scholarly journals Association of environmental factors with overweight and obesity in preschool and primary school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
E. V. Shrayner ◽  
N. V. Kokh ◽  
G. I. Lifshits
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
School Children ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Aim. The aim of work was to study the existing environmental risk factors for overweight and obesity in preschool and primary school children living in Novosibirsk.Material and Methods. The study included 56 patients who visited a pediatrician or endocrinologist in Clinic of New Medical Technology Center, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine. We used the individual food preference questionnaire developed based on the most common foods affecting body weight gain according to data of World Health Organization (WHO). Physical inactivity was assessment using a questionnaire developed based on the materials the International Physical Activity Prevalence Study. Children were divided into groups according consumption of carbohydrates: group 1 comprised children with excess consumption of carbohydrates; children of group 2 consumed normal amount of carbohydrates. The examined children included 21 children with normal body weight (10 boys and 11 girls with the average age of 7.19 ± 0.56 years); 35 children were overweight/obese (15 boys and 20 girls with the average age of 7.37 ± 0.35 years). A group of children with sleep time less than eight hours was assigned depending on sleep duration assessment.Results and discussion. The study included 56 children including 21 patients with normal body weight (37.5%), seven overweight children (12.5%), and 28 obese children (50%). The following significant differences were found between groups of obese and control children: physical inactivity was detected in 71.4% out of 35 obese children and in 23.8% of children in control group (p < 0.005, χ2 = 10.12). Sleep duration less than eight hours was observed in 34.3% of obese children and in 4.7% of healthy children (p < 0.01). Excessive consumption of carbohydrates was observed in 65.7% of obese children and in 19% of children with normal weight (p < 0.001). Intake of complex carbohydrates was approximately the same in both groups.Conclusion. We identified the following risk factors for overweight and obesity in our study: (1) factors contributing to obesity were physical inactivity, excessive consumption of carbohydrates, and impaired sleep-wakefulness pattern due to decrease in sleep time at night less than eight hours; (2) consumption of recommended amounts of fresh fruits and berries was protective against overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
A-M. A. Shulhai ◽  
H. A. Pavlyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background. Vitamin D affects the function of many organs and systems. Lipid metabolism disorder is established to be one of the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, and the amount of adipose tissue is crucial. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in overweight and obese adolescents. Methods. 146 children with excessive weight and obesity as well as 63 healthy children with normal body weight were examined. In the study groups, there were no children taking vitamin D. Vitamin D status was evaluated by the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum. Vitamin D deficiency was diagnosed at the level of 25(OH)D between 20 and 29 ng/ml, and significant deficiency – below 20 ng/ml, normal calcidiol content was 30-100 ng/ml. Results. The average level of 25(OH)D in the adolescents with normal body weight was 19.76±4.28 ng/ml, in the adolescents with excessive body weight – 15.24±3.47 ng/ml, and in the obese children – 13.87±2.71 ng/ml. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the overweight adolescents was 70.62%, and in the adolescents with obesity – 77.19%. Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the adolescents with overweight and obesity. To prevent the development of hypovitaminosis and vitamin D deficiency, it is necessary to carry out educational activities with adolescents for promotion of healthy lifestyle and healthy food, as well as to develop an optimal program for improving vitamin D status in the obese children.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors associated with overweight and obesity among primary school children in Tanzania: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renatha Pacific ◽  
Kissa Kulwa ◽  
Haikael D. Martin ◽  
Pammla Petrucka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Study

Purpose This study aims at determining the risk of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors on overweight and obesity among primary school children aged 10–13 years in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach A case-control study was conducted from January to March 2020 involving 69 overweight/obese children as cases and 138 normal weight children as controls. Cases were identified as having body mass index-for-age ≥ +1 standard deviation (SD) and controls as those having BMI-for-age range between −2 SD to <+1 SD. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection on daily physical activities and sedentary behavior types, frequency duration and activity score. An independent sample t-test was used to compare means of activity score between cases and controls. Binary logistic regression was used to predict risk factors for overweight/obesity. Findings Risk factors for overweight/obesity were listening to music and/or radio for >2 h/week (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2–6.1) and walking for exercise <2 h/week (OR 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–4.1). On the other hand, rope skipping for >2 h/week (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.7) was a protective factor against overweight/obesity. Controls had a significantly higher mean score of being active during lunch breaks compared to cases (p = 0.012). Cases had higher weight, height and percentage body fat than controls (p < 0.001). The home environment provided more avenues for physical activity than the school environment. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is original research work and the first case-control study to predict physical activity and sedentary behaviors as risk factors for overweight and obesity in Tanzanian school children.

