Towards the Polycentric Urban Region: Impacts on Centres and Milieus

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Sako Musterd ◽  
Marco Bontje ◽  
Wim Ostendorf
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Central City ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

Over the past four decades, many urban regions, including the Amsterdam region, have changed from compact monocentric urban entities to - albeit still fairly compact - polycentric urban regions. This has been illustrated frequently and in various ways, for example with daily interaction information. A question relevant to this transformation concerns the implications it poses to the different centres and milieus in the urban region, especially the “old” central city. Is the central city quickly losing position, or is it gaining a new, vital place in the urban region? Can the answer to that be deduced from the population dynamics in the urban region? Is insight into the residential mobility process helpful in understanding the changing residential structure and the functioning of the urban system? This paper addresses these questions, using data that make it possible to analyse urban dynamics.

scholarly journals Interesting fellow or tough old bird? 3rd person male referents in Ontario

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Karlien Franco ◽  
Sali A. Tagliamonte
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Total N ◽  
Geographic Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Network Type

English has many words to refer to an adult man, e.g. man, guy, dude, and these are undergoing change in Ontario dialects. This paper analyzes the distribution of these and related forms using data collected in Ontario, Canada. In total, N = 6788 tokens for 17 communities were extracted and analyzed with a comparative sociolinguistics methodology for social and geographic factors. The results demonstrate a substantive language change in progress with two striking patterns. First, male speakers in Ontario were the leaders of this change in the past. However, as guy gained prominence across the 20th century, women started using it as frequently as men. Second, these developments are complicated by the complexity of the sociolinguistic landscape. There is a clear urban vs. peripheral division across Ontario communities that also involves both population size and distance from the large urban centre, Toronto. Further, social network type and other local influences are also important. In sum, variation in 3rd person singular male referents in Ontario dialects provides new insight into the co-occurrence and evolution of sociolinguistic factors in the process of language change.

scholarly journals Monitoring Regional Urban Dynamics Using DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Data in Zhejiang Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Pingbin Jin ◽  
Qian Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Region Extraction ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Urban Dynamic ◽  
Nighttime Light

Accurate monitoring of urban regions and urban sprawls is critical to the detection and assessment of regional development. The nighttime light images of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) provide us direct solutions to make spatial descriptions of urban regions. Unfortunately, accurate monitoring of urban regions is apt to be hampered due to the shortages of the DMSP/OLS data. In this study, we utilized a new urban region extraction strategy based on the edge-detection method which is widely applied in automatic digital image processing. The edges of urban areas in Zhejiang province were identified based on the distributions and values of pixels. Compared with other traditional methods, the urban regions extracted in this study present a higher overall accuracy and kappa coefficient (OA = 93.1409%; Kappa = 0.8755). Two periods of the urban dynamic process and urban sprawl pattern in Zhejiang from 1992–2013 were further detected by the proposed method. At city level, the drastic increase in urban areas was found in cities of Hangzhou and Ningbo. This study provides an objective and convenient solution to the accurate identification of urban regions, which is also an important step to better understand the urban dynamics and urban development.

scholarly journals Does the Polycentric Urban Region Contribute to Economic Performance? The Case of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyusang Kwon ◽  
Minho Seo
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Agglomeration Economies ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Asian Context

This study aims to explore whether and to what extent two types of polycentricity, morphological and functional, affect the level of urban economic performance. In the analysis, it is found that morphological polycentricity is positively associated with the level of labor productivity whereas functional polycentricity is negatively related to it. In the context of the Korean urban system, characterized by the domination of a few cities and high levels of population density, regions which are more morphologically polycentric and functionally monocentric are likely to have higher labor productivity. These results reflect the processes of agglomeration economies and their impact on urban dynamics. This study contributes to the debates on the impacts of polycentricity on economic performance by examining this relationship in the East Asian context, not in Europe or America, and by distinguishing between effects of two types of polycentricity.

scholarly journals Usage Patterns Identification Using Graphs and Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Ovidiu-Dan Sonea
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractDuring the past years, the number of platforms that are introducing a subscription plan is steadily increasing. This phenomenon helps support the developers as well as continuing to provide quality content. Since not so many individuals are willing to spend money or some simply do not have the means, they resort to sharing an account that has a subscription plan. This behavior can, in some instances, be harmful for the developers and, even if it is not, any provider can benefit from knowing what type of clients they have. The solution depicted and explored in this article will focus on using data that is easily available and structuring it in a way that can provide insight into each account activity.

