus on community participation in the decision-making to combat disasters. Examples of successful community participation in cities from India and abroad have been highlighted. Finally, policy initiatives have been identified by which the future epidemics can be handled in an organised manner, by making the urban planning process more citizen centric.

Authenticity and relocation of built heritage: the urban transformation of Kiruna, Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different notions about the conservation of built heritage develop in a situation of structural change that demands either the demolition or relocation of a large number of historic buildings. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a case study of the on-going urban transformation of the Swedish mining town Kiruna. The investigation was based on the text analysis of urban planning documents and media reporting, which was used to distinguish stakeholders’ positions towards conservation based on authenticity aspects. Findings The conservation goals of the urban planning process are unclear and the stakeholders have conceptually different views regarding which parts of the town’s built heritage are of significance, which negatively affects the ability to make well informed, transparent and intelligible management decisions. Stakeholder views on the management of built heritage span from the relocation of a few, single historic buildings to maintaining the integrity of the town as a heritage site by moving a significant number of buildings. Research limitations/implications The Kiruna case, being exceptional because conservation in situ is impossible, has the potential to highlight the relation between single historic buildings and the integrity of an urban heritage site, as well as implications for conservation on the urban scale. Originality/value This investigation contributes to knowledge of built heritage in situations of structural change, which is of concern for planning and conservation practice. Currently, many urban areas are under pressure of transformations or destruction.

scholarly journals Sustainable development, planning and poverty alleviation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Bolay ◽  
◽  
Eléonore Labattut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
World Population ◽  
The South ◽  
The World

In 2018, the world population is around 7.6 billion, 4.2 billion in urban settlements and 3.4 billion in rural areas. Of this total, according to UN-Habitat, 3.2 billion of urban inhabitants live in southern countries. Of them, one billion, or nearly a third, live in slums. Urban poverty is therefore an endemic problem that has not been solved despite all initiatives taken to date by public and private sectors. This global transformation of our contemporary societies is particularly challenging in Asia and Africa, knowing that on these two continents, less than half of the population currently lives in urban areas. In addition, over the next decades, 90% of the urbanization process will take place in these major regions of the world. Urban planning is not an end in itself. It is a way, human and technological, to foresee the future and to act in a consistent and responsible way in order to guarantee the wellbeing of the populations residing in cities or in their peripheries. Many writers and urban actors in the South have criticized the inadequacy of urban planning to the problems faced by the cities confronting spatial and demographic growth. For many of them the reproduction of Western models of planning is ineffective when the urban context responds to very different logics. It is therefore a question of reinventing urban planning on different bases. And in order to address the real problems that urban inhabitants and authorities are facing, and offering infrastructures and access to services for all, this with the prospect of reducing poverty, to develop a more inclusive city, with a more efficient organization, in order to make it sustainable, both environmental than social and economic. The field work carried out during recent years in small and medium-sized cities in Burkina Faso, Brazil, Argentina and Vietnam allows us to focus the attention of specialists and decision makers on intermediate cities that have been little studied but which are home to half of the world's urban population. From local diagnoses, we come to a first conclusion. Many small and medium-sized cities in the South can be considered as poor cities, from four criteria. They have a relatively large percentage of the population is considered to be poor; the local government and its administration do not have enough money to invest in solving the problems they face; these same authorities lack the human resources to initiate and manage an efficient planning process; urban governance remains little open to democratic participation and poorly integrates social demand into its development plans. Based on this analysis, we consider it is imperative to renovate urban planning as part of a more participatory process that meets the expectations of citizens with more realistic criteria. This process incorporates different stages: an analysis grounded on the identification of urban investment needed to improve the city; the consideration of the social demands; a realistic assessment of the financial resources to be mobilized (municipal budget, taxes, public and international external grants, public private partnership); a continuous dialogue between urban actors to determine the urban priorities to be addressed in the coming years. This protocol serves as a basis for comparative studies between cities in the South and a training program initiated in Argentina for urban actors in small and medium sized cities, which we wish to extend later to other countries of the South

Mülteciler ve Hatay’da geleceğin plansız inşası

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Zehra Güngördü ◽  
Erhan Kurtarır
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Strategic Planning Process ◽  
Integration Strategy

