Prestige will make Russia's arms industry untouchable

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Arms Sales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arms Exports ◽  
Slow Innovation

Subject Russia's arms industry. Significance Russia's defence industry plays a dominant role in the economy, and its status has been enhanced by operations in Syria seen as a political as well as military triumph. Foreign policy and arms exports are closely interlinked. As energy revenues fall, arms sales are becoming a key income source for the state. The industry is particularly unsuited to play its assigned role of economic driving force due to over-consolidation, inefficiencies and politics. Impacts Russia will use arms sales to cement alliances, and vice versa. Continual delays and cost overruns are likely, especially for equipment based on new technologies. Monopolistic structures will slow innovation.

Intergenerational hybrid products in periods of discontinuous change

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilian Gatti Junior ◽  
Alceu Salles Camargo Junior ◽  
Paul Varella
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Discontinuous Change ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Hybrid Products ◽  
Organizational Inertia

PurposeThis study examines the role of hybrid products employed in companies' innovation strategy within three American industrial sectors: tires, typewriters and photography cameras.Design/methodology/approachThe authors selected historical cases that enabled us to present the role of hybrid products in periods of discontinuous change. Different sources are employed in this study: papers, books, cases, working papers, videos, manuals and product catalogues, companies' annual reports, company websites, advertising, collectors' websites and museums, in addition to press and other media reports.FindingsThe authors’ historical case analysis points to two forms of hybrid products. (1) Exploitation-hybrid, which incorporates significant elements from the existing dominant design and aims at extending the revenue-generating opportunities of the existing products. (2) Exploration-hybrid, which works as an offensive strategy, as the firm uses the exploration-hybrid to promote a gradual and controlled adoption of new technology by reducing risks and the cost of change for the customer.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ proposed definitions strengthen the idea that hybrids are not only a reflection of organizational inertia (exploitation-hybrid). Hybrids can also mean a more proactive stance in the strategy of developing and adopting new technology (exploration-hybrid).Originality/valueThis study acknowledged hybrid products as a learning instrument that materialized the organizational ambidexterity, favoring at the same time exploitation, generally attributed to organizational inertia, and the exploration of new segments of customers or the use of new technologies.

Challenges to ethical publishing in the digital era

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Jessica Curno
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electronic Publishing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Publication Ethics ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to lay out some of the more complex issues arising in the area of publication ethics. The impact of electronic publishing and electronic information is a main focus of the paper. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws in particular upon the work of the Committee on Publication Ethics including illustrative cases discussed at the forum, guidelines and discussion documents. Findings – Three areas are highlighted to stimulate discussion around challenges of publication ethics in the digital era. These are the role of the internet in facilitating misconduct, the issue of confidentiality in publishing and how incentives in research assessments drive author behavior. Originality/value – The paper brings together a variety of issues discussed under the broader umbrella of electronic information and new technologies in publishing.

Geothermal drives Kenya power sector boost

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Domestic Power

Subject Kenya power outlook. Significance The government's geothermal generation programme is driving a structural change in the power sector. Plans are for electricity generation to roughly double to 3,000 megawatts (MW) over the next few years, with hydroelectricity losing its dominant role. Kenya's medium-term economic growth prospects turn on the success of the government's rising spending on infrastructure investment in the energy and transport sectors. Impacts Focus on industry sources (diesal, gas, coal) obscures the dominant role of bio-energy (firewood, charcoal) in the energy mix. Increasing the role for natural gas in domestic power sectors will be pushed by regional governments with new offshore finds. Policymakers will continue to advocate the efficacy of mini grid or off-grid systems to augment the limited reach of 'national' grids.

Envisioning the future role of librarians: skills, services and information resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philomena W. Mwaniki
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Evolution Of Technology

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the future of academic libraries in the era of new user needs, new skills for staff and services offered. The literature shows the evolution of new technologies and the implications they have on the staff, library services and new user needs. The discussions in this paper are surrounded by conceptualization of what the library products and services will be in future academic libraries. It also looks at future studies that explore opportunities for librarians to advance their professional role. Design/methodology/approach This is a literature-based conceptual paper that draws on a wide range of literature that hypothetically looks at the future roles of professional librarians, the collection, services and the evolution of technology on the new user needs. Findings The library today will give the basis for the future librarian’s role, the emerging user needs and impact of service delivery. Technological advances have also affected the establishment of library systems and services offered. The emerging future roles will generally depend on how advanced the libraries are in the region or country including Kenya. Originality/value This paper adds a flexible approach to the skills, services as a role of future librarians.

