scholarly journals Awareness, attitude and practises of biomedical waste management amongst public health-care staff in Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javeed Ahamed Golandaj ◽  
Karabasappa Gadigeppa Kallihal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Enormous amount of biomedical wastes (BMW) produced everyday across the world. Management of BMW depends on adherence to protocol. BMW management at generation point, definitely, depends upon the awareness, attitudes and practises of health-care staff, the purpose of this study will assess the awareness, attitude and practise regarding different aspects of BMW. Design/methodology/approach An observational with appropriate checklists, and a cross-sectional study, involving questionnaires, was conducted during 7-24 January 2016. The existing system of BMW management, funds, resources, etc., knowledge, attitude and practises about BMW were assessed amongst 273 health-care workers in selected public health-care institutes of Karnataka. Findings Of 273 study participants, majority (54%) of them have not received any training pertaining to BMW. The results showed a poor level of knowledge and awareness of BMW management amongst health-care personnel. Merely, 43% of the participants correctly knew the categorization of BMW and its disposal in proper colour-coded bins/bags. Awareness is very poor amongst the lower age group, male participants, lab-technicians/pharmacists and supporting staff. Doctors were good at theoretical knowledge such as rules, legislation and public-health importance of BMW management than the practical aspects such as categorization and colour-coding. Further, the attitude of health-care staff is favourable about BMW. Immunization for hepatitis-B was very poor amongst waste handlers (43%). Originality/value As the awareness and practise regarding BMW management were poor across different health-care staff there is a need to conduct periodic training and regular monitoring with special focus on the proper use of personal protective equipment. Further, precautionary immunization should be provided, especially waste handlers and sanitary workers.

SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among the Health Care Staff of an Ophthalmological Reference Centre, a Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fátima Sofía Magaña-Guerrero ◽  
Diana Hinojosa Trujillo ◽  
Beatriz Buentello-Volante ◽  
José Eduardo Aguayo-Flores ◽  
Edgar Alonso Melgoza-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Centre

Knowledge and Attitude toward Medication Error among Pharmacists

2020 ◽  
pp. 001857872096541
Author(s):  
Ruzmayuddin Mamat ◽  
Siti Asarida Awang ◽  
Siti Azlina Mohd Ariffin ◽  
Zahida Zakaria ◽  
Mastura Hanim Che Zam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Institutions ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitude toward medication error (ME) among pharmacists working in public health care institutions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists working in public health care institutions. Respondents were randomly recruited from 5 hospitals and 25 primary healthcare clinics in the state of Pahang, Malaysia. A set of self-administered questionnaires was used to assess their knowledge and attitude, distributed as a web-based survey. Knowledge and attitude toward ME reporting were assessed using five-point Likert-scale. This study was conducted between May and July 2019. Results: A total of 186 respondents participated in the study. A majority of respondents were female (n = 144). About 90% of the respondents had good score on knowledge on ME. Only 25.4% of the respondents had favorable attitude toward ME reporting. Female pharmacists ( P = .001), more experienced pharmacists ( P = .012) and those working in primary health clinics ( P = .014) were associated with more favorable attitude. Knowledge did not correlate well with attitude toward ME reporting (r = 0.08, P = .29). Conclusion: Despite having good knowledge on ME, the attitude toward ME reporting was still very poor among the pharmacists.

scholarly journals Patterns and predictors of private and public health care utilization in an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvis Wambiya ◽  
Peter O Otieno ◽  
Martin Kavao Mutua ◽  
Hermann Pythagore Pierre Donfouet ◽  
Shukri F Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables

