Excess body weight and abdominal obesity in relation to selected psychosocial characteristics in primary school children

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-750
Author(s):  
Ioannis Vassiloudis ◽  
Vassiliki Costarelli
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate excess body weight and abdominal obesity in relation to selected psychosocial characteristics such as self-perception, self-esteem and anxiety, in primary school children. Design/methodology/approach A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 528 students 10-12 years of age, randomly selected, from the area of Athens, Greece. The Greek versions of the self-perception profile for children (SPPC) and the state-trait anxiety inventory for children (STAI-C) questionnaires have been used to determine the children’s self-perception/self-esteem and the status of anxiety, respectively. Standard anthropometric measurements were also taken. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test for possible linear correlations between data variables. One-way ANOVA and independent t-test were used to determine statistically significant differences between the means of children’s body mass index (BMI) – abdominal obesity groups. For multiple comparisons, Bonferroni post-tests were run. Findings Overweight and obese children and children with abdominal obesity had lower scores in all of the domains of SPPC self-perception, the SPPC global self-esteem and the STAI-C anxiety levels in comparison to normal weight children. BMI and abdominal obesity correlated negatively with each one of the five domains of the SPPC self-perception (p < 0.001) and the SPPC global self-esteem (p < 0.001) and positively with the STAI-C anxiety levels (p < 0.005). One-way ANOVA and independent t-test revealed statistically significant differences between the means of children’s BMI and abdominal obesity groups in all the domains of SPPC self-perception (p < 0.001), the SPPC global self-esteem (p < 0.001) and the STAI-C anxiety levels (p < 0.005). There were no gender differences in the psychometric characteristics assessed in this study. Originality/value Primary school children with excess body weight and abdominal obesity have increased anxiety levels and they score lower in key psychosocial characteristics, in comparison to normal weight children.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors associated with overweight and obesity among primary school children in Tanzania: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renatha Pacific ◽  
Kissa Kulwa ◽  
Haikael D. Martin ◽  
Pammla Petrucka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Study

Purpose This study aims at determining the risk of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors on overweight and obesity among primary school children aged 10–13 years in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach A case-control study was conducted from January to March 2020 involving 69 overweight/obese children as cases and 138 normal weight children as controls. Cases were identified as having body mass index-for-age ≥ +1 standard deviation (SD) and controls as those having BMI-for-age range between −2 SD to <+1 SD. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection on daily physical activities and sedentary behavior types, frequency duration and activity score. An independent sample t-test was used to compare means of activity score between cases and controls. Binary logistic regression was used to predict risk factors for overweight/obesity. Findings Risk factors for overweight/obesity were listening to music and/or radio for >2 h/week (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2–6.1) and walking for exercise <2 h/week (OR 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–4.1). On the other hand, rope skipping for >2 h/week (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.7) was a protective factor against overweight/obesity. Controls had a significantly higher mean score of being active during lunch breaks compared to cases (p = 0.012). Cases had higher weight, height and percentage body fat than controls (p < 0.001). The home environment provided more avenues for physical activity than the school environment. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is original research work and the first case-control study to predict physical activity and sedentary behaviors as risk factors for overweight and obesity in Tanzanian school children.

scholarly journals Tongue Microbiota Composition and Dental Caries Experience in Primary School Children

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daixi Zhang ◽  
Toru Takeshita ◽  
Michiko Furuta ◽  
Shinya Kageyama ◽  
Mikari Asakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT The tongue microbiota of elderly adults is composed of two cohabiting commensal groups and their ratios are related to the number of teeth with dental caries experience. In this study, the variation in the tongue microbiota of primary school children and its relationship with the dental caries experience were investigated. We examined the tongue microbiota of 138 children aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years (61 and 77 children, respectively) who underwent annual dental examinations. The bacterial composition was determined by sequencing the V1-V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cooccurrence network analysis indicated two groups of cohabiting predominant commensals in the tongue microbiota of children. The microbiota in children without a history of dental caries showed significantly higher relative abundances of one of the cohabiting groups, primarily composed of Neisseria subflava, Porphyromonas pasteri, and Fusobacterium periodonticum, compared to that in children with a history of dental caries, which is consistent with that of elderly adults with fewer teeth with dental caries experience. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) further identified Streptococcus oralis subsp. dentisani, belonging to the aforementioned commensal group, as a discriminant species in children without dental caries experience aged 6 to 7 years and 11 to 12 years. Our results describe the tongue microbiota composition of primary school children without history of dental caries and support the possibility that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota. IMPORTANCE Dental caries is now considered to be caused by acids produced by the overall dental plaque microbiota rather than by specific pathogens. This study focused on the relationship between dental caries experience and the variations in tongue microbiota, which is adjacent but separate from the dental plaque microbiota. Our results demonstrated that the tongue microbiota of primary school children with no history of dental caries experience was composed of predominant commensals with different relative abundances compared to those present in children with dental caries experience, suggesting that dental caries experience is accompanied by a shift in the tongue microbiota. The maintenance of a healthy tongue microbiota may indirectly contribute to the prevention of dental caries.

