scholarly journals Gridless Multidimensional Angle of Arrival Estimation for Arbitrary 3D Antenna Arrays

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Matilde Sanchez-Fernandez ◽  
Vahid Jamali ◽  
Jaime Llorca ◽  
Antonia Tulino
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Angle Of Arrival

scholarly journals Full snapshot reconstruction in hybrid architecture antenna arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Trigka ◽  
Christos Mavrokefalidis ◽  
Kostas Berberidis
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Music Algorithm ◽  
Array Structures ◽  
Signal Sources

AbstractIn the context of this research work, we study the so-called problem of full snapshot reconstruction in hybrid antenna array structures that are utilized in mmWave communication systems. It enables the recovery of the snapshots that would have been obtained if a conventional (non-hybrid) uniform linear antenna array was employed. The problem is considered at the receiver side where the hybrid architecture exploits in a novel way the antenna elements of a uniform linear array. To this end, the recommended scheme is properly designed so as to be applicable to overlapping and non-overlapping architectures. Moreover, the full snapshot recoverability is addressed for two cases, namely for time-varying and constant signal sources. Simulation results are also presented to illustrate the consistency between the theoretically predicted behaviors and the simulated results, and the performance of the proposed scheme in terms angle-of-arrival estimation, when compared to the conventional MUSIC algorithm and a recently proposed hybrid version of MUSIC (H-MUSIC).

scholarly journals AOA-Based Three-Dimensional Multi-Target Localization in Industrial WSNs for LOS Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Zhang ◽  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Xiaojiang Du ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mohsen Guizani
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Localization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Transmission Scheme ◽  
Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Estimation Errors

High-precision and fast relative positioning of a large number of mobile sensor nodes (MSNs) is crucial for smart industrial wireless sensor networks (SIWSNs). However, positioning multiple targets simultaneously in three-dimensional (3D) space has been less explored. In this paper, we propose a new approach, called Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) based Three-dimensional Multi-target Localization (ATML). The approach utilizes two anchor nodes (ANs) with antenna arrays to receive the spread spectrum signals broadcast by MSNs. We design a multi-target single-input-multiple-output (MT-SIMO) signal transmission scheme and a simple iterative maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to estimate the 2D AOAs of multiple MSNs simultaneously. We further adopt the skew line theorem of 3D geometry to mitigate the AOA estimation errors in determining locations. We have conducted extensive simulations and also developed a testbed of the proposed ATML. The numerical and field experiment results have verified that the proposed ATML can locate multiple MSNs simultaneously with high accuracy and efficiency by exploiting the spread spectrum gain and antenna array gain. The ATML scheme does not require extra hardware or synchronization among nodes, and has good capability in mitigating interference and multipath effect in complicated industrial environments.

Analysis of the Realistic Resolution with Angle of Arrival for Indoor Positioning

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Nieuwenhuyse ◽  
L. De Strycker ◽  
N. Stevens ◽  
J.-P. Goemaere ◽  
B. Nauwelaers
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Quadrature Demodulation ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Array Architecture

The increasing importance of localizing objects in indoor environments is the motivation for much research on localization algorithms. This paper focuses on the maximum achievable resolution for Angle of Arrival as a means to position objects inside rooms using equipment within the field of wireless sensor networks, thus dealing with restricted resources. A clear view on beamforming using antenna arrays is represented and is proven to be useful in Angle of Arrival measurements. A detailed overview of a dedicated algorithm, leads the authors to draw conclusions concerning the resolution. A reference value is defined, which allows the authors to calculate the realistic resolution for all room dimensions. In order to verify these theoretical outcomes with practical results, the development of a quadrature demodulation based antenna array architecture, operating at 2.4 GHz, is presented. The latter is based on a study of different phase shifting technologies.

scholarly journals Single-element based ultra-wideband antenna array concepts for wireless high-precision 2-D local positioning

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gardill ◽  
G. Fischer ◽  
R. Weigel ◽  
A. Koelpin
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Wideband Antenna ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
5 Ghz

Abstract. We generally categorize the approaches for ultra-wideband antenna array design, and consequently propose simplified concepts for antenna arrays for a high-precision, ultra-wideband FMCW radar 2-D local positioning system to obtain robustness against multi path interference, perform angle of arrival analysis, as well as instantaneous heading estimation. We focus on low-cost and mechanical robust, industrial-application ready antennas. The antenna arrays are optimized for operation in the 5 GHz to 8 GHz frequency range and are designed towards supporting full omnidirectional 360° as well as partial half-plane direction of arrival estimation. Two different concepts for vehicle- as well as wall-mounted antenna array systems are proposed and discussed. We propose a wideband unidirectional bow-tie antenna array element having 97% impedance and 37% pattern bandwidth and a robust vehicle mounted omnidirectional antenna element having more than 85% impedance and pattern bandwidth.

scholarly journals Aircraft position estimation using angle of arrival of received radar signals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2380-2387
Author(s):  
Freeha Majeed Amjad ◽  
Ahmad Zuri Sha'ameri ◽  
Kamaludin Mohamad Yusof ◽  
Paulson Eberechukwu
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Multiple Signal Classification ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Bearing Number

