Accurate Estimation of Genomic Deletions and Normal Cell Contamination by Bayesian Analysis of Mixtures

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Yu ◽  
Bai Zhang ◽  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
Ie-Ming Shih ◽  
Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Genomic Deletions ◽  
Normal Cell Contamination

scholarly journals BACOM: in silico detection of genomic deletion types and correction of normal cell contamination in copy number data

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1473-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Yu ◽  
Bai Zhang ◽  
G. Steven Bova ◽  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
Ie−Ming Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Copy Number Data ◽  
Genomic Deletion ◽  
Normal Cell Contamination

An Efficient Statistic for Determining the Diameter of Thin Sectioned Uniform Spheres from Measurements of Biological Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
W. R. Schucany ◽  
G. H. Kelsoe ◽  
V. F. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Sectioned Material ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Similar Cell

Accurate estimation of the size of spheroid organelles from thin sectioned material is often necessary, as uniquely homogenous populations of organelles such as vessicles, granules, or nuclei often are critically important in the morphological identification of similar cell types. However, the difficulty in obtaining accurate diameter measurements of thin sectioned organelles is well known. This difficulty is due to the extreme tenuity of the sectioned material as compared to the size of the intact organelle. In populations where low variance is suspected the traditional method of diameter estimation has been to measure literally hundreds of profiles and to describe the “largest” as representative of the “approximate maximal diameter”.

Stimulated Virus Production in Vinblastine and Cytochalasin-Induced Multinucleate Cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Krishan Awtar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Multinucleate Cells ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Nuclear Membranes ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Vinblastine Sulfate

Exposure of cells to low sublethal but mitosis-arresting doses of vinblastine sulfate (Velban) results in the initial arrest of cells in mitosis followed by their subsequent return to an “interphase“-like stage. A large number of these cells reform their nuclear membranes and form large multimicronucleated cells, some containing as many as 25 or more micronuclei (1). Formation of large multinucleate cells is also caused by cytochalasin, by causing the fusion of daughter cells at the end of an otherwise .normal cell division (2). By the repetition of this process through subsequent cell divisions, large cells with 6 or more nuclei are formed.

Electron Microscopy and image analysis of nucleo-protein complexes

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
E. H. Egelman ◽  
X. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Reca Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Helical Polymer ◽  
Specific Protease

The RecA protein of E. coli has been shown to mediate genetic recombination, regulate its own synthesis, control the expression of other genes, act as a specific protease, form a helical polymer and have an ATPase activity, among other observed properties. The unusual filament formed by the RecA protein on DNA has not previously been shown to exist outside of bacteria. Within this filament, the 36 Å pitch of B-form DNA is extended to about 95 Å, the pitch of the RecA helix. We have now establishedthat similar nucleo-protein complexes are formed by bacteriophage and yeast proteins, and availableevidence suggests that this structure is universal across all of biology, including humans. Thus, understanding the function of the RecA protein will reveal basic mechanisms, in existence inall organisms, that are at the foundation of general genetic recombination and repair.Recombination at this moment is assuming an importance far greater than just pure biology. The association between chromosomal rearrangements and neoplasms has become stronger and stronger, and these rearrangements are most likely products of the recombinatory apparatus of the normal cell. Further, damage to DNA appears to be a major cause of cancer.

Under- and Over-Estimation

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Crollen ◽  
Julie Castronovo ◽  
Xavier Seron
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Numerical Estimation ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis ◽  
Task Perception

Over the last 30 years, numerical estimation has been largely studied. Recently, Castronovo and Seron (2007) proposed the bi-directional mapping hypothesis in order to account for the finding that dependent on the type of estimation task (perception vs. production of numerosities), reverse patterns of performance are found (i.e., under- and over-estimation, respectively). Here, we further investigated this hypothesis by submitting adult participants to three types of numerical estimation task: (1) a perception task, in which participants had to estimate the numerosity of a non-symbolic collection; (2) a production task, in which participants had to approximately produce the numerosity of a symbolic numerical input; and (3) a reproduction task, in which participants had to reproduce the numerosity of a non-symbolic numerical input. Our results gave further support to the finding that different patterns of performance are found according to the type of estimation task: (1) under-estimation in the perception task; (2) over-estimation in the production task; and (3) accurate estimation in the reproduction task. Moreover, correlation analyses revealed that the more a participant under-estimated in the perception task, the more he/she over-estimated in the production task. We discussed these empirical data by showing how they can be accounted by the bi-directional mapping hypothesis ( Castronovo & Seron, 2007 ).

LABORATORY TESTS OF THYROID FUNCTION IN HYPERTHYROIDISM II.

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S23-S35
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
O. P. Heinonen ◽  
K. Liewendahl ◽  
G. Kvist ◽  
M. Viherkoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Crossing Point ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The distributions of 13 variables based on 10 laboratory tests measuring thyroid function were studied in euthyroid controls and in patients with toxic diffuse or toxic multinodular goitre. Density functions were fitted to the empirical data and the goodness of fit was evaluated by the use of the χ2-test. In a few instances there was a significant difference but the material available was in some respects too small to allow a very accurate estimation. The normal limits for each variable was defined by the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles. It appears that in some instances these limits are too rigorous from the practical point of view. It is emphasized that the crossing point of the functions for euthyroid controls and hyperthyroid patients may be a better limit to use. In a preliminary analysis of the diagnostic efficiency the variables of total or free hormone concentration in the blood proved clearily superior to all other variables.

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