Would the big government approach increasingly fail to lead to good decision?

Kybernetes ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo A. Fiorini
Keyword(s):  
System Application ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Single Quantum ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Full System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Extended Theory ◽  
Strategic Assessment ◽  
Assessment Policies

Purpose This paper aims to offer an innovative and original solution methodology proposal to the problem of arbitrary complex multiscale (ACM) ontological uncertainty management (OUM). The solution is based on the postulate that society is an ACM system of purposive actors within continuous change. Present social problems are multiscale-order deficiencies, which cannot be fixed by the traditional hierarchical approach alone, by doing what one does better or more intensely, but rather by changing the way one does it. Design/methodology/approach This paper treasures several past guidelines, from McCulloch, Wiener, Conant, Ashby and von Foerster to Bateson, Beer and Rosen’s concept of a non-trivial system to arrive to an indispensable and key anticipatory learning system (ALS) component for managing unexpected perturbations by an antifragility approach as defined by Taleb. This ALS component is the key part of our new methodology called “computational information conservation theory (CICT) OUM” approach, based on brand new numeric system behavior awareness from CICT. Findings To achieve an antifragility behavior, next generation system must use new CICT OUM-like approach to face the problem of multiscale OUM effectively and successfully. In this manner, homeodynamic operating equilibria can emerge out of a self-organizing landscape of self-structuring attractor points in a natural way. Research limitations/implications This paper presents a relevant contribution toward a new post-Bertalanffy Extended Theory of Systems. Due to its intrinsic self-scaling properties, this system approach can be applied at any system scale: from single quantum system application development to full system governance strategic assessment policies and beyond. Practical implications The new post-Bertalanffy Extended Theory of Systems Framework allows, for the first time, social, biological and biomedical engineering ideal system categorization levels, from an operational perspective, to be matched exactly to practical system modeling interaction styles, with no paradigmatic operational ambiguity and information loss. Social implications Even new social and advanced health and wellbeing information application can successfully and reliably manage higher system complexity than contemporary ones, with a minimum of design specification and less system final operative environment knowledge at design level. The present paper offers for discussion an innovative solution proposal for the complex society and big government modeling and management approach. Originality/value Specifically, advanced wellbeing applications, high reliability organization, mission critical project system, very low technological risk and crisis management system can benefit highly from our new methodology called CICT OUM approach and related techniques. This paper presents a relevant contribution toward a new post-Bertalanffy Extended Theory of Systems. Due to its intrinsic self-scaling properties, this system approach can be applied at any system scale: from a single quantum system application development to full system governance strategic assessment policies and beyond.

scholarly journals Logic and Order

2017 ◽  
pp. 283-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo A. Fiorini
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Uncertainty Management ◽  
Full Information ◽  
Single Quantum ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Strategic Assessment ◽  
Assessment Policies ◽  
Information Conservation

Traditional human representation is unable to conserve complete information. Therefore ignorance, uncertainty, ambiguity to mankind's best conceivable worldview are even more amplified. To minimize this problem, we need to develop a reliable and effective ontological uncertainty management (OUM) approach. To reach this goal requires starting from traditional mankind worldview to arrive at a convenient OUM framework. Learning from neuroscience helps to develop neuromorphic systems able to overcome previous representation limitations by appropriate OUM solution. Furthermore, according to CICT (computational information conservation theory), the information content of any symbolic representation emerges from the capturing of two fundamental coupled components, i.e. the linear one (unfolded) and the nonlinear one (folded), interacting with their environment. Thanks to its intrinsic self-scaling properties, this system approach can be applied at any system scale, from single quantum system application to full system governance strategic assessment policies and beyond. A detailed OUM application example, taking advantage of the well-known EPM (elementary pragmatic model) by De Giacomo & Silvestri, to achieve full information extraction and conservation, is presented. This chapter is a relevant contribution to effective OUM solution development framework for learning and creativity, emerging from a Post-Bertalanffy General Theory of Systems.

