Mechanical properties of interfacial phases between Sn-3.5 Ag solder and Ni-18 at. % W barrier film by nanoindentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Chew ◽  
R. Durairaj ◽  
A. S. M. A. Haseeb ◽  
B. Beake
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Alloy Film ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Amorphization ◽  
Barrier Film

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the hardness and elastic modulus on interfacial phases formed between Sn-3.5Ag solder and Ni-18 at. % W alloy film by nanoindentation. It has been found that a ternary amorphous Sn-Ni-W layer formed below Ni3Sn4 IMC at the interface. In this study, mechanical properties of the IMC formed between SA solder and Ni-18 at. % W film after six times reflows were performed by nanoindentation. Design/methodology/approach – The characterization was carried at 25°C, and 100 indents were generated. The elastic modulus and hardness were investigated. Findings – The results showed that hardness of Ni3Sn4 IMC was higher than amorphous Sn-Ni-W phase. A slight bigger indent was observed on the Sn-Ni-W layer compared with that on the Ni3Sn4 IMC. Lower topographical height in the Sn-Ni-W layer indicated that the Sn-Ni-W phase was softer compared with the Ni3Sn4 IMC. The lower hardness and soft Sn-Ni-W phase is significantly related to the amorphous structure that formed through solid-state amorphization. Originality/value – There are no publications about the indentation on the interfacial between the Ni-W layer and the Sn-Ag solder.

Deposition-induced effects of isotactic polypropylene and polycarbonate composites during fused deposition modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Guo Zhou ◽  
Bei Su ◽  
Lih-sheng Turng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
First Time

Purpose Although the feasibility and effectiveness of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method have been proposed and developed, studies of applying this technology to various materials are still needed for researching its applicability, especially with regard to polymer blends and composites. The purpose of this paper is to study the deposition-induced effect and the effect of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties of polypropylene and polycarbonate (PP/PC) composites. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, three different deposition modes for PP/PC composites with or without compatibilizers were used for the FDM method and tested for tensile properties. Also, parts with the same materials were made by injection molding and used for comparison. In addition, different deposition speeds were used to investigate the different deposition-induced effects. Furthermore, the behavior of the mechanical properties was clarified with scanning electron microscope images of the fracture surfaces. Findings The research results suggest that the deposition orientation has a significant influence on the mechanical behavior of PP/PC composite FDM parts. The results also indicate that there is a close relationship between the mechanical properties and morphological structures which are deeply influenced by compatibilization. Compared with injection molded parts, the ductility of the FDM parts can be dramatically improved due to the formation of fibrils and micro-fibrils by the deposition induced during processing. Originality/value This is the first paper to investigate a PP/PC composite FDM process. The results of this paper verified the applicability of PP/PC composites to FDM technology. It is also the first time that the deposition-induced effect during FDM has been investigated and studied.

On the role of different annealing heat treatments on mechanical properties and microstructure of selective laser melted and conventional wrought Ti-6Al-4V

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
AmirMahyar Khorasani ◽  
Ian Gibson ◽  
Moshe Goldberg ◽  
Guy Littlefair
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Different Characteristics

Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct various heat treatments (HT) such as stress relief annealing, mill annealing, recrystallization (α + β) annealing and β annealing followed by furnace cooling (FC) that were implemented to determine the effect of these on mechanical properties and the microstructure of selective laser melted and wrought samples. The mentioned annealings have been carried out to achieve the related standards in the fabrication of surgery implants. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, based on F2924-14 ASTM standard SLM and conventionally wrought parts were prepared. Then HT was performed and different characteristics such as microstructure, mechanical properties, macro-hardness and fracture surface for selective laser melted and wrought parts were analysed. Findings The results show that the high cooling rate in selective laser melting (SLM) generates finer grains. Therefore, tensile strength and hardness increase along with a reduction in ductility was noticed. Recrystallization annealing appears to give the best combination of ductility, strength and hardness for selective laser melted parts, whilst for equivalent wrought samples, increasing HT temperature results in reduction of mechanical properties. Originality/value The contributions of this paper are discussing the effect of different annealing on mechanical properties and microstructural evolution based on new ASTM standards for selective laser melted samples and comparing them with wrought parts.

