scholarly journals HotSel: A Hot Spot Selection Algorithm for Internet Access in Rural Areas through Nanosatellite Networks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cello ◽  
Mario Marchese ◽  
Fabio Patrone
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Selection Algorithm

Resource nationalism rises in Papua New Guinea

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Resource Nationalism ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Roll Out

Significance It reports less than 100 cases and one death, but official figures probably underestimate the reality. PNG’s health system was already in serious decline before the pandemic and the government acknowledges a high probability that community transmission continues. Impacts What may slow infections is the fact that much of PNG’s population lives in rural and remote areas. The roll-out of internet access to provincial cities and rural areas will help integrate PNG’s fragmented economy and society. Despite the Bougainville region voting strongly for independence in a non-binding referendum last year, actual independence is years away.

Low Cost Wireless Internet Access for Rural Areas using Tethered Aerostats

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bilaye ◽  
V. N. Gawande ◽  
U. B. Desai ◽  
A. A. Raina ◽  
R. S. Pant
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Wireless Internet ◽  
Wireless Internet Access

scholarly journals Regional Distribution of Adult Education in Hungary (2010, 2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Dávid Hajdú ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
County Government ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Data Collection Program

This article presents the results of a study related to the regional distribution of participants in adulteducation programs in Hungary. Adult education is one of the cornerstones of lifelong learning supported by the European Union. The author performed a secondary database analysis from the OSAP 1665 (National Statistical Data Collection Program on Adult Education) database operated by the Pest County Government Office. To answer the main research questions, the author used the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Local Moran I Autocorrelation and Hot Spot analysis methods used in regional statistics. Access to education in rural areas is one of the components of reducing unfavorable demographic changes and emigration caused by unemployment. The purpose of the study is to draw attention to the lack of access to education for people living in rural areas and to the fact that education is the first step in keeping the rural population in place. During the study period (2010 and 2019), training centers covered more than 50 percent of the country’s municipalities. Training centers are located along the main roads of the country. A study of the service areas of the district centers revealed which districts lacked such centers. With the help of the research methods, the author obtained data indicating that the training achievements of rural areas are weak, and this may lead to their further backlog. In the southern part of Western Hungary, due to the peculiarities of the economic and settlement structure, area with no training centers was formed. Over time, the problems will also appear in other social and economic indicators, which may require the organization of major catch-up programs.

scholarly journals A Study on Impact of Digitalization Rural Development in Khambhat Taluka

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Sahima N.Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Digital Gap

In recent years, information and communication technology (ICT) has rapidly spread across the globe, along with increased market penetration and easy availability of economical smartphones and cell phones with both wired and nonwired connections to access the Internet; this leapfrogging in the Internet access is true even in the rural areas of the world's developing countries. This study explored the interplay between contextual and individual factors related to Internet adoption in isolated rural communities. By investigating 10 remote villages throughout Chile that received Internet access infrastructure in 2010–2011, we identified 3 areas in which contextual and individual factors are intertwined.1.Geogeaphical isolation,2. the communities' aging population also represented a strong challenge because they lack young people, a relevant technology socialization agent.3.Jon and economic. When the Internet has reached the vast majority of the population, isolated communities confront specific challenges that we need to consider in policy?making decisions. As Internet access spreads and the level of penetration reaches high percentages in both developed and developing countries, the urban–rural digital gap remains strong (e.g., LaRose, Strover, Gregg, &Straubhaar, 2011; Rivera, Lima & Castillo 2014). Thus, many policy?making efforts have promoted online connection in rural areas. For example, in the United States, the Department of Agriculture has promoted broadband access programs such as the Sustainable Broadband Adoption Program (LaRose et al., 2012).

scholarly journals Heavy metal load and effects on biochemical properties in urban soils of a medium-sized city, Ancona, Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Serrani ◽  
Franco Ajmone-Marsan ◽  
Giuseppe Corti ◽  
Stefania Cocco ◽  
Valeria Cardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Particle Size Fractions