scholarly journals Providing Psychological and Pedagogical Support to Senior Preschool Children with Mental Retardation during a Developmental Crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
В.В. Кисова ◽  
О.А. Юдин
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
School Children ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Key Skills ◽  
Health Impairments

В статье обозначена актуальность исследования возрастных кризисов развития у детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, в том числе психолого-педагогической поддержки детей с задержкой психического развития в период перехода от дошкольного к младшему школьному возрасту. Приведены результаты диагностики дескрипторов нормативного кризиса у старших дошкольников с задержкой психического развития (внутренняя позиция школьника, произвольность поведения и деятельности, самооценка, мотивация учения). Изложены задачи, принципы программы психолого-педагогической поддержки в период возрастного кризиса старших дошкольников с задержкой психического развития, а также основные этапы и содержание коррекционно-развивающей работы с дошкольниками: формирование внутренней позиции школьника, развитие позиционных и социальных мотивов учения, коррекция произвольности деятельности и поведения, развитие реалистичной самооценки. Описаны результаты реализации программы коррекционной работы с экспериментальной группой дошкольников с задержкой психического развития, направленной на становление у них позитивного отношения к школе с осознанной ориентацией на формальные стороны школьной жизни, развитие начальных навыков самоконтроля на основных этапах деятельности, формирование более дифференцированной, устойчивой и реалистичной самооценки, менее зависимой от мнения референтной группы, уменьшение количества детей, демонстрирующих исключительно игровые мотивы поведения и деятельности. The article discusses the relevance of investigating developmental crises in children with health impairments and the provision of psychological and pedagogical support to preschool children and primary school children with mental retardation. The article provides the results of developmental crises assessment in senior preschool children with mental retardation (children’s inner characteristics, their behavioral characteristics, their self-esteem, their learning motivation). The article focuses on the tasks, principles and strategies of psychological and pedagogical support provided to senior preschool children with mental retardation during developmental crises. It also describes the major stages and content of work with preschool children the development of children’s inner stance, their social and learning motivation, the correction of their behavior, the development of healthy self-esteem. The article describes the results of the experimental correction of development of preschool children with mental retardation aimed at the formation of a positive image of school and studying, the development of key skills of self-control, the formation of a differentiated, stable, healthy and realistic self-esteem, fostering independence of other people’s opinions, improving children’s ability to learn.

scholarly journals Self-Esteem Development Through the Physical: In Search of the Theoretical Underpinning

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Edward Wah CHOW
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Physical Competence ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Self Evaluation

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.School physical education is potentially able to help school children develop positive self-esteem because it provides the contexts for fulfilling the innate need for effectance, optimal challenges, and self-determination. In this paper, self-esteem was conceptualized to be multidimensional and hierarchical with its development following a bottom-up cognitive model. It was suggested that self-esteem development is self-directed in that, firstly, actual physical competence does not directly affect self-esteem but is subjectively interpreted and received to become physical self-perception that in turn affects self-esteem, and secondly, different individuals may adopt different conceptions of success and thus hold different standards for self-evaluation. Hence, the relevance of achievement orientations to selfesteem development through the physical was also discussed.學校體育提供機會，讓學童提升效能、挑戰自我、發揮自決、從而滿足其本能需要，具提升自尊之潛力。本文指出自尊屬多度向、多層級、具自我調控之心理結構。通過個人主觀的理解和認受，一切身體能力先要轉化成身體自我觀，然後才影響自尊。本文亦指出，不同人對所謂成功有不同理解，並因而採用不同標準評價自己；同時，目標取向與提升自尊的關係亦為本文之討論重點。