With increasing demand of air traffic, there is a need to optimize the use of available airspace. Effective utilization of airspace relies on quality of aircraft surveillance. Active research is carried out for enhancements in surveillance techniques and various methods are evaluated for future use. This paper evaluates the use of multiple signal classification (MUSIC) based angle of arrival (AOA) estimation along with multiangulation for locating aircrafts from their electromagnetic wave emission. The performance evaluation of the system is presented by evaluating the AOA estimation errors and position estimation (PE) errors. The errors are evaluated by comparing the estimated value to the actual value. An analysis on the system parameters, AOA error and PE error are presented in the end. AOA errors are affected by the AOA value (emitter bearing), number of array elements, SNR and resolution of AOA estimation algorithm. Errors in AOA estimation lead to PE errors. The simulation results show small errors for short ranges. The system performance can be improved at the expense of computational time by using higher MUSIC resolution and larger antenna arrays

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Empirical AoA Localization Technique for Indoor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Alma’aitah ◽  
Baha’ Alsaify ◽  
Raed Bani-Hani
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Localization Accuracy

Small and pervasive devices have been increasingly used to identify and track objects automatically. Consequently, several low-cost localization schemes have been proposed in the literature based on angle of arrival (AoA), time difference of arrival (TDoA), received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or their combinations. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional empirical AoA localization (TDEAL) technique for battery-powered devices. The proposed technique processes the AoA measurements at fixed reader nodes to estimate the locations of the tags. The proposed technique provides localization accuracy that mitigates non-linear empirical errors in AoA measurements. We utilize two omni-directional antenna arrays at each fixed reader node to estimate the location vector. With multiple location estimations from different fixed reader nodes, each estimated location is assigned a weight that is inversely proportional to the AoA phase-difference error. Furthermore, the actual AoA parabolic formula of the location is approximated to a cone to simplify the location calculation process. The proposed localization technique has a low hardware cost, low computational requirements, and precise location estimates. Based on the performance evaluation, significant location accuracy is achieved by TDEAL; where, for instance, an average error margin of less than 13 cm is achieved using 10 readers in an area of   10   m ×   10   m . TDEAL can be utilized to provide reference points when integrated with a relative (e.g., inertial navigation systems) localization systems.

Angle-of-arrival localization based on antenna arrays for wireless sensor networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kułakowski ◽  
Javier Vales-Alonso ◽  
Esteban Egea-López ◽  
Wiesław Ludwin ◽  
Joan García-Haro
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Angle Of Arrival

scholarly journals Accuracy Bounds for Array-Based Positioning in Dense Multipath Channels

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wilding ◽  
Stefan Grebien ◽  
Ulrich Mühlmann ◽  
Klaus Witrisal
Keyword(s):  
Error Bound ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Position Error ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Multipath Interference ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Performance Loss

The accuracy of radio-based positioning systems will be limited by multipath interference in realistic application scenarios. This paper derives closed-form expressions for the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) on the achievable time-of-arrival (ToA) and angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation-error variances, considering the presence of multipath radio channels, and extends these results to position estimation. The derivations are based on channel models comprising deterministic, specular multipath components as well as stochastic, diffuse/dense multipath. The derived CRLBs thus allow an evaluation of the influence of channel parameters, the geometric configuration of the environment, and system parameters such as signal bandwidth and array geometry. Our results quantify how the ToA and AoA accuracies decrease when the signal bandwidth is reduced, because more multipath will then interfere with the useful LoS component. Antenna arrays can (partly) compensate this performance loss, exploiting diversity among the multipath interference. For example, the AoA accuracy with a 16-element linear array at 1 MHz bandwidth is similar to a two-element array at 1 GHz , in the magnitude order of one degree. The ToA accuracy, on the other hand, still scales by a factor of 100 from the cm-regime to the m-regime because of the dominating influence of the signal bandwidth. The position error bound shows the relationship between the range and angle information under realistic indoor channel conditions and their different scaling behaviors as a function of the anchor–agent placement. Specular multipath components have a maximum detrimental influence near the walls. It is shown for an L-shaped room that a fairly even distribution of the position error bound can be achieved throughout the environment, using two anchors equipped with 2 × 2 -array antennas. The accuracy limit due to multipath increases from the 1–10-cm-range at 1 GHz bandwidth to the 0.5–1-m-range at 100 MHz .

scholarly journals Hybrid Precoding/Combining for single-user and Multi-Usersin mm-Wave MIMO systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Matching Pursuit ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Multiuser Mimo ◽  
Parallel Transmission ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Hybrid Precoding ◽  
Single User

mm-Wave is one of the potential 5G technology predominant at high frequency. The antenna arrays allows parallel transmission to the multiple users. Due to the constraints in hardware in mm-Wave systems,it is difficult to implement conventional multiuser MIMO precoding techniques at mm-Wave. In this paper initially Hybrid mm-Wave MIMO capacity is compared with conventional MIMOperformance, the simulation results demonstrates that the performance loss is due to assumption of the quantized angle of arrival and departures in dictionary which is very small using OMP algorithm and the capacity approaches the conventional MIMO performance. Then the Hybrid Precoding(HP)at mm-Wave is formulated as a sparse optimization problem in which the hybrid MIMO precoders and combiners are used as the measurement matrices.Here transmit precoding and combining at the receiver is considered with a limited feedback as knowledge of channel may not be practically available.Orthogonal matching Pursuit(OMP) algorithm is used for single-user case and alsoin Multi-user case using simultaneous Orthogonal matching pursuit(SOMP) algorithm. In single user case numerical results are presented which shows that the proposed algorithm approach is closer to their unconstraint performance even after considering hardware constraints. Multi-user precoding results illustrates that the proposed HP method offers higher Spectral efficiency (SE) compared to analog –only beamforming (AB) and is close tothe performance bench mark of optimal digital beamformer

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