Access and utilization of health services by migrant domestic helpers in Cyprus: the role of the employer

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Kantaris ◽  
Mamas Theodorou ◽  
Daphne Kaitelidou
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Migrant Health ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The dominant role of the employer regarding the access and use of healthcare services by migrant domestic helpers (MDH) often has a negative impact on healthcare provision for migrants in Cyprus. Research relating to the perceptions of MDH employers remains scarce. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of employers on the access and use of healthcare services by their MDH. Design/methodology/approach Three studies were carried out using semi-structured interviews with MDH (n=13) and employers of MDH (n=12) and structured questionnaires with MDH (n=625). Content analysis for qualitative findings was carried out using QSR Nvivo 10 and for quantitative using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 17. Findings Findings provide information about migrant health needs from different views leading to improved documentation via multiple triangulation. Employers play a key gatekeeping role but are not in position to provide sufficient information and guidance to their MDH. MDH reported a need for health services which was not met (18 percent), attributing this to their employers not granting them permission. Originality/value The role of the employer is critical and has an impact on the quality of care provided to this migrant group. The involvement of the employer in MDH health matters functions as a barrier. A significant gap exists between employers and MDH regarding the health needs of the latter.

scholarly journals Robotopias: mapping utopian perspectives on new industrial technology

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Firth ◽  
Andrew Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Essence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Labour Power ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper maps utopian theories of technological change. The focus is on debates surrounding emerging industrial technologies which contribute to making the relationship between humans and machines more symbiotic and entangled, such as robotics, automation and artificial intelligence. The aim is to provide a map to navigate complex debates on the potential for technology to be used for emancipatory purposes and to plot the grounds for tactical engagements.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a two-way axis to map theories into to a six-category typology. Axis one contains the parameters humanist–assemblage. Humanists draw on the idea of a human essence of creative labour-power, and treat machines as alienated and exploitative form of this essence. Assemblage theorists draw on posthumanism and poststructuralism, maintaining that humans always exist within assemblages which also contain non-human forces. Axis two contains the parameters utopian/optimist; tactical/processual; and dystopian/pessimist, depending on the construed potential for using new technologies for empowering ends.FindingsThe growing social role of robots portends unknown, and maybe radical, changes, but there is no single human perspective from which this shift is conceived. Approaches cluster in six distinct sets, each with different paradigmatic assumptions.Practical implicationsMapping the categories is useful pedagogically, and makes other political interventions possible, for example interventions between groups and social movements whose practice-based ontologies differ vastly.Originality/valueBringing different approaches into contact and mapping differences in ways which make them more comparable, can help to identify the points of disagreement and the empirical or axiomatic grounds for these. It might facilitate the future identification of criteria to choose among the approaches.

The effect of alpha adrenergic blockade on spinal cord autoregulation in the monkey

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur I. Kobrine ◽  
Delbert E. Evans ◽  
Hugo V. Rizzoli
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Spinal Cord Blood Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alpha Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Pressures

✓ Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) was measured over a wide range of artificially varied mean systemic arterial blood pressures (MAP) in a group of monkeys with alpha adrenergic receptors blocked by the intravenous administration of phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline). The SCBF was found to vary linearly with changes in MAP. Autoregulation appeared to have been abolished. These data are cited as evidence for a dominant role of the sympathetic nervous system in control of the spinal circulation.