Recovery boiler sootblowers: History and technological advances

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
HONGHI TRAN ◽  
DANNY TANDRA
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Recovery Boilers ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Recovery Boiler ◽  
Steam Parameters ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Deposit Removal

Sootblowing technology used in recovery boilers originated from that used in coal-fired boilers. It started with manual cleaning with hand lancing and hand blowing, and evolved slowly into online sootblowing using retractable sootblowers. Since 1991, intensive research and development has focused on sootblowing jet fundamentals and deposit removal in recovery boilers. The results have provided much insight into sootblower jet hydrodynamics, how a sootblower jet interacts with tubes and deposits, and factors influencing its deposit removal efficiency, and have led to two important innovations: fully-expanded sootblower nozzles that are used in virtually all recovery boilers today, and the low pressure sootblowing technology that has been implemented in several new recovery boilers. The availability of powerful computing systems, superfast microprocessors and data acquisition systems, and versatile computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling capability in the past two decades has also contributed greatly to the advancement of sootblowing technology. High quality infrared inspection cameras have enabled mills to inspect the deposit buildup conditions in the boiler during operation, and helped identify problems with sootblower lance swinging and superheater platens and boiler bank tube vibrations. As the recovery boiler firing capacity and steam parameters have increased markedly in recent years, sootblowers have become larger and longer, and this can present a challenge in terms of both sootblower design and operation.

Upcoming Drifts In Bio-Similars

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta Aggarwal ◽  
Manju Nagpal ◽  
Ameya Sharma ◽  
Vivek Puri ◽  
Gitika Arora Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biologic Activity ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
Food Drug Administration ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Biopharmaceuticals such as Biologic medicinal products have been in clinical use over the past three decades and have benefited towards the therapy of degenerative and critical metabolic diseases. It is forecasted that market of biologics will be going to increase at a rate of 20% per year, and by 2025, more than ˃ 50% of new drug approvals may be biological products. The increasing utilization of the biologics necessitates for cost control, especially for innovators products that have enjoyed a lengthy period of exclusive use. As the first wave of biopharmaceuticals is expired or set to expire, it has led to various opportunities for the expansion of bio-similars i.e. copied versions of original biologics with same biologic activity. Development of biosimilars is expected to promote market competition, meet worldwide demand, sustain the healthcare systems and maintain the incentives for innovation. Methods: Appraisal of published articles from peer reviewed journals, PubMed literature, latest news and guidelines from European Medicine Agency, US Food Drug Administration (FDA) and India are used to identify data for review. Results: Main insight into the quality requirements concerning biologics, current status of regulation of biosimilars and upcoming challenges lying ahead for the upgrading of marketing authorization of bio-similars has been incorporated. Compiled literature on therapeutic status, regulatory guidelines and the emerging trends and opportunities of biosimilars has been thoroughly stated. Conclusion: Updates on biosimilars will support to investigate the possible impact of bio-similars on healthcare market.

Urbane Ökonomien in Deutschland

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krätke
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Urban Economies ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Development Factor ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Media Firms

Urban economies in Germany. Cluster potential and global interconnections. Urban economies are the leading locational centres of corporate headquarters, advanced producer services, the media sector, research and development, particular “knowledge-intensive” activity branches of the economy and innovative industrial growth sectors. The urban regions might be characterized as heterogenous agglomerations of economic activities, which include a number of sub-economies with different functions and forms of organisation.The urban regions’ economic potential reveils specific differences with regard to the large urban economic centres in West- and East-Germany. The different positions of particular urban economic centres in Germany and Europe as ancoring points of global firms’ organizational networks are being indicated with regard to global service providers and global media firms, emphasizing the global interconnections as an important development factor particularly in the metropoles of the urban system.

Increase associated risk of gynaecological cancer due to long-term exposure to high concentration of atmospheric SO2 industrial pollutant

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110036
Author(s):  
Qian Xu ◽  
Chan Lu ◽  
Rachael Gakii Murithi ◽  
Lanqin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Control Study

A cohort case–control study was conducted in XiangYa Hospital, Changsha, China, which involved 305 patients and 399 healthy women, from June 2010 to December 2018, to evaluate the association between Chinese women’s short- and long-term exposure to industrial air pollutant, SO2 and gynaecological cancer (GC). We obtained personal and family information from the XiangYa Hospital electronic computer medical records. Using data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, we estimated each woman’s exposure to the industrial air pollutant, sulphur dioxide (SO2), for different time windows, including the past 1, 5, 10 and 15 years before diagnosis of the disease. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association between GC and SO2 exposure. GC was significantly associated with long-term SO2 exposure, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.56 (1.10–2.21) and 1.81 (1.07–3.06) for a per interquartile range increase in the past 10 and 15 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that different groups reacted in different ways to long-term SO2 exposure. We concluded that long-term exposure to high concentration of industrial pollutant, SO2 is associated with the development of GC. This finding has implications for the prevention and reduction of GC.

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