Abstract BackgroundKnowledge of health care utilization is particularly crucial in low-and middle-income countries where inequalities in burden of disease and access to primary health care exist. Inconclusive evidence exists on health-seeking and utilization of health facilities in the informal settlements in Kenya. This study assessed the patterns and predictors of private and public health care utilization in an urban informal settlement in Kenya.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the Lown scholars study conducted between June and July 2018. It was nested within the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Households were selected using simple random sampling and data obtained for all household members who reported having sought care for an illness in the 12 months preceding the study. Data were collected on health-seeking behaviour and explanatory variables (predisposing, enabling, and need) using an adaptation of Andersen’s conceptual framework. Health care utilization patterns by explanatory variables were described using proportions and multinomial logistic regression used to identify the predictors of private or public health care use.ResultsThree hundred and sixty-four members from 300 households sought care for an illness in the 12 months preceding the study. Almost half (47%) of the respondents sought care from private facilities while about 33% and 20% used public and other facilities, respectively. Health care utilization was influenced by enabling and need factors. Health insurance coverage was associated with private health facility use (aOR 3.06; 95% CI 1.48 – 6.31). Satisfaction with the quality of care was associated with lower use of public facilities (aOR 0.31; CI 0.11 – 0.84) while satisfaction with cost of care was associated with higher use of public facilities (aOR 2.09; CI 1.01 – 4.29). Members who reported an acute infection were more likely to use private facilities (aOR 3.07; 95% CI 1.52 – 6.18).ConclusionsHealth care utilization in the urban informal settlements favours private health facility use. As Kenya commits to achieving universal health coverage, interventions to improve health care access in informal and low-resource settlements should be modelled around enabling and need factors, particularly health care financing and quality of health care provision.

scholarly journals SAFETY OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE FOR COVID-19 PROPHYLAXIS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
SANGEETA KHANNA ◽  
NITUL M BEWAL ◽  
AMIT ARORA ◽  
KRISHNA PRASAD G V
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
Harmful Effects

Objective: Indian Council of Medical Research recommended hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for prophylaxis of COVID‐19 for healthcare workers and the Food and Drug Administration approved its use in the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID‐19 disease. Even though HCQ is adequately tolerated in usual circumstances, still questions about the harmful effects of the drug remain a cause for concern in adults treated with HCQ. The objective of this study was to evaluate the major and minor adverse effects of prophylactic HCQ for COVID-19 among healthcare workers. Methods: Our analysis was intended to analyze HCQ’s adverse drug reaction profile for COVID‐19 prophylaxis in prophylactic doses in health-care staff. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among healthcare workers taking HCQ prophylaxis for COVID‑19. The study was carried out over 08 weeks period from April to May 2020. The data were obtained regarding age, sex, comorbidities, and possible adverse effects. A pretested and validated online questionnaire was provided to the participants to assess the harmful effects that they experienced when taking HCQ. Furthermore, pre and post 8 weeks prophylaxis, individuals underwent general and systemic examination, along with ECG and blood sugar level monitoring. Results: The research group comprised 70 previously healthy and health-care staff. In 70 patients, 27 minor adverse effects were reported (18.9%). Headache was the most frequently reported symptoms followed by nausea and vomiting, itching, and skin rashes. There was no statistically relevant variation in harmful effects due to age or number of doses administered. However, none of the adverse effects was serious or debilitating. Conclusion: With adequate pre-prophylaxis evaluation, health education, and regular monitoring, HCQ prophylaxis is safe and devoid of any serious adverse effects in previously healthy individuals.

scholarly journals KlebSeq, a Diagnostic Tool for Surveillance, Detection, and Monitoring of Klebsiella pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2582-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolene R. Bowers ◽  
Darrin Lemmer ◽  
Jason W. Sahl ◽  
Talima Pearson ◽  
Elizabeth M. Driebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Content Type

Health care-acquired infections (HAIs) kill tens of thousands of people each year and add significantly to health care costs. Multidrug-resistant and epidemic strains are a large proportion of HAI agents, and multidrug-resistant strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniae, a leading HAI agent, have caused an urgent public health crisis. In the health care environment, patient colonization byK. pneumoniaeprecedes infection, and transmission via colonization leads to outbreaks. Periodic patient screening forK. pneumoniaecolonization has the potential to curb the number of HAIs. In this report, we describe the design and validation of KlebSeq, a highly informative screening tool that detectsKlebsiellaspecies and identifies clinically important strains and characteristics by using highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing without a live-culturing step. We demonstrate the utility of this tool on several complex specimen types, including urine, wound swabs and tissue, and several types of respiratory and fecal specimens, showingK. pneumoniaespecies and clonal group identification and antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling, including capsule typing. Use of this amplicon sequencing tool to screen patients forKlebsiellacarriage could inform health care staff of the risk of infection and outbreak potential. KlebSeq also serves as a model for next-generation molecular tools for public health and health care, as expansion of this tool can be used for several other HAI agents or applications.