Innovation and firm performance: the role of human resource management practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirta Diaz-Fernandez ◽  
Mar Bornay-Barrachina ◽  
Alvaro Lopez-Cabrales
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hrm Practices

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between human resource (HR) practices and innovative performance in the Spanish industry. Specifically, the authors will focus on innovativeness, analysing the extent to which this capability is favoured by some human resource management (HRM) practices as investments on training and whether it is also affected by the use of full time and/or temporary workers. Design/methodology/approach – The authors propose the assessment of these relationships by means of the Spanish Survey of Industrial Strategic Behaviour. The authors focus the longitudinal analysis on the period 2001-2008, years of the highest economic growth in Spain during the last decades. Findings – The findings show that the most innovative firms are also the most competitive ones in terms of added value. Moreover, while a significant and positive relationship between the use of full-time workers and innovativeness is demonstrated, the role of temporary workers employees remains unclear. Finally, and surprisingly, training investments on new technologies, languages and data processes do not have any impact on innovativeness. The paper is closed with a discussion about some lessons the authors may learn from these wealthy years and the role played by HRM investments on firms. Practical implications – This study demonstrates the existence of two objectives that managers should seek to achieve. On one side, they should focus on innovation as a way of increasing firm performance. And, on the other side, managers should invest on specific training, in order to develop more innovative and profitable organizations. Originality/value – This paper proposes and tests a model where innovation mediates the relationships between HRM practices and performance. Such mediation would be a contribution to the strategic HRM field as very recent research call for the study of new mediators. Also, this paper employs panel data (2001-2008) for assessing these relationships. This is worthy because it is coherent with the idea of internal development of capabilities, instead of cross-sectional analyses and because the authors may infer causality with the study design, as it is demanded by researchers.

Art, accounting and technology: unravelling the paradoxical “in-between”

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas McGuigan ◽  
Alessandro Ghio
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
New Directions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical reflection on how ongoing revolutionary technological changes can extend the possibilities of accounting into artistic spaces. In addition, arts ability to protest, challenge, open and inspire may be instrumental to humanise technological advances transforming the accounting profession. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws upon the methodological, theoretical and empirical literature of accounting, technology and art and outlines a research and professional agenda for developing the role of art in the context of accounting and technology. Findings The authors unravel and navigate the paradoxical “in-between” of art, accounting and technology. It emerges that the transformative power of new technologies lies not only in the technologies themselves but also in their ability to extend the possibilities of accounting into the artistic spaces of visualisation, curation performance and disruption. New technologies, combined with artistic spaces, present a unique ability to open up the latent disruptive potential of accounting itself, pushing accounting in new directions towards more humanistic models of multiple narratives. Originality/value The insights of this paper are relevant to open professional and scholarly dialogue that relates accounting, art and technologies during a significant period of disruptive and transformative technological changes. This paper provides new understandings of how art through visualisation, curation, performance and disruption can force accounting researchers and practitioners to challenge the traditionally held views of accounting, opening us towards more futuristic models of accountability.

Awareness and challenges of building information modelling (BIM) implementation in the Yemen construction industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Gamil ◽  
Ismail Abd Rahman Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Rigorous Study

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the awareness of construction practitioners of the adoption of building information modeling (BIM) and identification of the dominant challenges of implementing BIM in the life cycle of a construction project. Design/methodology/approach This study was sequentially conducted in the following in three main phases: a preliminary study of archival literature, where a rigorous study of the literature was conducted to identify the challenges of adopting BIM in the construction industry which was to be applied later to the challenges in the case of the Yemen construction industry; data collection, where data were collected using a questionnaire survey targeting 123 Yemeni construction practitioners working in managerial and technical levels; and data analysis, where data were analyzed using descriptive analysis by calculating the average index and standard deviations. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Findings The results show that the most critical challenges to adopt BIM are financial restrictions, lack of BIM knowledge, improper introduction of BIM concepts, lack of awareness of BIM benefits and no governmental enforcement. The study recommends policymakers and construction players to consider the challenges for a better introduction of BIM in the Yemen construction industry. Research limitations/implications This research focuses on the awareness and challenges of implementing BIM in the Yemen construction industry. Practical implications The findings of this study will help policymakers develop more constructive strategies to reduce the challenges and introduce governmental agendas towards the widespread use of the BIM concept and technology in the Yemen construction industry. The study suggested an in-depth investigation into the current curriculum in the Yemen universities and recommended the introduction of BIM concept in engineering courses. Social implications This study focused on the challenges of implementing BIM and the role of the social aspect in the issue. Originality/value From the extensive review of previous findings, this paper concentrates on the challenged to the implementation of BIM in the Yemen construction industry. There are lack of investigative studies that focus on the introduction of new technologies to advance the Yemen construction sector. Therefore, the findings help the authority to diagnose and address the sources of these challenges and introduce new solutions to the industry.

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