Biological and biomaterial engineering approaches for injured brain regeneration

Abstract In the recent years, zebrafish, owing to its tremendous adult neurogenic capacity, has emerged as a useful vertebrate model to study brain regeneration. Recent findings suggest a significant role of the BDNF/TrkB signaling as a mediator of brain regeneration following a stab injury in the adult zebrafish brain. Since BDNF has been implicated in a plethora of physiological processes, we hypothesized that these processes are affected in the injured zebrafish brain. In this small study, we examined the indicators of oxidative stress and of apoptosis using biochemical assays, RT-PCR and IHC to reflect upon the impact of stab injury on oxidative stress levels and apoptosis in the injured adult zebafish brain. Our results indicate induction of oxidative stress in the injured adult zebrafish brain. Also, apoptosis was induced in the injured brain as indicated by increased protein levels of cleaved caspase3 as well as enhanced mRNA levels of both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes. This knowledge contributes to the overall understanding of adult neurogenesis in the zebrafish model and raises new questions pertaining to the compensatory physiological mechanisms in response to traumatic brain injury in the adult zebrafish brain.

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Directing neural stem cell fate with biomaterial parameters for injured brain regeneration

Progress in Natural Science Materials International ◽

10.1016/j.pnsc.2013.02.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 103-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Shenglian Yao ◽

Xi Liu ◽

Xiumei Wang ◽

Antonio Merolli ◽

Xiongbiao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Injured Brain ◽

Brain Regeneration

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Induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the injured brain: potential relevance to brain regeneration in zebrafish

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-021-06506-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Surendra Kumar Anand ◽

Manas Ranjan Sahu ◽

Amal Chandra Mondal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brain Potential ◽

Injured Brain ◽

Brain Regeneration

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Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld22.3.82 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 82-89

Author(s):

Oscar D. Guillamondegui

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Trauma Team ◽

The United States ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Term Care ◽

Injured Brain ◽

The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

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