A Study of the Spheroplast Observations for W303 Single Cells under Environmental-SEM

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Ahmad ◽  
Masahiro Nakajima ◽  
Seiji Kolima ◽  
Michio Homma ◽  
Toshio Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Environmental Sem

Buckling Nanoneedle for Characterizing Single Cells Mechanics Inside Environmental SEM

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Ahmad ◽  
Masahiro Nakajima ◽  
Seiji Kojima ◽  
Michio Homma ◽  
Toshio Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Environmental Sem

Buckling nanoneedle for characterizing single cells mechanics inside environmental SEM

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Ahmad ◽  
Masahiro Nakajima ◽  
Seiji Kojima ◽  
Michio Homma ◽  
Toshio Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Environmental Sem

scholarly journals 1A2-O04 Bio-nano Manipulation System for Single Cells inside an Environmental-SEM

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (0) ◽  
pp. _1A2-O04_1-_1A2-O04_3
Author(s):  
Masahiro NAKAJIMA ◽  
Mohd Ridzuan AHMAD ◽  
Seiji KOJIMA ◽  
Michio HOMMA ◽  
Toshio FUKUDA
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Manipulation System ◽  
Environmental Sem

Effects of carbamylcholine on chick embryo aggregate retina cell cultures

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
Glenn M. Cohen ◽  
Radharaman Ray
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Retinal Cell ◽  
Cell Aggregates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Sterile Culture ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Synaptic Junctions ◽  
And Control

Retinal,cell aggregates develop in culture in a pattern similar to the in ovo retina, forming neurites first and then synapses. In the present study, we continuously exposed chick retinal cell aggregates to a high concentration (1 mM) of carbamylcholine (carbachol), an acetylcholine (ACh) analog that resists hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This situation is similar to organophosphorus anticholinesterase poisoning in which the ACh level is elevated at synaptic junctions due to inhibition of AChE, Our objective was to determine whether continuous carbachol exposure either damaged cholino- ceptive neurites, cell bodies, and synaptic elements of the aggregates or influenced (hastened or retarded) their development.The retinal tissue was isolated aseptically from 11 day embryonic White Leghorn chicks and then enzymatically (trypsin) and mechanically (trituration) dissociated into single cells. After washing the cells by repeated suspension and low (about 200 x G) centrifugation twice, aggregate cell cultures (about l0 cells/culture) were initiated in 1.5 ml medium (BME, GIBCO) in 35 mm sterile culture dishes and maintained as experimental (containing 10-3 M carbachol) and control specimens.

Selective Staining of Acid Mucopolysaccharides By Ruthenium Red

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
J. H. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Pectic Substances ◽  
Solid Tissues

Ruthenium red is one of the few completely inorganic dyes used to stain tissues for light microscopy. This novelty is enhanced by ignorance regarding its staining mechanism. However, its continued usefulness in botany for demonstrating pectic substances attests to selectivity of some sort. Whether understood or not, histochemists continue to be grateful for small favors.Ruthenium red can also be used with the electron microscope. If single cells are exposed to ruthenium red solution, sufficient mass can be bound to produce observable density in the electron microscope. Generally, this effect is not useful with solid tissues because the contrast is wasted on the damaged cells at the block surface, with little dye diffusing more than 25-50 μ into the interior. Although these traces of ruthenium red which penetrate between and around cells are visible in the light microscope, they produce negligible contrast in the electron microscope. However, its presence can be amplified by a reaction with osmium tetroxide, probably catalytically, to be easily visible by EM. Now the density is clearly seen to be extracellular and closely associated with collagen fibers (Fig. 1).

Beam-radiation effects on wool in the ESEM

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Know How ◽  
Environmental Sem

The advent of the environmental SEM (ESEM) has made possible the examination of uncoated and untreated specimen surfaces in the presence of a gaseous or liquid environment. However, the question arises as to what degree the examined surface remains unaffected by the action of the electron beam. It is reasonable to assume that the beam invariably affects all specimens but the type and degree of effect may be totally unimportant for one class of applications and totally unacceptable for another; yet, for a third class, it is imperative to know how our observations are modified by the presence of the beam. The aim of this report is to create an awareness of the need to initiate research work in various fields in order to determine the guiding rules of the limitations (or even advantages) due to irradiation.

Improvements on the gaseous detector device

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 630-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Gaseous Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beam Specimen ◽  
Thin Wires ◽  
Interference Noise ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Detection Of Signals ◽  
Environmental Sem

The possibility of placing the specimen in a gaseous medium in the environmental SEM (ESEM) has created novel ways for detection of signals from the beam-specimen interactions. It was originally reported by Oanilatos that the ionization produced by certain signals inside the conditioning medium can be used to produce images. The aim of this report is to demonstrate some of the improvements on the system that have occurred thereafter.Two straight thin wires are aligned horizontally along a direction normal to the direction of the two scintillator backscattered electron (BSE) detectors reported elsewhere. The free end tips of the wires are about 5 mm apart halfway between the specimen and the pressure limiting aperture (specimen distance = 1.5 mm). The other end of each wire makes contact with the input of a separate preamplifier, two of which are built inside a shielding aluminum stub. With such a design, interference noise from the input cables is avoided.

Detector strategies for environmental scanning electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1296-1297
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
High Vacuum ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Surface Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detector Electrode ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Low Energy Electrons ◽  
Environmental Sem

Environmental SEM operate at specimen chamber pressures of ∼20 torr (2.7 kPa) allowing stabilization of liquid water at room temperature, working on rugged insulators, and generation of an environmental secondary electron (ESE) signal. All signals available in conventional high vacuum instruments are also utilized in the environmental SEM, including BSE, SE, absorbed current, CL, and X-ray. In addition, the ESEM allows utilization of the flux of charge carriers as information, providing exciting new signal modes not available to BSE imaging or to conventional high vacuum SEM.In the ESEM, at low vacuum, SE electrons are collected with a “gaseous detector”. This detector collects low energy electrons (and ions) with biased wires or plates similar to those used in early high vacuum SEM for SE detection. The detector electrode can be integrated into the first PLA or positioned at any other place resulting in a versatile system that provides a variety of surface information.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

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