Optimization of the color fastness and mechanical properties of pigment dyed PC fabric

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-405
Author(s):  
Abdul Azeem ◽  
Sharjeel Abid ◽  
Noman Sarwar ◽  
Shahzaib Ali ◽  
Ahsan Maqsood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Washing Fastness ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Dyed Fabrics ◽  
Bending Length ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and reduce the stiffness/harshness of fabric associated with the pigment dyeing of textiles. Design/methodology/approach The fabric was pigment dyed with the addition of three different softeners and binders. The fabric was then analyzed to have improved textile properties by measuring tear strength, bending length, crocking and washing fastness tests. Findings The conventional route of pigment dyeing (without any softener) imparted poor mechanical and rubbing fastness. The softener-added recipe provided better mechanical, rubbing and washing fastness, and the stiffness values were oppressed as well. Practical implications Because of reduced stiffness, increased fastness and mechanical properties, the use of softener with pigment dyeing can improve the market values and satisfaction of the dyed fabrics. The finished product would also have better life and endurance. The process can be modified easily to have a better end-product with a negligible cost addition in industrial process, as softeners are cheap and used in low (10-20 g/l) in industrial settings without affecting the required shades. Originality/value This is the first report, to the best of the author’s knowledge, on the optimization of pigment dyeing of PC fabric with the addition of Helizarin and perapret softeners in dyeing bath.

Evaluation and prediction of material fatigue characteristics under impact loads: review and prospects

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintian Liu ◽  
Que Wu ◽  
Shengchao Su ◽  
Yansong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Material Fatigue ◽  
Mechanical Properties Of Materials ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Properties Of Materials

PurposeThe properties of materials under impact load are introduced in terms of metal, nonmetallic materials and composite materials. And the application of impact load research in biological fields is also mentioned. The current hot research topics and achievements in this field are summarized. In addition, some problems in theoretical modeling and testing of the mechanical properties of materials are discussed.Design/methodology/approachThe situation of materials under impact load is of great significance to show the mechanical performance. The performance of various materials under impact load is different, and there are many research methods. It is affected by some kinds of factors, such as the temperature, the gap and the speed of load.FindingsThe research on mechanical properties of materials under impact load has the characteristics as fellow. It is difficult to build the theoretical model, verify by experiment and analyze the data accumulation.Originality/valueThis review provides a reference for further study of material properties.

The Mechanical Properties of Platinum-Iridium Alloy Coating

2012 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsi Hsin Chien ◽  
Kung Jeng Ma ◽  
Chien Hung Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Alloy Film ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
Glass Molding

Glass molding process provides a great potential for the production of precise glass optical components at low cost. The platinum-iridium (Pt-Ir) alloys are widely used as the protective coatings to extend the service life of the mold in glass molding process. This study concentrated on the microstructure and mechanical properties of sputtered Pt-Ir alloy films. The obvious grain growth was observed in the Pt-Ir alloy films at sputtering temperature of 700. The hardness and elastic modulus of Pt-Ir alloy film decreased with the increase in Pt content.

Study on mechanical properties of non-dispersible concrete in seawater environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-818
Author(s):  
Huijun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Products ◽  
Main Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Seawater Environment ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Underwater Concrete ◽  
Working Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to research the hardened properties of non-dispersible concrete in seawater environment, especially in seawater environment. Design/methodology/approach The main approach is according to the experiment. Findings The findings of this paper are: first, because of the washing effect of water, the strength of underwater non-dispersible concrete is lower than that of terrestrial concrete. Second, the strength of non-dispersible underwater concrete with silica fume increases remarkably at different ages. Third, underwater non-dispersible concrete does not produce new products when it is formed and cured in seawater. Originality/value In this paper, underwater non-dispersible concrete is formed and maintained on land, freshwater and seawater by underwater pouring method. The working performance, mechanical properties and durability of underwater non-dispersible concrete mixtures after hardening are tested.

Influence of the cavities on the PCB mechanical properties

Circuit World ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Boleslav Psota ◽  
Alexandr Otáhal ◽  
Ivan Szendiuch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Acceleration Amplitude

Purpose – The main aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of the cavity coverage on the printed circuit boards (PCB) to the resonant frequency, acceleration and displacement. Design/methodology/approach – Tests were realized on four PCBs with different cavity areas. Frequency range of tests was between 10 and 2,000 Hz with 0.3 g acceleration amplitude. In addition, more simulations were performed to check different setups of the boards. Findings – From the calculated and measured data, it is clear that with the larger cavity area the resonance frequency drops. In case a greater number of components placed in cavities are needed on board, it is appropriate to use multiple smaller cavities than the bigger ones. Originality/value – Results in this paper could be very useful for PCB manufacturers and designers during designing of the new PCBs with cavities for dipped components.