A Full-System Approach of the Elastohydrodynamic Line/Point Contact Problem

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Habchi ◽  
D. Eyheramendy ◽  
P. Vergne ◽  
G. Morales-Espejel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Nonlinear System ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Jacobian Matrix ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Nonlinear System Of Equations ◽  
Full System ◽  
Element Discretization ◽  
Fully Coupled

The solution of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) problem involves the simultaneous resolution of the hydrodynamic (Reynolds equation) and elastic problems (elastic deformation of the contacting surfaces). Up to now, most of the numerical works dealing with the modeling of the isothermal EHL problem were based on a weak coupling resolution of the Reynolds and elasticity equations (semi-system approach). The latter were solved separately using iterative schemes and a finite difference discretization. Very few authors attempted to solve the problem in a fully coupled way, thus solving both equations simultaneously (full-system approach). These attempts suffered from a major drawback which is the almost full Jacobian matrix of the nonlinear system of equations. This work presents a new approach for solving the fully coupled isothermal elastohydrodynamic problem using a finite element discretization of the corresponding equations. The use of the finite element method allows the use of variable unstructured meshing and different types of elements within the same model which leads to a reduced size of the problem. The nonlinear system of equations is solved using a Newton procedure which provides faster convergence rates. Suitable stabilization techniques are used to extend the solution to the case of highly loaded contacts. The complexity is the same as for classical algorithms, but an improved convergence rate, a reduced size of the problem and a sparse Jacobian matrix are obtained. Thus, the computational effort, time and memory usage are considerably reduced.

Enabling lifelong learning: the key to agility at ThoughtWorks India

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Arun Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Continual Learning

Purpose The paper aims to describe the innovative learning culture, practices and processes at ThoughtWorks India (TWI), a software application development company in India. These practices support continual learning and development at the level of employees, project teams and the entire organization. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws upon the unique case of TWI. It describes the need for continual learning at TWI. It then describes how the organization has promoted a culture of continual learning on an individual, team and organizational level. It explains how the learning practices and processes aligns to the project level and organizational goals. Findings Because of the complex and difficult nature of software development projects that TWI takes up regularly, it needs its employees to be at the cutting edge of technological skills and know-how. If this was to be attempted through formal training programs, it would turn out to be extremely expensive and inefficient way of learning for TWI. Instead, TWI relies on on-the-job-learning. It does so through a variety of innovative work practices that are described in the paper. It also achieves its learning goals through a culture that supports continual learning and development of employees. Practical implications The learning related practices, processes and mechanisms used at TWI can be emulated by companies in the software development industry. This will ensure that employees learn and develop their skill-sets all the time and remain at the cutting edge of technological developments. This will help organizations pitch for and successfully deliver difficult and complex software development projects that add very high value to their clients. Social implications The social implications of the approach followed by TWI are positive. Employees are motivated to improve themselves every day. They understand the need for doing so. Also, they appreciate the fact that TWI supports continual learning and development. Knowledge sharing among employees is encouraged through the practices followed almost daily in projects. Originality/value The paper considers a unique set of learning and development practices, processes and mechanisms in TWI, a software development company in India.

Qualification as a societal challenge and the role of higher education from a system approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro R. Goulart ◽  
Lara B. Liboni ◽  
Luciana O. Cezarino
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Change Framework ◽  
Original Application ◽  
Societal Challenge ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
System Methodology

PurposeLooking at the planet as our main and unique asset, the authors encounter fragile zones needing special attention more than others, such as emerging countries. One of their most urgent problems is the qualification gap of the workforce and the consequent increasing poverty and social exclusion. Their backward education system is partially responsible for this disparity, especially in technology-related sectors. In this sense, higher education institutions (HEIs) play a fundamental role in shortening this gap and solving this dichotomy. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systemic study to address the qualification gap of emerging countries, offering a framework to minimize this grand societal challenge, taking Brazilian economy as example.Design/methodology/approachUsing the soft system methodology (SSM), the authors propose systemic solutions to the qualification gap in Brazil by analyzing different stakeholder perceptions and developing a feasible-change framework to transition to an enhanced higher education (HE) model in Brazil.FindingsResults show three main aspects that draw the framework: the education of social and emotional skills, internship support during the first experience in the job market and a closer relationship with employer companies.Research limitations/implicationsAs a future direction, the framework proposes positive changes focused on soft skills-based education and the partnership between companies and HEIs.Originality/valueThe contribution relies on an original application of a system methodology to propose solutions to the qualification gap, involving different stakeholders, their salience and perceptions. The use of SSM to analyze complex problems from stakeholders' perspectives demonstrated how a system approach could empower the stakeholder theory in addressing grand societal challenges.

