Diagnosis of COVID-19 using 3D CT scans and vaccination for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangadhar Ch ◽  
S. Jana ◽  
Sankararao Majji ◽  
Prathyusha Kuncha ◽  
Fantin Irudaya Raj E. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infected People ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Ct Classification ◽  
First Time

Purpose For the first time in a decade, a new form of pneumonia virus, coronavirus, COVID-19, appeared in Wuhan, China. To date, it has affected millions of people, killed thousands and resulted in thousands of deaths around the world. To stop the spread of this virus, isolate the infected people. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is very accurate in revealing the details of the lungs and allows oncologists to detect COVID. However, the analysis of CT scans, which can include hundreds of images, may cause delays in hospitals. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology could help to COVID-19-positive cancer in this manner is the main purpose of the work. Design/methodology/approach CT scans are a medical imaging procedure that gives a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the lungs for clinical purposes. The volumetric 3D data sets can be regarded as axial, coronal and transverse data sets. By using AI, we can diagnose the virus presence. Findings The paper discusses the use of an AI for COVID-19, and CT classification issue and vaccination details of COVID-19 have been detailed in this paper. Originality/value Originality of the work is, all the data can be collected genuinely and did research work doneown methodology.

RBF-based mesh morphing approach to perform icing simulations in the aviation sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Groth ◽  
Emiliano Costa ◽  
Marco Evangelos Biancolini
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mesh Morphing ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cfd Analyses ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Numerical simulation of icing has become a standard. Once the iced shape is known, however, the analyst needs to update the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) grid. This paper aims to propose a method to update the numerical mesh with ice profiles. Design/methodology/approach The present paper concerns a novel and fast radial basis functions (RBF) mesh morphing technique to efficiently and accurately perform ice accretion simulations on industrial models in the aviation sector. This method can be linked to CFD analyses to dynamically reproduce the ice growth. Findings To verify the consistency of the proposed approach, one of the most challenging ice profile selected in the LEWICE manual was replicated and simulated through CFD. To showcase the effectiveness of this technique, predefined ice profiles were automatically applied on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cases using both commercial and open-source CFD solvers. Practical implications If ice accreted shapes are available, the meshless characteristic of the proposed approach enables its coupling with the CFD solvers currently supported by the RBF4AERO platform including OpenFOAM, SU2 and ANSYS Fluent. The advantages provided by the use of RBF are the high performance and reliability, due to the fast application of mesh smoothing and the accuracy in controlling surface mesh nodes. Originality/value As far as authors’ knowledge is concerned, this is the first time in scientific literature that RBF are proposed to handle icing simulations. Due to the meshless characteristic of the RBF mesh morphing, the proposed approach is cross solver and can be used for both 2D and 3D geometries.

DISPERSIVE FRACTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF KIDNEY ARTERIES BY THREE-DIMENSIONAL MASS-RADIUS-ANALYSIS

Fractals ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 879-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SERNETZ ◽  
M. JUSTEN ◽  
F. JESTCZEMSKI
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Local Scaling ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
First Time

Three-dimensional data sets of kidney arterial vessels were obtained from resin casts by serial sectioning and by micro-NMR-tomography, and were analyzed by the mass-radius-relation both for global and local scaling properties. We present for the first time the spatial resolution of local scaling and thus the dispersion of the fractal dimension within the organs. The arterial system is characterized as a non-homogeneous fractal. We discuss and relate the fractal structure to the scaling and allometry of metabolic rates in living organisms.

Development of low cost three-dimensional body scanner using depth perception camera

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyeon Lee ◽  
Dong Il Yoo ◽  
Sungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Model Alignment ◽  
Body Scanner

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a relatively inexpensive and easily movable three-dimensional (3D) body scanner. Design/methodology/approach Multiple depth perception cameras and a turntable were used to form the hardware and a client-server computer network was used to control the hardware. Findings A portable and inexpensive yet quite accurate body scanner system has been developed. Research limitations/implications The turntable mechanism and semi-automatic model alignment caused some error. Practical implications This scanner is expected to facilitate the acquisition of 3D human body or garment data easily for various research projects. Social implications Many researchers might have an easy access to 3D data of large object such as body or whole garment. Originality/value Inexpensive yet expandable scanning system has been developed using readily available components.

