Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbour (FkNN) Based Early Stage Fire Source Classification in Building

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Andrew ◽  
A. Y. M. Shakaff ◽  
A. Zakaria ◽  
R. Gunasagaran ◽  
E. Kanagaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Fire Source

scholarly journals Lung Cancer Detection using Nearest Neighbour Classifier

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3641-3645
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
Nearest Neighbour Classifier ◽  
Lung Cancer Detection

One of the most precarious diseases is lung cancer. Lung cancer detection is one of the main challenging dilemma nowadays. Most of the cancer cells are overlies with each other. It is tough to detect the cell but also important to identify the existence of cancer cells in the early stage unless unable to prevent. According to 2018 reports, 17 million new lung cancer cases are identified worldwide. The Computer Tomography can be used for diagnosis of cancer with image processing. In this research, we proposed two steps of process for diagnosing the presence of cancer either benign or malignant. In the first step, features are extracted by using GLCM. In the second step, the lung cancer cells are classified either benign or malignant by using Nearest Neighbour classifier. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach performance is 98.76% classification accuracy for diagnosing the lung cancer data.

Early Stage Fire Source Classification in Building using Artificial Intelligence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Andrew ◽  
A.Y.M. Shakaff ◽  
A. Zakaria ◽  
R. Gunasagaran ◽  
E. Kanagaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fire Source

Dynamic Simulation on Longitudinal Temperature Distribution of Tunnel Ceiling Based on Moving Fire Source

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 752-761
Author(s):  
Jun Deng ◽  
Shi Rong Li ◽  
Zheng Xin Yan
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Fire Source ◽  
Longitudinal Temperature

Several tunnel fires were caused by the fire source loaded in moving vehicle. The physical model was designed based on real road tunnel to simulate the distribution of longitudinal temperature. Through fire dynamic simulation software FDS, the fire processes when moving vehicle stabilized and traveled at 10m/s and 15m/s in tunnel were simulated under natural ventilation of 2.7m/s. The purpose of research includes three aspects, first, the temperature field in the early stage when moving fire travels into tunnel; second, influence of moving fire on the longitudinal temperature distribution; third, explores the change of temperature peak and its influential factors when vehicles stops and combustion stabilizes. Simulation indicates that the airflow filed movement induced by moving fire to certain degree blocks the spread of heat released in the direction opposite to fire movement and it also entrains high temperature airflow into its movement. When ventilation direction is accordant with vehicle moving direction, the stabilized value of highest temperature point of ceiling tends to be higher than that when the directions are opposite.

scholarly journals Identification of Paddy Leaf Diseases using Evolutionary and Machine Learning Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1672-1686
Author(s):  
Nilam Sachin Patil
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Cascaded Classifiers ◽  
Learning Techniques

In the field of agriculture, especially paddy plants, there is a demand for research to classify the paddy diseases at early stages. This is feasible if there are automated systems that can assist the farmers to recognize the paddy diseases from the paddy leaf images of the plants. The recognition of agricultural plant diseases by utilizing the image-processing and machine learning techniques can certainly minimize the reliance on the farmers to protect the yield of paddy crops. In this paper, an attempt has been made to pre-process the images to prepare the feature-set for Classifiers and then feature extraction algorithms are used to extract the relevant features from the processed images. The feature-set is then supplied to the classifiers for identification of Paddy Leaf diseases. The usage of cascaded classifiers has been explored to detect the diseases of paddy leaves. An attempt has also been made to use genetic algorithm with nearest neighbour algorithm to identify the diseases of paddy leaves. The proposed automated system can be used on Android , Windows platform and Apple platform for quickly identifying the paddy leaf diseases as the entire implementation has been performed using MATLAB. The proposed automated system can certainly help the farmers to classify the diseased paddy leaves at early stage to protect the crops from further damage.

Pseudoelasticity in Fe3Al Single Crystals under Cyclic Loading

2006 ◽  
Vol 512 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Y. Yasuda ◽  
Keisuke Yamaoka ◽  
Yukichi Umakoshi
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Cyclic Deformation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Strain Recovery ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Anti Phase Boundary

D03-ordered Fe3Al single crystals containing 23, 25 and 28at.%Al were cyclically deformed at [ 49 1 ] loading axis in tension-compression mode. Giant pseudoelasticity took place in Fe-23 and 25at.%Al single crystals at an early stage of cyclic deformation, while a slight strain recovery was observed in Fe-28at.%Al. In Fe-23 and 25at.%Al single crystals, superpartial dislocations with Burgers vector of 1/4[111] moved individually dragging the nearest neighbour anti-phase boundary (NNAPB). The NNAPB pulled back the superpartials during unloading, resulting in giant pseudoelasticity and low residual dislocation density. In contrast, a couplet of the superpartials was observed to bow out leaving two superpartials in Fe-28at.%Al. This means that the dislocation couplet dragged the next-nearest neighbour anti-phase boundary (NNNAPB). The surface tension of NNNAPB is lower than that of NNAPB resulting in a slight strain recovery in Fe-28at%Al. As cyclic deformation proceeded, residual dislocation density increased with an increase in the number of cycles even in Fe-23 and 25at.%Al. In particular, persistent slip bands (PSB) were formed in Fe-23at.%Al single crystals, though PSB is seldom observed in fatigued intermetallic compounds. To-and-fro motion of superpartials during loading and unloading was suppressed by dislocation bundles, resulting in a reduced shape recovery. However, large strain recovery occurred in Fe-25at.%Al single crystals at a strain amplitude of 1.0% even at 20cycles. It was also noted that Fe-23 and 25at.%Al demonstrated tension-compression asymmetry even at [ 49 1 ] orientation; the yield stress in compression was higher than that in tension. This implies that the core structure of <111> screw dislocation played an important role in the deformation behaviour of Fe3Al single crystals.