Focused Requirements Engineering Method for Web Application Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 1537-1545
Author(s):  
Ala M. Abu-Samaha ◽  
Lana S. Al-Salem
Keyword(s):  
Requirements Engineering ◽  
System Application ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Web Engineering ◽  
Business Objectives ◽  
Application Requirements ◽  
The Web

The requirements phase of the system/application development process typically involves the activities of requirements elicitation, analysis, validation, and specification. The main goal of such a process is “to develop a requirements speci- fication document which defines the system to be procured and which can act as a basis for the system design” (Sawyer, Sommerville, & Viller, 1996). Hence the underpinning assumption of the requirements engineering (RE) process is to transform the operational needs of an organisation into complete, consistent, and unambiguous system/application specifications through an iterative process of definition and validation (Pohl ,1994). The Web engineering (WE) literature provides a limited number of methods and techniques that can be used to manage the RE process in a Web development context [e3-value framework (Gordijn, Akkermans, & van Vliet, 2000), SOARE approach (Bleistein, Aurum, Cox, & Ray, 2004), e-prototyping (Bleek, Jeenicke, & Klischewski, 2002), AWARE (Bolchini & Paolini, 2004), and SSM/ICDT (Meldrum & Rose, 2004)]. Despite the availability of such a limited number of Web requirements engineering (WRE) methods, many researchers criticised such methods for their failure to address the necessity to align the Web application’ requirements to the organisation’s business strategy. Hence, the recommendation of many researchers (Al-Salem & Abu- Samaha, 2005a; Bleistein 2005; Bleistein, Cox, & Verner, 2004; Vidgen, Avison, Wood, & Wood-Harper, 2002) is to utilise a general WRE framework for the development of Web applications that can align the application’s requirements to the organisation’s business needs and its future vision. The objective of such a WRE framework is to incorporate the elicitation/analysis of business strategy as part of the application’s RE process. This chapter presents a WRE method that extends Sommerville and Kotonya’s viewpoint-oriented requirements definition (VORD) and Kaplan and Norton’s balanced scorecard (BSC) to elicit the Web application’ requirements and to plan/analyze the business strategy, respectively. In addition, eWARE (extended Web application requirements engineering) deploys the concept of “requirements alignment” to attain business objectives during the requirements discovery, elicitation, and formalisation process to identify the services of the Web application that will achieve the business objectives in order to improve the organisation’s profitability and competitiveness. The chapter is organised into a number of sections. The second section of this chapter provides a background to Web applications in terms of defi- nition and differentiating characteristics. The third section provides a discussion of eWARE method in terms of phases and activities. This section is divided into two subsections to cover the activities of the two prominent phases of the eWARE process in more detail. The fourth and fifth sections provide a discussion of possible future trends in WRE and a number of concluding remarks.