scholarly journals Accuracy of chair-side fused-deposition modelling for dental applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-863
Author(s):  
Fusong Yuan ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuchun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Dental Model ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Dental Applications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a chair-side design and production method for a tooth-supported fixed implant guide and to evaluate its accuracy. Design/methodology/approach Three-dimensional (3D) data of the alveolar ridge, adjacent teeth and antagonistic teeth were acquired from models of the edentulous area of 30 patients. The implant guides were then constructed using self-developed computer-aided design software and chair-side fused deposition modelling 3D-printing and positioned on a dental model. A model scanner was used to acquire 3D data of the positioned implant guides, and the overall error was then evaluated. Findings The overall error was 0.599 ± 0.146 mm (n = 30). One-way ANOVA revealed no statistical differences among the 30 implant guides. The gap between the occlusal surface of the teeth covering and the tissue surface of the implant guide was measured. The maximum gap after positioning of the implant guide was 0.341 mm (mean, 0.179 ± 0.019 mm). The implanted axes of the printed implant guide and designed guide were compared in terms of overall, lateral and angular error, which were 0.104 ± 0.004 mm, 0.097 ± 0.003 mm, and 2.053° ± 0.017°, respectively. Originality/value The results of this study demonstrated that the accuracy of a new chair-side tooth-supported fixed implant guide can satisfy clinical requirements.

A Review of Registration Methods on Mobile Robots

2013 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Vicente Morell-Gimenez ◽  
Sergio Orts-Escolano ◽  
José García-Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Cazorla ◽  
Diego Viejo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Iterative Closest Point ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Feature Detector ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Common Coordinate System ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Rigid Motions

The task of registering three dimensional data sets with rigid motions is a fundamental problem in many areas as computer vision, medical images, mobile robotic, arising whenever two or more 3D data sets must be aligned in a common coordinate system. In this chapter, the authors review registration methods. Focusing on mobile robots area, this chapter reviews the main registration methods in the literature. A possible classification could be distance-based and feature-based methods. The distance based methods, from which the classical Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is the most representative, have a lot of variations which obtain better results in situations where noise, time, or accuracy conditions are present. Feature based methods try to reduce the great number or points given by the current sensors using a combination of feature detector and descriptor which can be used to compute the final transformation with a method like RANSAC or Genetic Algorithms.

Queries related to COVID-19: a more effective retrieval through finetuned ALBERT with BM25L question answering system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepthi Godavarthi ◽  
Mary Sowjanya A.
Keyword(s):  
Question Answering ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Benchmark Data ◽  
Open Research ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scientific Questions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to build a better question answering (QA) system that can furnish more improved retrieval of answers related to COVID-19 queries from the COVID-19 open research data set (CORD-19). As CORD-19 has an up-to-date collection of coronavirus literature, text mining approaches can be successfully used to retrieve answers pertaining to all coronavirus-related questions. The existing a lite BERT for self-supervised learning of language representations (ALBERT) model is finetuned for retrieving all COVID relevant information to scientific questions posed by the medical community and to highlight the context related to the COVID-19 query. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a finetuned ALBERT-based QA system in association with Best Match25 (Okapi BM25) ranking function and its variant BM25L for context retrieval and provided high scores in benchmark data sets such as SQuAD for answers related to COVID-19 questions. In this context, this paper has built a QA system, pre-trained on SQuAD and finetuned it on CORD-19 data to retrieve answers related to COVID-19 questions by extracting semantically relevant information related to the question. Findings BM25L is found to be more effective in retrieval compared to Okapi BM25. Hence, finetuned ALBERT when extended to the CORD-19 data set provided accurate results. Originality/value The finetuned ALBERT QA system was developed and tested for the first time on the CORD-19 data set to extract context and highlight the span of the answer for more clarity to the user.