scholarly journals Association of environmental factors with overweight and obesity in preschool and primary school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
E. V. Shrayner ◽  
N. V. Kokh ◽  
G. I. Lifshits
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
School Children ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Aim. The aim of work was to study the existing environmental risk factors for overweight and obesity in preschool and primary school children living in Novosibirsk.Material and Methods. The study included 56 patients who visited a pediatrician or endocrinologist in Clinic of New Medical Technology Center, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine. We used the individual food preference questionnaire developed based on the most common foods affecting body weight gain according to data of World Health Organization (WHO). Physical inactivity was assessment using a questionnaire developed based on the materials the International Physical Activity Prevalence Study. Children were divided into groups according consumption of carbohydrates: group 1 comprised children with excess consumption of carbohydrates; children of group 2 consumed normal amount of carbohydrates. The examined children included 21 children with normal body weight (10 boys and 11 girls with the average age of 7.19 ± 0.56 years); 35 children were overweight/obese (15 boys and 20 girls with the average age of 7.37 ± 0.35 years). A group of children with sleep time less than eight hours was assigned depending on sleep duration assessment.Results and discussion. The study included 56 children including 21 patients with normal body weight (37.5%), seven overweight children (12.5%), and 28 obese children (50%). The following significant differences were found between groups of obese and control children: physical inactivity was detected in 71.4% out of 35 obese children and in 23.8% of children in control group (p < 0.005, χ2 = 10.12). Sleep duration less than eight hours was observed in 34.3% of obese children and in 4.7% of healthy children (p < 0.01). Excessive consumption of carbohydrates was observed in 65.7% of obese children and in 19% of children with normal weight (p < 0.001). Intake of complex carbohydrates was approximately the same in both groups.Conclusion. We identified the following risk factors for overweight and obesity in our study: (1) factors contributing to obesity were physical inactivity, excessive consumption of carbohydrates, and impaired sleep-wakefulness pattern due to decrease in sleep time at night less than eight hours; (2) consumption of recommended amounts of fresh fruits and berries was protective against overweight and obesity.

SELF-ESTEEM OF THE EATING BEHAVIOR BY THE STUDENT PHARMACEUTICAL YOUTH FROM THE VIEW OFTHE EXCESS BODY WEIGHT AND OBESITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1680-1686
Author(s):  
Liana M. Unhurian ◽  
Bohdan P. Hromovyk ◽  
Oksana R. Levytska ◽  
Oksana I. Bielyaieva ◽  
Olena O. Aleksandrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Poor Nutrition

The aim: The purpose of the research is to study the understanding of student pharmaceutical youth the eating behavior in the context of the EBW and obesity. Materials and methods: The material of the study was anonymous questionnaire survey the students of the pharmaceutical faculties from Ukraine. Results: The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using methods of statistics, comparison and generalization. Almost 9 out of 10 respondents from both universities consider the reason of obesity a sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition, and the most effective way to treat it is physical activity, though only 36.3% and 28.4% of students of the corresponding samples have it constantly. Conclusions: The questionnaire showed a lack of eating behavior, of their knowledge of the basic issues of the EBW and obesity, as well as differences in personal perception and the desire for the practical implementation of queries regarding the weight of their body that may further affect the professional ability of young specialists in influencing the processes of formation and improving the quality of their lives and patients’ lives.

Association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silambarasi Kuralneethi ◽  
Sharifah Intan Zainun Sharif Ishak ◽  
Vaidehi Ulaganathan
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aboriginal Children

PurposeThis study aims to determine the association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe cross-sectional study was carried out in Negeri Sembilan. A total of 194 school-aged aboriginal children participated in the study. The dietary intake and socioeconomic status data were collected from the parents using an interviewer-administrated structured questionnaire comprised of sociodemographic questions and three days of dietary recall. The Malaysian Healthy Eating Index was used to determine the diet quality of children. WHO Anthro Plus software was used to determine the z-score of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age (BAZ).FindingsAmong all children, 15, 9 and 5% of them were stunted, underweight and thin, respectively. On the other hand, 16 and 12% of the children were overweight and obese, respectively. The aboriginal children were at risk of poor diet quality (37.19 ± 12.07) and had high dietary protein and fat intake than national recommended nutrient intake. The children achieved micronutrients intake, except for calcium. There was no significant association between total diet quality scores with growth indices among the aboriginal children. There is significant negative correlation between dietary vitamin A intake with HAZ (r = −0.168, p < 0.05) and WAZ (r = −0.219, p < 0.05) z-score of the aboriginal children.Originality/valueAlthough there was a reduction in under-nutrition among the aborigines, an increasing over-nutrition status among aborigines should be considered, especially in terms of poor dietary quality and intake.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document