Birleşmiş Milletler verilerine göre mültecilerin ağırlıkla kentsel alanlarda yaşamaktadır. Günümüzde de mültecilerin görece daha insani koşullarda yaşama imkanı bulacaklarına inandıkları küresel kentlere doğru göç ettikleri görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kent mültecileri konusunda şehir planlama pratiklerinin görmezden geldiği mülteci sorununa dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla, mültecilerin Hatay’daki koşulları, yerel dinamikler ve bir toplumsal entegrasyon stratejisi olarak mülteci çocuklarının eğitimi konusu ele alınması gerektiği hatırlatılmakta ve bu amaca ulaşmak için gerekli planlama erkinin sorumlulukları tartışmaya açmaktadır. Çalışmanın örnek kenti olarak Hatay ve kentin mekânsal stratejik planlama süreci seçilmiştir.ENGLISH ABSTRACTRefugees and future in Hatay without a planAccording to UN data’s, refugee distribution on world wide shows us most of the refugees are living in urban areas. It can be seen that today refugee’s migrating into the direction of global cities to find better living condition. This paper aims to draw attention to the urban refugee problematic which is overlooked by urban planning practices today in Turkey. For this purpose, conditions of refugees in Hatay, local dynamics and education of refugee children will be evaluated as social integration strategy and needed responsibility of planning authority in order to reach that goal will be discussed. Hatay and it’s spatial strategic planning process has been selected as the case study of this paper.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL AESTHETICS OF GREEN SPACES IN LATVIAN LARGE CITIES / LATVIJOS DIDŽIŲJŲ MIESTŲ ŽALIŲJŲ ERDVIŲ KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO EKOLOGINĖS ESTETIKOS VERTINIMAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Jankevica
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Ecological Aesthetics ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Aesthetic Characteristics ◽  
Landscape Ecological

Recently wide process of urbanisation and migration of inhabitants from rural areas to large cities occurs in Latvia. The proportion of green areas in urban territories is decreasing with time, therefore it is important to maintain the existing greenery system and build a new ecosystem that would connect the existing areas. Currently the principles of landscape ecology and aesthetics are not always included in urban planning or land use plans in Latvia. The aim of the study was to assess landscape ecological aesthetic characteristics of green areas in four Latvian cities – Liepaja, Jelgava, Rezekne and Valmiera. The evaluation matrix contains the following criteria for assessing the landscape aesthetics: the order, accordance to the nearby architecture, visible human intention, particularity, and the following criteria for assessing the landscape ecology: biodiversity, dominance of native species, naturalness and wilderness. In the research, a variety of urban green areas – such as parks, squares and waterfront areas – was evaluated. Santrauka Pastaruoju metu Latvijoje vyksta intensyvus urbanizacijos ir gyventojų migracijos iš kaimo vietovių į didžiuosius miestus procesas. Žalieji plotai miestų teritorijose ilgainiui traukiasi, todėl svarbu išlaikyti esamą žaliųjų plotų sistemą ir sukurti naują ekosistemą, kuri sujungtų esamus plotus. Šiuo metu Latvijoje kraštovaizdžio ekologijos ir estetikos principai ne visuo­met įtraukiami į miestų ar kraštovaizdžio planavimo projektus. Studijos tikslas – įvertinti keturių Latvijos miestų – Liepojos, Jelgavos, Rezeknės ir Valmieros žaliųjų plotų kraštovaizdžio ekologines estetines charakteristikas. Vertinta pagal šiuos kraštovaizdžio estetikos kriterijus: tvarka, atitiktis architektūrai, akivaizdus humaniškumas, išskirtinumas; taip pat pagal šiuos kraštovaizdžio ekologijos kriterijus: biologinė įvairovė, vietinių rūšių dominavimas, natūralumas, laisvumas. Tyrime įvertinti įvairūs miesto žalieji plotai: parkai, aikštės ir krantinės. Straipsnis anglų kalba.

scholarly journals Fear of crime in the capital cities of the former Yugoslav Republics

Sociologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Sladjana Djuric ◽  
Branislava Popovic-Citic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
High Level