Contextualizing library assessment within a broader ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Madsen ◽  
Megan Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Library Directors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Library Assessment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Strategic Assessment ◽  
Culture Of Assessment ◽  
Assessment Performance ◽  
The Continuum

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to draw a picture of the current landscape of library assessment based on the data gathered in interviews. The authors will focus specifically on the continuum between micro and strategic assessment and share the lessons learned from diverse institutions and geographies about how to build a culture of assessment. Design/methodology/approach Between 2015 and 2017, the researchers have interviewed more than 75 library directors and leaders, library assessment practitioners, and academic experts on four continents about library assessment and its current state in their institutions. Findings The results reveal a varied landscape, with libraries in widely varying stages of assessment performance and readiness. Originality/value This paper presents the results of a large-scale study over more than two years. More than 75 people have been interviewed in five countries. The scale and scope of the work is both significant and unique.

scholarly journals A proposal of Android Programming Learning Assistant System with implementation of basic application learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Watequlis Syaifudin ◽  
Nobuo Funabiki ◽  
Minoru Kuribayashi ◽  
Wen-Chung Kao
Keyword(s):  
Independent Learning ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Basic Activity ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Learning Assistance ◽  
It Department ◽  
Novice Students ◽  
Programming Courses

Purpose With rapid increase of Android devices and application systems, there is a strong demand for Android application programmers. A lot of schools are offering Android programming courses to meet this demand. However, Android programming can be different from the conventional one because it needs interactive functions through interfaces with users, which makes the study more difficult. This paper aims to propose an Android Programming Learning Assistance System, namely, APLAS, to assist the Java-based Android programming study and education. Design/methodology/approach By adopting the test-driven development method, APLAS is designed to achieve independent learning without the presence of teachers. Using JUnit and Robolectric, the answers from the students are automatically marked in APLAS. To cover extensive materials in Android programming, APLAS offers four stages where each stage involves several topics. Findings To evaluate the effectiveness of APLAS, we implemented the Unit Converter assignment that covers the first two topics, namely, Basic user interface in the first stage and basic activity in the second stage. Through solving the assignment, it is expected to learn basic application development. Forty novice students of an IT department in Indonesia were asked to solve both topics separately. Originality/value The results show that APLAS is useful and helpful for the self-study of Android programming, as they could complete codes with good execution performances.

scholarly journals Perceived value dimension in repetitive fish consumption in Indonesia by using an extended theory of planned behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulist Rima Fiandari ◽  
Surachman Surachman ◽  
Fatchur Rohman ◽  
Ananda Sabil Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Theory ◽  
Perceived Values ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to establish the findings by confirming the extent to which an extended version of the TPB estimation relates to repetitive fish consumption. This study is important for the sustainable consumption of fish in society. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship that explains perceived value, consisting of monetary and non-monetary values, in shaping attitudes on repetition of fish consumption. Design/methodology/approach The sampling of this study was conducted for eight months of 365 people who consumed fish for at least one year. This research was conducted in Malang City, Indonesia. Data analysis applied structural equation modelling by measuring perceived values, attitudes, social norms, behaviour control, intentions and frequency of fish consumption. Findings It mostly follows the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) sections, with exception on the relationship of subjective norms to intentions and attitudes, subjective norms and perceived value towards repetition of fish consumption. The results of the study indicate that attitudes are preceded by the formation of perceived values. The perceived value significantly affects attitude formation. The perceived value of fish consumption is explained by health and monetary values. A positive attitude does not always precede consumption. Subjective norms provide a weak role in the repetition of fish consumption, while behaviour control plays an important role in realising action on repetitive fish consumption. Originality/value This study helps explain the extended TPB, and intentions towards the behaviour of repetitive fish consumption. Attitudes are preceded by the formation of perceived values in the TPB in intention repetitive fish consumption.

Pruners: Providing reproducibility for uncovering non-deterministic errors in runs on supercomputers

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kento Sato ◽  
Ignacio Laguna ◽  
Gregory L Lee ◽  
Martin Schulz ◽  
Christopher M Chambreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Parallel Applications ◽  
Program Execution ◽  
World Production ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Full System ◽  
Scientific Simulations ◽  
Large Application

Large scientific simulations must be able to achieve the full-system potential of supercomputers. When they tap into high-performance features, however, a phenomenon known as non-determinism may be introduced in their program execution, which significantly hampers application development. Pruners is a new toolset to detect and remedy non-deterministic bugs and errors in large parallel applications. To show the capabilities of Pruners for large application development, we also demonstrate their early usage on real-world production applications.

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