AbstractUrban soils are often mixed with extraneous materials and show a high spatial variability that determine great differences from their agricultural or natural counterparts. The soils of 18 localities of a medium-sized city (Ancona, Italy) were analysed for their main physicochemical and biological properties, and for chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) total content, distribution among particle-size fractions, and extractability. Because of the absence of thresholds defining a hot spot for heavy metal pollution in urban soils, we defined a “threshold of attention” (ToA) for each heavy metal aiming to bring out hot spot soils where it is more impellent to intervene to mitigate or avoid potential environmental concerns. In several city locations, the soil displayed sub-alkaline pH, large contents of clay-size particles, and higher TOC, total N, and available P with respect to the surrounding rural areas, joined with high contents of total heavy metals, but low availability. The C biomass, basal respiration, qCO2, and enzyme activities were compared to that detected in the near rural soils, and results suggested that heavy metals content has not substantially compromised the soil ecological services. We conclude that ToA can be considered as a valuable tool to highlight soil hot spots especially for cities with a long material history and, for a proper risk assessment in urban soils, we suggest considering the content of available heavy metals (rather than the total content) and soil functions.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan SIG untuk Pemetaan Kawasan Produksi Komoditas Unggulan Tanaman Pangan di Kabupaten Pacitan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Agung Jauhari
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Production Area

GIS Utilization for Mapping the Leading Food Crops Commodities Production Area in Pacitan Regency Nowadays, the regional development planning concept focuses on the development of remote and rural areas. The agricultural sector, particularly food crops, cannot be separated from the development of rural areas. Development of leading food crop commodities based on production can be accelerated using Geographic Information System (GIS). The objectives of this research are to identify leading food crop commodities in Pacitan Regency and to map their production areas. Analyses of Sectoral Contribution Index, Growth Ratio Model, Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Supply-Demand Ratio, and Composite Index were conducted to identify the leading food crop commodities. Meanwhile, the production area of those food crops were determined by utilizing Hot Spot (Getis Ord Gi*) analysis on village unit. The results show that cassava, corn, and rice are leading food crop commodities in Pacitan Regency. Hot Spot analysis results show that there are two clusters of leading food crop commodity development: the Northeast and Northwest of Pacitan Regency. Northeast around Bandar District, is the center production of cassava, corn, and rice. Meanwhile, Northwest around Punung District, is the location of rice production. This research is expected to contribute to policy formulation to determine leading food crop commodities and developing agropolitan area in Pacitan Regency.

scholarly journals Questing tick abundance in urban and peri-urban parks in the French city of Lyon

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Mathews-Martin ◽  
Manon Namèche ◽  
Gwenaël Vourc’h ◽  
Sabrina Gasser ◽  
Isabelle Lebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Tick Abundance

Abstract Background In Europe, ticks are responsible for the transmission of several pathogens of medical importance, including bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) complex, the agents of Lyme borreliosis. In France, the Auvergne Rhône-Alpes region is considered a hot spot for human tick-borne pathogen infections, with an estimated annual rate of 156 cases of Lyme borreliosis per 100,000 inhabitants. Although several studies have assessed the abundance of ticks in rural areas, little consideration has been given thus far to urban green spaces in France. Methods This study aimed to estimate tick abundance in three parks, two urban (U1, U2) and one peri-urban (PU), in and around the city of Lyon (France). A forest in a rural area was used as a control (C). Tick sampling campaigns were performed in each site in April, May, June, July, and October 2019 using the dragging method. One hundred transects of 10 m2 each were randomly chosen in each park in places frequented by humans. The sampling sessions were carried out under semi-controlled abiotic conditions. Ticks were stored in 70% ethanol and identified to species and developmental stage under a light microscope using morphological keys. Results A total of seven ticks (nymphs and adults) were collected in the two urban parks (six in U1 and one in U2), while 499 ticks were sampled in the peri-urban park. Of the 506 ticks collected, 504 were identified as Ixodes ricinus, one as Dermacentor marginatus, and one as Ixodes frontalis. In the peri-urban park, ticks were mainly collected under the forest cover and at forest edges. Tick density under forest cover was 7.1 times higher in the control site than in the peri-urban park throughout the survey period. Conclusions This study confirmed the presence of ticks in all of the parks surveyed, although their occurrence in the urban parks was very rare compared to the peri-urban park and the control site. These results should serve as a basis for the implementation of preventive measures.

Ethical Implications of the Digital Divide and Social Exclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essien D. Essien
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Computer Ownership ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Subject

Despite that global internet usage continues to expand given the increase in the number of computer ownership and Internet access, a divide persists between information rich and information poor, which is people with lower incomes, education levels, skill and capacity, minorities, as well as those living in rural areas. Building on numerous researches on the digital divide, this study argues for a different set of metaphors by which digital divide should be understood, valued and managed. It examines the understanding that the digital divide is inevitably tied to the concept of social inequalities in every society. With an insight provided for understanding the independent and different layers of the digital divide, a criterion on appropriate approach toward tackling the problem of digital divide is thus supplied. Findings have significant implication for cumulative research on the subject of digital divide in Africa.

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