Although the fear of crime has been the subject of intensive study carried out by criminologists and sociologists in other countries for more than four decades, domestic theoretical and empirical examination of this complex phenomenon is almost nonexistent. The main objectives of this study are determining the prevalence and possible differences in the fear of crime among the residents of major cities of the former Yugoslav republics. The analysis uses data collected as part of the regional research project ?The Fear of Crime in Large Cities?. The method of interviewing in households using a specially created questionnaire is applied on a multi-stage random sample of 1977 adult respondents living in urban areas of the cities. By choosing the appropriate questionnaire items, three scales to measure affective, cognitive and behavioral dimensions of the fear of crime and a unified scale of the general construct were made for the purpose of this study. All scales have high internal consistency reliability. The results show that a significant percentage of people who exhibit a high level of the fear of crime are present in all cities, regardless of the size of the dimension tested. Higher prevalence of the fear of crime is determined by measuring the extent of affective and up to a point behavioral dimension, while the prevalence of fear of crime is slightly lower on the level of the cognitive dimension. Statistically significant differences in the level of fear of crime among residents of cities studied are identified on all scales.

scholarly journals A GRASS ROOT ORIENTED URBAN PLANNING APPROACH TO UPLIFT THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACET OF A CITY USING 2D AND 3D GIS: CASE STUDY ON MEHMEDABAD CITY, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol IV-4 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
S. Gupta ◽  
C. Shah ◽  
D. Shah ◽  
P. Deore ◽  
S. Majumdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
City Development ◽  
3D Gis ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Ground Survey ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
2D And 3D

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Being a developing nation, India is facing an array of problems owing to the huge population shift from rural to urban areas, thereby leading to an increasing urbanisation trend since the 1980s. As a result, the process of urban planning in India is extremely tedious and requires lots of manual intervention. Although the recent developments in GIS have immensely helped urban planners, extensive ground survey is still a big challenge in the context of Indian cities. In this work, the study area has been chosen as Mehmedabad which is a Tier-3 city in the state of Gujarat. A rigorous grass root oriented ground survey involving each and every household of Mehmedabad has been utilised for both requirement elicitation and site-suitability purposes. With the aid of both 2D and 3D GIS, a city development plan has been proposed for the year 2031. The planning process incorporated population projection, water supply demand, sewage discharge and road network analysis for building robust development control regulations which were essential to improve the socio-economic aspects of Mehmedabad. Additionally, cost estimations for each of the proposed sectors have been carried out so as to maintain an appropriate budget for uplifting the existing infrastructures of the city.</p>

The Role of the Solar Irradiation Plate for Estimation of the Insolation Regime of Urban Territories and Buildings

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adham Giyasov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Urban Territories

The article is devoted to the actual problems of modern urban planning – the development of an insolation (solar irradiation) plate and its wide application in the solution of town planning tasks for the summer warm period with the aim of creating a comfortable insolation, light and microclimatic environment in buildings and urban areas.

scholarly journals CITY-FORMING ELEMENT AS A UNIT OF STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF URBAN AREAS STATE AND CONVERSION PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. FILANOVA ◽  
Kirill E. NIKONOV
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Actual State ◽  
City Development ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The City ◽  
Transformation Processes

The paper views the possibility of urban studies from the position of selected city-forming elements, whose quality and value characteristics are the indicators of actual state and transformation processes of urban areas. These elements become key elements to determine the vector of city development and urban planning forecast allows to evaluate and to monitor urban planning decisions. This city awareness permits to identify the values criteria of designed objects (spaces) and their grounds, presenting certain requirements for development of diff erent urban areas. Integration of the city-forming elements reveals a «complicated» relationship between the various parts of the city than is commonly believed today.

A Study of the Pass Loss Models Based on Measurement and Simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 678-683
Author(s):  
Yi Huai Yang ◽  
Yan Ping Sun ◽  
Dong Ya Shen ◽  
Yong Gang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Frequency Assignment ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Macro Cell ◽  
High Level

Modeling the radio channel has historically been one of the most difficult parts of mobile radio system design. Channel modeling is the basis for the high-level network planning process (antennae heights, frequency assignment, base station subsystem parameter set, network architecture, etc... ). In this contribution, we will compare two of the most important outdoor macro-cell models, COST 231-WI model and ECC-33 model with simulation and measurement. The measurement is taken in urban areas.

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