Study on inert solvent for preparation based on GO/EP composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Guangkai Hu ◽  
Xiaorui Zhang ◽  
Lizhu Liu ◽  
Weng Ling ◽  
Weiwei Cui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
Graft Modification ◽  
Ep Matrix ◽  
Inert Solvent ◽  
Alcohol Solvents

PurposeThe dispersity of graphene oxide (GO) has an important effect on the properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites. Many modification and dispersion methods require the use of inert solvents which do not participate in the modification reaction, although GO can be uniformly dispersed in water and alcohol solvents. Based on this requirement, several inert solvents were selected as dispersion solvents to find out the suitable inert solvent for GO dispersion into EP matrix.Design/methodology/approachSeveral inert solvents with different solubility parameters were selected as dispersion solvents to prepare GO/EP composite. The microstructure, mechanical properties, insulation properties, dielectric properties and thermal property of the composite were characterized, which was due to find suitable inert solvent for GO dispersion into EP matrix.FindingsThe dispersity of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was the best stable suspension state when it was used as solvent instead of occurring sedimentation and agglomeration. Moreover, DMF was further confirmed as a suitable inert solvent for the dispersion of GO into EP according to the mechanical properties, insulation properties and thermal conductivity characterization.Research limitations/implicationsThe dispersion of GO in solvents has already been researched, but the traditional solvents, such as alcohols and water, has shown their limitations with the increase of modification methods, which were not suitable for the modification environment such as cyanate graft modification. Therefore, it was very important to choose a kind of inert solvent for dissolving EP matrix and dispersing GO better.Originality/valueSeveral inert solvents were used to disperse GO into EP, and the influence of different dispersing solvents on the adhesive was discussed through the analysis of the mechanical properties, insulation properties and thermal conductivity, which was due to explore the inert solvent suitable for GO dispersion.

Study on properties of decolorizing yakwool fiber and spun yarn

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Qin Xiaoxuan ◽  
Hui’e Liang ◽  
Xuzhong Su ◽  
Xinjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Spun Yarn

Purpose As a natural fiber, yakwool has attracted much attention in textile processing due to its excellent properties and wearabilities. However, the main colors of yakwool are black and brown. Therefore, for extending the application scopes of the fiber, the decolorization of the yakwool fiber is usually needed, especially for the black fiber. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In the paper, the properties of the yakwool fiber were tested first, especially the melanin granules in the fiber. Then, the decolorization of the yakwool fiber was studied using the oxidation–reduction decolorization method, and corresponding optimal process of the decolorization was given. Then, the properties of the decolorized yakwool fiber were tested and compared with those of the original fiber. Findings It is shown that, after decolorization, the physical and mechanical properties of the fiber were deteriorated, especially in terms of the strength and elongation. Therefore, the fiber became shorter and thinner, and the scales were damaged. When compared with the yarn spun from the original yakwool fiber, it was observed that the properties of the yarn spun from the decolorized yakwool fiber deteriorated because of the deterioration in the properties of the original fiber. Originality/value In the paper, for extending the application scopes of the yakwool fiber, the decolorization of the yakwool fiber was studied.

Study on the joint mechanical properties of steel structure buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Joint Stress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structure Building ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Supporting Frame

PurposeThe main supporting frame of steel structure buildings is steel, and the beam-column joints of the steel structure directly affect the stability and strength of the supporting frame.Design/methodology/approachThis paper briefly introduced the beam-column joints which are used for ensuring the stability of buildings in the steel structure building, selected the fabricated beam-column joints which were different from the traditional welding methods, tested the fabricated beam-column joints with the reaction frame and jack and detected the influence of the thickness and length of the splice plate on the mechanical properties of joints.FindingsThe results showed that the joint stress and the displacement in the vertical direction increased under greater load no matter which kind of fabricated joint was used; under the same load, the thickness and length of the splice significantly affected the mechanical properties of joints, and the larger the thickness and length, the smaller the joint stress and displacement in the vertical direction.Originality/valueTo sum up, increasing the thickness or length of the splice plate of the fabricated joint can effectively improve the mechanical properties of joints.

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