The structure of amorphous and polycrystalline materials using energy-filtered RDF analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1190-1191
Author(s):  
David Cockayne ◽  
David McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Density Function ◽  
Electron Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Polycrystalline Materials ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Reduced Density ◽  
System F

The technique of Electron Reduced Density Function (RDF) analysis has ben developed into a rapid analytical tool for the analysis of small volumes of amorphous or polycrystalline materials. The energy filtered electron diffraction pattern is collected to high scattering angles (currendy to s = 2 sinθ/λ = 6.5 Å-1) by scanning the selected area electron diffraction pattern across the entrance aperture to a GATAN parallel energy loss spectrometer. The diffraction pattern is then converted to a reduced density function, G(r), using mathematical procedures equivalent to those used in X-ray and neutron diffraction studies.Nearest neighbour distances accurate to 0.01 Å are obtained routinely, and bond distortions of molecules can be determined from the ratio of first to second nearest neighbour distances. The accuracy of coordination number determinations from polycrystalline monatomic materials (eg Pt) is high (5%). In amorphous systems (eg carbon, silicon) it is reasonable (10%), but in multi-element systems there are a number of problems to be overcome; to reduce the diffraction pattern to G(r), the approximation must be made that for all elements i,j in the system, fj(s) = Kji fi,(s) where Kji is independent of s.

Alterations in the number of motoneurons containing immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)& choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) in the cervical spinal cord of the wobbler mouse during the development of the motoneuron disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 970-971
Author(s):  
L. Vacca-Galloway ◽  
Y.Q. Zhang ◽  
P. Bose ◽  
S.H. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Wild Type Mouse ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Wobbler Mouse ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1

The Wobbler mouse (wr) has been studied as a model for inherited human motoneuron diseases (MNDs). Using behavioral tests for forelimb power, walking, climbing, and the “clasp-like reflex” response, the progress of the MND can be categorized into early (Stage 1, age 21 days) and late (Stage 4, age 3 months) stages. Age-and sex-matched normal phenotype littermates (NFR/wr) were used as controls (Stage 0), as well as mice from two related wild-type mouse strains: NFR/N and a C57BI/6N. Using behavioral tests, we also detected pre-symptomatic Wobblers at postnatal ages 7 and 14 days. The mice were anesthetized and perfusion-fixed for immunocytochemical (ICC) of CGRP and ChAT in the spinal cord (C3 to C5).Using computerized morphomety (Vidas, Zeiss), the numbers of IR-CGRP labelled motoneurons were significantly lower in 14 day old Wobbler specimens compared with the controls (Fig. 1). The same trend was observed at 21 days (Stage 1) and 3 months (Stage 4). The IR-CGRP-containing motoneurons in the Wobbler specimens declined progressively with age.

Automated high-resolution microscopy: the approaches so far

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
W. O. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Automatic Recording ◽  
Microprocessor Control ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Complete Automation ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy

Recent commercial microscopes with internal microprocessor control of all major functions have already demonstrated some of the benefits anticipated from such systems, such as continuous magnification, rotation-free diffraction and magnification, automatic recording of mutually registered focal series, and fewer control knobs. Complete automation of the focusing, stigmating and alignment of a high resolution microscope, allowing focal series to be recorded at preselected focus values as well, is still imminent rather than accomplished, however; some kind of image pick-up and analysis system, fed with the electron image via a TV camera, is clearly essential for this, but several alternative systems and algorithms are still being explored. This paper reviews the options critically in turn, and stresses the need to consider alignment and focusing at an early stage, and not merely as an optional extension to a basic proposal.

Direct observation of Fe-Al-Zn ternary intermetallic compound and its transformation during the early stage of hot-dip galvanizing

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1116-1117
Author(s):  
C. S. Lin ◽  
W. A. Chiou ◽  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Zinc Bath ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Solid Iron ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Ternary Intermetallic Compound

The galvannealed steel sheets have received ever increased attention because of their excellent post-painting corrosion resistance and good weldability. However, its powdering and flaking tendency during press forming processes strongly impairs its performance. In order to optimize the properties of galvanneal coatings, it is critical to control the reaction rate between solid iron and molten zinc.In commercial galvannealing line, aluminum is added to zinc bath to retard the diffusion rate between iron and zinc by the formation of a thin layer of Al intermetallic compound on the surface of steel at initial hot-dip galvanizing. However, the form of this compound and its transformation are still speculated. In this paper, we report the direct observations of this compound and its transformation.The specimens were prepared in a hot-dip simulator in which the steel was galvanized in the zinc bath containing 0.14 wt% of Al at a temperature of 480 °C for 5 seconds and was quenched by liquid nitrogen.

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