Cooperation between health and engineering fields in biomedical research areas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleyman Tasgetiren ◽  
Nurgul Ozmen Suzme ◽  
Nese Ozkan ◽  
A. Fatih Yuran
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Research Areas

Trust Me, I’m an Artist: Building Opportunities for Art and Science Collaboration through an Understanding of Ethics

Leonardo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dumitriu
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Science Collaboration

Ethical issues frequently arise in the production and exhibition of bioart, both as subject matter and as an issue in itself. This article explores how learning from the author’s experiences as lead project artist in the Creative Europe—funded Trust Me, I’m an Artist project, along with her work as a freelance artist, which is deeply embedded in laboratory settings around the world, can help build capacity and opportunities for artists and scientists to work together in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaborations to address the societal and cultural implications of emerging bioscientific and biomedical research areas, attitudes to patient care, and public engagement in contemporary scientific research.

scholarly journals Tackling Current Biomedical Challenges With Frontier Biofabrication and Organ-On-A-Chip Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehar Celikkin ◽  
Dario Presutti ◽  
Fabio Maiullari ◽  
Ersilia Fornetti ◽  
Tarun Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Organ On A Chip ◽  
Organ Models

In the last decades, biomedical research has significantly boomed in the academia and industrial sectors, and it is expected to continue to grow at a rapid pace in the future. An in-depth analysis of such growth is not trivial, given the intrinsic multidisciplinary nature of biomedical research. Nevertheless, technological advances are among the main factors which have enabled such progress. In this review, we discuss the contribution of two state-of-the-art technologies–namely biofabrication and organ-on-a-chip–in a selection of biomedical research areas. We start by providing an overview of these technologies and their capacities in fabricating advanced in vitro tissue/organ models. We then analyze their impact on addressing a range of current biomedical challenges. Ultimately, we speculate about their future developments by integrating these technologies with other cutting-edge research fields such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis.

scholarly journals Using and Interpreting Adjusted NNT Measures in Biomedical Research

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Ralf Bender
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Effect Measure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Absolute Effect ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Epidemiology And Public Health

The number needed to treat (NNT) is a popular effect measure to present study results in biomedical research. NNTs were originally proposed to describe the absolute effect of a new treatment compared with a standard treatment or placebo in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with binary outcome. The concept of the NNT measure has been applied to a number of other research areas involving the development of related measures and more sophisticated techniques to calculate and interpret NNT measures in biomedical research. In epidemiology and public health research an adequate adjustment for covariates is usually required leading to the application of adjusted NNT measures. An overview of the recent developments regarding adjustment of NNT measures is given. The use and interpretation of adjusted NNT measures is illustrated by means of examples from dentistry research.

Analytical review of the proceedings of the conference ”Multiphase Systems: Models, Experiment, Applications“

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
S.F. Urmancheev
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Multiphase Systems ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
Mechanics Of Multiphase Media ◽  
Multiphase Filtration

The presented analytical review includes a short description of the papers sent to the conference ”Multiphase Systems: Models, Experiments, Application“. The review consists of seven thematic sections corresponding to the research areas of the works presented by the authors. The list of sections traditionally present at conferences on multiphase systems has been supplemented with a section on ”Microhydrodynamics and Models of Biomedical Research“, which reflects one of the most rapidly developing areas of science and, at the same time, is closely related to the ideas and methods of mechanics of multiphase media. The works representing such new directions as gas hydrate and hydraulic fracturing research were included in the section ”Theory and practice of multiphase filtration“. The review considers more than sixty works in which the most striking results have been achieved, and most consistent with the spirit of the conference. However, we note that the total number of submitted papers exceeds one hundred and twenty.

scholarly journals An Inverse Thermogelling Bioink Based on an ABA Type Poly(2-Oxazoline) Amphiphile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Hahn ◽  
Emine Karakaya ◽  
Theresa Zorn ◽  
Benedikt Sochor ◽  
Matthias Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Triblock Copolymer ◽  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Aqueous Polymer ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Nih 3T3

Hydrogels are key components in several biomedical research areas such as biofabrication. Here, a novel ABA-type triblock copolymer is introduced that undergoes a inverse thermogelation, i.e. it forms a hydrogel about cooling aqueous polymer solutions. The macroporous hydrogel was rheologically investigate in detail and used for 3D printing using an extrusion based printer. Preliminary experiment show very good cytocompatibility of NIH 3T3 cells also after printing and the possibility to combine the novel material with other hydrogel forming materials such as alginate.<br>

scholarly journals NIH funding and the pursuit of edge science

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (22) ◽  
pp. 12011-12016
Author(s):  
Mikko Packalen ◽  
Jay Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Clinical Knowledge ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Nih Funding ◽  
Over Time