Estimation of fiber orientation and length distribution in cashmere fibrous assemblies

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1084-1093
Author(s):  
Hui Jing ◽  
WeiDong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Orientation Fields ◽  
Orientation Distributions ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Fibrous Assemblies ◽  
First Time

In a general fibrous assembly, single fiber orientation as well as fiber length distributions are important characteristics because they directly influence the properties of textiles. An X-ray micro-tomography experiment with a high resolution of 3 μm was for the first time conducted on a randomly oriented inner Mongolia cashmere fibrous assembly to get a series of two-dimensional projections from different angles and the corresponding cone–beam algorithm proposed by Feldkamp and volume rendering technique were used to realize the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. An automated segmentation algorithm described by Rigort and Weber was used to trace and detect single fibers from tomographic 3D data. Local normalized cross-correlation of the tomograms was computed with a cylindrical template that mimics a short microtubule segment to get two new objects, named the correlation and orientation fields. Tracing results of fiber length and orientation distributions were given in this paper statistically.

Investigation into the development and historical roots of collection development by referenced publication year spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Basharat Ahmad Malik ◽  
Ashiya Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Collection Development ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
Time Period ◽  
History Of

Purpose The purpose of this study is the application of a recently developed quantitative method named Referenced Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS) in the spectrum of Collection Development. RPYS portrays peak years to be recognized in citations in a research field that guarantees to assist in the identification of significant contributions and groundbreaking revelations in a research field. Design/methodology/approach Preliminary data of the study has been extracted from Web of Science (WoS) by using two phrases “collection development” and “collection building” to search in terms of the topic (comprising four parts: title, abstract, author keywords and KeyWords Plus). The search was restricted to the time period 1974-2017, which formulated a data set of 1,682 documents covering 29,017 cited references. The program CRExplorer (www.crexplorer.net) was used for the extraction of cited references from the data sets downloaded from WoS. Further analysis was performed manually using MS-Excel 2016. Findings The present study identified seminal works, which contributed to a high extent to the evolution and development of collection development. The analysis of all cited references using the RPYS method showed nine peaks, which present historical roots of collection development and revealed that the basic idea of this very subfield of library science dates centuries back. Moreover, the results of the investigation on most effective documents (in the form of peaks) revealed that the field of collection development significantly influenced by the works of authors such as Gabriel Naudé, Gabriel Peignot, Giulio Petzholdt, P L Gross, E M Gross, Richard Trueswell, Allen Kent, Ross Atkinson, etc. Practical implications The analysis of works cited in publications helps to ascertain important intellectual contributions related to a particular domain of knowledge. It not only helps in extracting the most important works but also it helps to reconstruct the history of a specific research field by examining the specific role of the cited references. Therefore, the results of the study could be useful for researchers, practitioners, scholars and more specifically bibliophiles, bibliographers and librarians to gain a better understanding of seminal works in the spectrum of collection development. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, the present research work is unique and novel in the spectrum of collection development, which explored and examined the pivotal works in the field by using the RPYS method.

Classifying male upper lateral somatotypes using space vectors

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Kyung Yoon ◽  
Yun Ja Nam ◽  
Woong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Space Vector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Body Shell ◽  
Space Vectors ◽  
The Right

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for defining and categorizing upper lateral somatotypes for clothing size systems used for clothing pattern creation based on directional angles of 3D space vectors. Design/methodology/approach – 3D data for 317 men in their twenties obtained from the fifth Size Korea survey were used in this study. Standard landmarks and surfaces were set on the 3D shapes, and six space vector angles of the lateral form were defined and measured. Relationships among the measurement results were clarified, and the results were compared with those obtained using existing classifying methods. Findings – The measurement of the defined directional angles indicated that the swayback type and bend-forward type had the two extreme values, and the straight type was between the two values. The analysis of the correlation between six directional angles indicated that some points in the lower area of the upper body had a high correlation with other points in the lower area. Researchlimitations/implications – The subjects of this study were limited to lateral somatotypes, and there is a need for future studies that focus on frontal somatotypes. This research is confined to the upper lateral somatotypes of men in their twenties. Further study is needed to extend the results of this study to other body types such as those of elderly and overweight persons. Practical implications – Major angle measurements quantified by the somatotypes can be specifically reflect in developing and revised to the right patterns which is spread body shell replica or individual pattern for MTM. Social implications – This objective somatotype analysis method can be involved in determining individual body somatotype of ordermade clothes or can provided the accurate information interactively to MTM automatic customized pattern making system. Originality/value – Accurate measurements of size, shape, and posture were applied and characterized to realize the process. Accuracy was improved compared to existing 2D analysis methods through three-dimensional analysis using directional space vector angles based on 3D forms.

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