scholarly journals Distribution of mammograms and mammography offering in relation to the parametric care of the Public Health Care System in Pernambuco

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-618
Author(s):  
Maria Tatiane Alves da Silva ◽  
Valdecir Barbosa da Silva Júnior ◽  
Jorgiana de Oliveira Mangueira ◽  
Garibaldi Dantas Gurgel Junior ◽  
Eliane Maria Medeiros Leal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Health Care System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Installed Capacity ◽  
Care System

Abstract Objective: to describe the distribution of available mammograms in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (Public Health Care System) and the mammography offering were carried out by this system, throughout the health regions in Pernambuco State, and compared them with the parametric care recommended by the Ministry of Health. Methods: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study that used secondary mammograms data in December 2016 by the Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (National Registy on Health Establishments); and about mammography performed at SUS in 2016 by the Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (Ambulatory Information System). The parametric care document No. 1.631/2015 was used as a comparability standard in relation to the distribution of the equipment and the mammography offering. Results: Pernambuco State presented approximately the double amount of mammograms and mammography was performed about 46% below the recommended parameter used in this study. All the health regions presented sufficient quantity of mammograms. However, the use of the installed capacity was less than 50% in all the health regions in the state. Conclusions: this study shows the need for a better use of the installed capacity for mammograms in Pernambuco State taken by the insufficient mammography offering and the poor distribution of the equipment in its territory.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among hospital staff of West Bengal during COVID-19 outbreak: A hospital based cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amitava Acharyya ◽  
Susmita Ghosh ◽  
Manas Ghosh ◽  
Kalyan Sarkar ◽  
Sonali Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: COVID-19 disease is a highly contagious and totally unknown disease which is caused by SARS-CoV-2. This disease spread throughout the world irrespective of social, economical and political variation. Health care staff are the frontline COVID-19 worrier and their understanding of this disease is very important. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 disease among the healthcare staff of a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal. Materials and Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at Murshidabad Medical College, Murshidabad from 25th April, 2020 to 2nd May, 2020. A total of 214 health care staff (83 nurses, 75 doctors, 20 para-medical staff, 24 administrative staff, and 12 sweepers) participated in this questionnaire based KAP study. The questionnaire was prepared according to the World Health Organization’ on Corona virus disease (COVID-19) “advice for the public”. The Systematic random sampling procedure was employed for data collection. The data was analysed using T-test, ANOVA, chi-square test and regression model. The informed consent was taken from each participant. Result: Female (62%) participants were more than male (38%) participants. Mean age of the participants was 27.03±7.63 years. About the half participants were unmarried (55%) and studied up to bachelor’s degree (49%). The overall knowledge score found to be “medium level” with 77% reporting correct answers. The knowledge score was statistically different among age group, education level, marital status and occupational group of health care staff in this hospital by univariate analysis. The good attitudes and good practices were not related with knowledge score. The majority of the respondents (78%) had confidence on their attitude that “India can win the battle against COVID-19”. Only 86% participants wore masks while going out in the lock-down period and 79% participants had not visited any crowded place. Only 18% participants used traditional home remedies for flu like symptoms. In multivariate analysis, doctors were found with better knowledge score and attitude towards COVID-19 than other healthcare staff in this hospital. Conclusion: The two preventive practice (social isolation and mask use) and optimistic attitude towards COVID-19 of health care staff were not totally depended on COVID-19 related knowledge score. However, knowledge score was depended on marital status, educational background, age, occupation and place of residence. Government should emphasize more on COVID-19 related health education and health promotion programme at community level.

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