Wpływ nadwagi i otyłości na stan zdrowia jamy ustnej dzieci i młodzieży

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Deszczyńska ◽  
Paweł Piątkiewicz ◽  
Renata Górska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Periodontal Health

Introduction. Improper eating habits among children and adolescents often lead to overweight and obesity. Research indicates that these are risk factors for many diseases, including diseases in the oral cavity. Aim. To analyse the correlations of selected parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status in overweight and obese children and adolescents versus control group. Material and methods. The study included 120 patients aged 11-18 years, who were classified into a study group with 60 overweight/obese individuals and a control group of 60 individuals with normal body weight based on BMI (Body Mass Index). Each patient underwent anthropometric measurements, such as height (cm), body weight (kg), which were used to calculate BMI (Body Mass Index). Additional measurements were taken of waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), to obtain the waist-hip ratio (WHR). Clinical examination of the oral cavity included an assessment of dentition (DMF), oral hygiene API (Approximal Plaque Index) and periodontal tissue (PD – Pocket Depth, CAL – Clinical Attachment Level, %BOP – % Bleeding On Probing) and CPITN (The Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs). Results. Statistically significant differences were found between patient groups with BMI ≥ 25 and BMI < 25 in the values of the following parameters: DMF p = 0.005, API p < 0.001, %BOP p < 0.001, PD p < 0.001, CPI p < 0.001. Conclusions. Overweight and obese children were found to have have worse parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status compared to the group with normal weight. Our observations indicate that overweight and obesity may be potential risk factors for periodontal diseases in the study group.

scholarly journals The B'Active programme for overweight primary school children in Glasgow: determining the prevalence of overweight and obesity and piloting an activity intervention

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne R. Hughes ◽  
Ruth McLaughlin ◽  
Jane Mckay ◽  
Kevin Lafferty ◽  
Tony McKay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
School Based ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Effort Rating

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary school children in Glasgow and to evaluate a pilot activity programme for overweight and obese children. BMI was measured in 1548 children. Overweight, obesity and severe obesity were defined as BMI ≥ 85th, 95th and 98th centile, respectively. Overweight and obese children were then invited to participate in a 10-week school-based activity programme. The programme was evaluated by recording weekly attendance, intensity (using the Children's Effort Rating Scale) and enjoyment (scale 1–10). Focus groups were used to explore the experiences and views of the children, teachers, coaches and parents. Of the 1548 children, 31·4 % were overweight, 19·1 % were obese and 12·4 % were severely obese; 38 % of those invited attended the activity programme. Weekly programme attendance was 83 % (range 56–99 %). Mean enjoyment rating (scale 1–10) was 8 for boys and 9 for girls. The intensity of activity sessions were rated ‘very easy’ by boys and ‘just feeling a strain’ by girls. Common themes emerging from the focus groups related to perceived positive and negative aspects of the programme (fun, concerns about stigmatising children); physical and psychological outcomes (fitter, more confident); and future recommendations (involve parents). In summary, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high. The activity programme was successful in terms of attendance and enjoyment, and overall views of the initiative were positive and there was compelling support for its continuation.

scholarly journals The effects of overweight and obesity on oral health status in children and adolescents

New Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Deszczyńska ◽  
Paweł Piątkiewicz ◽  
Renata Górska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Periodontal Health

Introduction. Improper eating habits among children and adolescents often lead to overweight and obesity. Research indicates that these are risk factors for many diseases, including diseases in the oral cavity. Aim. To analyse the correlations of selected parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status in overweight and obese children and adolescents versus control group. Material and methods. The study included 120 patients aged 11-18 years, who were classified into a study group with 60 overweight/obese individuals and a control group of 60 individuals with normal body weight based on BMI (Body Mass Index). Each patient underwent anthropometric measurements, such as height (cm), body weight (kg), which were used to calculate BMI. Additional measurements were taken of waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), to obtain the waist-hip ratio (WHR). Clinical examination of the oral cavity included an assessment of dentition (DMF), oral hygiene API (Approximal Plaque Index) and periodontal tissue (PD ? Pocket Depth, CAL ? Clinical Attachment Level, %BOP ? % Bleeding On Probing) and CPITN (The Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs). Results. Statistically significant differences were found between patient groups with BMI ≥ 25 and BMI < 25 in the values of the following parameters: DMF p = 0.005, API p < 0.001, %BOP p < 0.001, PD p < 0.001, CPI p < 0.001. Conclusions. Overweight and obese children were found to have worse parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status compared to the group with normal weight. Our observations indicate that overweight and obesity may be potential risk factors for periodontal diseases in the study group.

scholarly journals Organized Sports, Overweight, and Physical Fitness in Primary School Children in Germany

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
Ronald P. Steiner ◽  
Susanne Brandstetter ◽  
Jochen Klenk ◽  
Martin Wabitsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Organized Sports

Physical inactivity is associated with poor physical fitness and increased body weight. This study examined the relationship between participation in organized sports and overweight as well as physical fitness in primary school children in southern Germany. Height, weight, and various components of physical fitness were measured in 995 children (7.6±0.4years). Sports participation and confounding variables such as migration background, parental education, parental body weight, and parental sports participation were assessed via parent questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression as well as multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to determine associations between physical fitness, participation in organized sports, and body weight. Participation in organized sports less than once a week was prevalent in 29.2%, once or twice in 60.2%, and more often in 10.6% of the children. Overweight was found in 12.4% of the children. Children participating in organized sports more than once per week displayed higher physical fitness and were less likely to be overweight (OR  =  0.52,P<0.01). Even though causality cannot be established, the facilitation of participation in organized sports may be a crucial aspect in public health efforts addressing the growing problems associated with overweight and obesity.

Risk factors for overweight and obesity in Swiss primary school children: results from a representative national survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie B. Murer ◽  
Siret Saarsalu ◽  
Jasmin Zimmermann ◽  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
National Survey ◽  
School Children ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among primary school children in Hawally District, State of Kuwait

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
ali alenzi ◽  
Hosnia Mohammed ◽  
Alsayed Abdalhameed ◽  
Amira E. Abdelsalam.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children
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