Low-Pressure Line Control for Automatic Pressure Testing Applied in Oil and Gas Industry

Author(s):  
Yago M. R. Silva ◽  
Luiz C. C. Pedroza ◽  
Milena F. Pinto ◽  
Gabryel S. Ramos
Author(s):  
K. E. W. Coulson ◽  
T. C. Slimmon ◽  
M. A. Murray

The start of the new millennium will see companies in the oil and gas industry faced with a dual challenge. Not only will they have to undertake exploration in more demanding terrain and environments, but they also face far more competition in what they previously regarded as their traditional marketplace. The goal of meeting both shareholder and customer needs, while simultaneously attempting to increase market share by becoming more competitive, will be paramount if this success is to be achieved. While a number of strategies have been developed over the last decade in an attempt to achieve and balance these financial goals, the control and reduction of costs play a significant part in all such ‘cost effective’ programs. Past approaches have targeted the organisational structure, internal processes and strategic advantage through acquisitions, mergers and downsizing. However, any gains realised by such programs must be continuously improved upon by implementing innovative approaches to future reductions and controlling costs. Some companies have shifted the focus from internal cost scrutiny to influencing and ultimately controlling external factors of cost. The supply chain offers a tremendous opportunity to drive out costs, one such approach being to partner with the best suppliers of key components to shorten delivery times while minimizing life cycle costs. It is therefore paramount that one distinguishes between those who are simply suppliers and that smaller group who are the best suppliers, all the while fostering a win-win relationship by sharing growth and profitability. This paper will introduce the concepts of the Supplier Performance Measurement Process (SPMP), which NOVA / TransCanada introduced in late 1997 to measure and manage its suppliers’ performance in the provision of a few strategically critical commodities. To provide context for this paper two such commodities, high pressure line pipe and high integrity pipe coatings are addressed in some detail. The application of the process to these commodities alone yielded a capital cost reduction of 6%. The paper explains in practical terms, the steps involved in the implementation of SPMP, and provides a simple process for eliciting feedback on the efficacy of the procurement process.


Author(s):  
Taiming Luo ◽  
Alexei Yu. Chirkov

Phase envelope construction for mixtures is very important in the oil and gas industry. The most widely used model for phase envelope construction is Peng — Robinson equation of state (PR-EOS) due to its simplicity. In order to construct phase envelopes of natural gas, a highly accurate Helmholtz energy equation of state GERG-2008 was proposed. In this work, the accuracy of phase envelopes calculated by a highly accurate equation of state GERG-2008, simplified GERG-2008 and traditional cubic PR-EOS was analyzed. The pressure-based algorithm is used to calculate phase envelopes. Phase envelopes of the methane—ethane mixtures were constructed and compared with reference data. The results show that phase envelopes can be constructed with GERG-2008 in high accuracy. PR-EOS has good accuracy in phase envelope construction under low pressure. The simplified GERG-2008 also works well under low pressure; however, as pressure increases, it performs worse than the simpler PR-EOS, especially in the vicinity of critical point. Besides, a modified density solver for the complicated GERG-EOS was proposed. Calculations show that the proposed density solver can provide reliable results.


2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Deng ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Gong Jing

Worldwide, the pipeline mileage has increased dramatically since 1948 when the industry began to keep mileage statistics for pipeline construction, especially in China. Before operating long distance oil and gas pipelines, the pressure testing for tightness and strength is of great importance for ensuring operating safety. Water is used as service fluid for the pressure testing due to its safety, and long distance pipeline is divided into a number of small sections according to complex terrain conditions. Segmental water pressure testing is now very frequently used in the oil and gas industry, ensuring safety and efficient construction of pipelines. However, some new problems may arise, in practice, for the pigging process, following water pressure testing. Based on the review of previous papers about pipes accidents, the causes can be classified into hydraulic and nonhydraulic aspects. With the method of characteristic (MOC) and basic theory of gas–liquid two-phase unsteady flow, a mathematical model is developed to simulate the hydraulic transients during the pigging process. The model has been applied to some segmental pipes in China to predict varying pressures under complex terrain conditions. Pressure pulses predicted at the end of pigging in the numerical results have also been found to occur in field trials. The analysis shows that pressure pulses may cause overpressure accidents due to vapor cavity collapse. The techniques in this paper can give reasonable instructions in long distance pipeline constructing, promoting the development of Chinese oil and gas industry.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansur Elkhan Shahlarli

Abstract The role of the Caspian Sea in the development of the oil and gas industry for our country and the world is undeniable. The discovery of new fields creates conditions for the development of efficient and modern technologies. The need for energy causes us to move away from the shore day by day and encounter bigger obstacles with increasing depth. Gunashli field sites are located 120 km from the shore and at a depth of 80-150 m. Studies have shown that during the inter-site transport of low pressure gas, mechanical impurities and gas leaks accumulate in the part of the pipeline rising from the seabed to the platform, which prevents the flow of gas to the low pressure compressor station. Low-pressure gas enters the compressor station with liquids and mechanical mixtures, which leads to rapid wear and tear of the working parts of expensive compressor machines. Initially, according to d'Alambert principle, the forces acting on liquid and solid particles in a vertical pipe were investigated, then the results are shown. Due to this results, we have proposed a new design for cleaning the gas at the bottom of the sea and transferring it to the separator.


2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 861-868
Author(s):  
Casper Wassink ◽  
Marc Grenier ◽  
Oliver Roy ◽  
Neil Pearson

2004 ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sharipova ◽  
I. Tcherkashin

Federal tax revenues from the main sectors of the Russian economy after the 1998 crisis are examined in the article. Authors present the structure of revenues from these sectors by main taxes for 1999-2003 and prospects for 2004. Emphasis is given to an increasing dependence of budget on revenues from oil and gas industries. The share of proceeds from these sectors has reached 1/3 of total federal revenues. To explain this fact world oil prices dynamics and changes in tax legislation in Russia are considered. Empirical results show strong dependence of budget revenues on oil prices. The analysis of changes in tax legislation in oil and gas industry shows that the government has managed to redistribute resource rent in favor of the state.


2011 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
A. Oleinik

The article deals with the issues of political and economic power as well as their constellation on the market. The theory of public choice and the theory of public contract are confronted with an approach centered on the power triad. If structured in the power triad, interactions among states representatives, businesses with structural advantages and businesses without structural advantages allow capturing administrative rents. The political power of the ruling elites coexists with economic power of certain members of the business community. The situation in the oil and gas industry, the retail trade and the road construction and operation industry in Russia illustrates key moments in the proposed analysis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
O. P. Trubitsina ◽  
V. N. Bashkin

The article is devoted to the consideration of geopolitical challenges for the analysis of geoenvironmental risks (GERs) in the hydrocarbon development of the Arctic territory. Geopolitical risks (GPRs), like GERs, can be transformed into opposite external environment factors of oil and gas industry facilities in the form of additional opportunities or threats, which the authors identify in detail for each type of risk. This is necessary for further development of methodological base of expert methods for GER management in the context of the implementational proposed two-stage model of the GER analysis taking to account GPR for the improvement of effectiveness making decisions to ensure optimal operation of the facility oil and gas industry and minimize the impact on the environment in the geopolitical conditions of the Arctic.The authors declare no conflict of interest


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