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) plays a critical role in funding scientific endeavors in biomedicine. Funding innovative science is an essential element of the NIH’s mission, but many have questioned the NIH’s ability to fulfill this aim. Based on an analysis of a comprehensive corpus of published biomedical research articles, we measure whether the NIH succeeds in funding work with novel ideas, which we term edge science. We find that edge science is more often NIH funded than less novel science, but with a delay. Papers that build on very recent ideas are NIH funded less often than are papers that build on ideas that have had a chance to mature for at least 7 y. We have three further findings. First, the tendency to fund edge science is mostly limited to basic science. Papers that build on novel clinical ideas are not more often NIH funded than are papers that build on well-established clinical knowledge. Second, novel papers tend to be NIH funded more often because there are more NIH-funded papers in innovative areas of investigation, rather than because the NIH funds innovative papers within research areas. Third, the NIH’s tendency to have funded papers that build on the most recent advances has declined over time. In this regard, NIH funding has become more conservative despite initiatives to increase funding for innovative projects. Given our focus on published papers, the results reflect both the funding preferences of the NIH and the composition of the applications it receives.

scholarly journals Gene Editing in Rabbits: Unique Opportunities for Translational Biomedical Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
Jifeng Zhang ◽  
Dongshan Yang ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Brooke Pallas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Transgenic Rabbits ◽  
Better Than

The rabbit is a classic animal model for biomedical research, but the production of gene targeted transgenic rabbits had been extremely challenging until the recent advent of gene editing tools. More than fifty gene knockout or knock-in rabbit models have been reported in the past decade. Gene edited (GE) rabbit models, compared to their counterpart mouse models, may offer unique opportunities in translational biomedical research attributed primarily to their relatively large size and long lifespan. More importantly, GE rabbit models have been found to mimic several disease pathologies better than their mouse counterparts particularly in fields focused on genetically inherited diseases, cardiovascular diseases, ocular diseases, and others. In this review we present selected examples of research areas where GE rabbit models are expected to make immediate contributions to the understanding of the pathophysiology of human disease, and support the development of novel therapeutics.

scholarly journals Bias in the reporting of sex and age in biomedical research on mouse models

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Flórez-Vargas ◽  
Andy Brass ◽  
George Karystianis ◽  
Michael Bramhall ◽  
Robert Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Female Bias

In animal-based biomedical research, both the sex and the age of the animals studied affect disease phenotypes by modifying their susceptibility, presentation and response to treatment. The accurate reporting of experimental methods and materials, including the sex and age of animals, is essential so that other researchers can build on the results of such studies. Here we use text mining to study 15,311 research papers in which mice were the focus of the study. We find that the percentage of papers reporting the sex and age of mice has increased over the past two decades: however, only about 50% of the papers published in 2014 reported these two variables. We also compared the quality of reporting in six preclinical research areas and found evidence for different levels of sex-bias in these areas: the strongest male-bias was observed in cardiovascular disease models and the strongest female-bias was found in infectious disease models. These results demonstrate the ability of text mining to contribute to the ongoing debate about the reproducibility of research, and confirm the need to continue efforts to improve the reporting of experimental methods and materials.

scholarly journals Visualization of Biomedical Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán I. O'Donoghue ◽  
Benedetta Frida Baldi ◽  
Susan J. Clark ◽  
Aaron E. Darling ◽  
James M. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
High Data ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Complex Phenomena

The rapid increase in volume and complexity of biomedical data requires changes in research, communication, and clinical practices. This includes learning how to effectively integrate automated analysis with high–data density visualizations that clearly express complex phenomena. In this review, we summarize key principles and resources from data visualization research that help address this difficult challenge. We then survey how visualization is being used in a selection of emerging biomedical research areas, including three-dimensional genomics, single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), the protein structure universe, phosphoproteomics, augmented reality–assisted surgery, and metagenomics. While specific research areas need highly tailored visualizations, there are common challenges that can be addressed with general methods and strategies. Also common, however, are poor visualization practices. We outline ongoing initiatives aimed at improving visualization practices in biomedical research via better tools, peer-to-peer learning, and interdisciplinary collaboration with computer scientists, science communicators, and graphic designers. These changes are revolutionizing how we see and think about our data.

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