Design and implementation of a long-range low-power wake-up radio for IoT devices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Froytlog ◽  
Magne Arild Haglund ◽  
Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi ◽  
Thomas Jordbru ◽  
Rolf Arne Kjellby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Iot Devices

scholarly journals The Art of Designing Remote IoT Devices—Technologies and Strategies for a Long Battery Life

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Gilles Callebaut ◽  
Guus Leenders ◽  
Jarne Van Mulders ◽  
Geoffrey Ottoy ◽  
Lieven De Strycker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Networking Technologies ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
Iot Devices

Long-range wireless connectivity technologies for sensors and actuators open the door for a variety of new Internet of Things (IoT) applications. These technologies can be deployed to establish new monitoring capabilities and enhance efficiency of services in a rich diversity of domains. Low energy consumption is essential to enable battery-powered IoT nodes with a long autonomy. This paper explains the challenges posed by combining low-power and long-range connectivity. An energy breakdown demonstrates the dominance of transmit and sleep energy. The principles for achieving both low-power and wide-area are outlined, and the landscape of available networking technologies that are suited to connect remote IoT nodes is sketched. The typical anatomy of such a node is presented, and the subsystems are zoomed into. The art of designing remote IoT devices requires an application-oriented approach, where a meticulous design and smart operation are essential to grant a long battery life. In particular we demonstrate the importance of strategies such as “think before you talk” and “race to sleep”. As maintenance of IoT nodes is often cumbersome due to being deployed at hard to reach places, extending the battery life of these devices is critical. Moreover, the environmental impact of batteries further demonstrates the need for a longer battery life in order to reduce the number of batteries used.

scholarly journals LoPT : LoRa Penetration Testing Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 374-379
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Testing Tool ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Long Range Communication ◽  
Security Enhancements

The advent of Wireless technologies and IOT are currently ruling the modern world. Everything is going to become Things in future. As the technology progresses , the security of those technologies must also progress with an steady rate. Security tools which will help us to analyze these advanced security enhancements and protocols implemented. In this study , we are going to implement new security tool which concentrates on penetration testing of one such IOT protocol. This tool concentrates on the protocol named LoRa used for wireless long range communication in IOT. The proposed tool will explore all the possible attacks on LoRa protocol which we will see about in detail in the upcoming sections. LoPT is a new penetration testing tool which will work on LoRa (Long Range),a wireless standard used for long range low power communication on IOT devices primarily. This newly bloomed flower performs an effective domination on the field of IOT. Currently there is no existing penetration testing tool for LoRa. Though LoRa has its inbuilt security , there are major vulnerabilities which can be explored . This tool is built primarily on the concept of There’s no such thing as 100

scholarly journals Monitoring Illegal Tree Cutting through Ultra-Low-Power Smart IoT Devices

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7593
Author(s):  
Alessandro Andreadis ◽  
Giovanni Giambene ◽  
Riccardo Zambon
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Computing Technique ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Energy Footprint ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Tree Cutting

Forests play a fundamental role in preserving the environment and fighting global warming. Unfortunately, they are continuously reduced by human interventions such as deforestation, fires, etc. This paper proposes and evaluates a framework for automatically detecting illegal tree-cutting activity in forests through audio event classification. We envisage ultra-low-power tiny devices, embedding edge-computing microcontrollers and long-range wireless communication to cover vast areas in the forest. To reduce the energy footprint and resource consumption for effective and pervasive detection of illegal tree cutting, an efficient and accurate audio classification solution based on convolutional neural networks is proposed, designed specifically for resource-constrained wireless edge devices. With respect to previous works, the proposed system allows for recognizing a wider range of threats related to deforestation through a distributed and pervasive edge-computing technique. Different pre-processing techniques have been evaluated, focusing on a trade-off between classification accuracy with respect to computational resources, memory, and energy footprint. Furthermore, experimental long-range communication tests have been conducted in real environments. Data obtained from the experimental results show that the proposed solution can detect and notify tree-cutting events for efficient and cost-effective forest monitoring through smart IoT, with an accuracy of 85%.

scholarly journals Rural Healthcare IoT Architecture Based on Low-Energy LoRa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7660
Author(s):  
Ace Dimitrievski ◽  
Sonja Filiposka ◽  
Francisco José Melero ◽  
Eftim Zdravevski ◽  
Petre Lameski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Doctor Patient Communication ◽  
Connected Health ◽  
Iot Devices

Connected health is expected to introduce an improvement in providing healthcare and doctor-patient communication while at the same time reducing cost. Connected health would introduce an even more significant gap between healthcare quality for urban areas with physical proximity and better communication to providers and the portion of rural areas with numerous connectivity issues. We identify these challenges using user scenarios and propose LoRa based architecture for addressing these challenges. We focus on the energy management of battery-powered, affordable IoT devices for long-term operation, providing important information about the care receivers’ well-being. Using an external ultra-low-power timer, we extended the battery life in the order of tens of times, compared to relying on low power modes of the microcontroller.

scholarly journals Reliability Improvement of LoRa with ARQ and Relay Node

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocksan Choi ◽  
SeungGwan Lee ◽  
Sungwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Forward Rate ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Automatic Repeat Request ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Iot Devices

In our modern world, many Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are being researched and developed. IoT devices are currently being used in many fields. IoT devices use Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, however, communication distance is short and battery consumption is high. In areas such as smart cities and smart farms, IoT technology is needed to support a wide coverage with low power consumption. Low Power Wide Area (LPWA), which is a transmission used in IoT supporting a wide area with low power consumption, has evolved. LPWA includes Long Range (LoRa), Narrowband (NB-IoT), and Sigfox. LoRa offers many benefits as it communicates the longest distances, is cheap and consumes less battery. LoRa is used in many countries and covers a range of hundreds of square kilometers (km2) with a single gateway. However, if there are many obstacles to smart cities and smart farms, it causes communication problems. This paper proposes two (2) solutions to this problem: the relay method which is a multi-hop method and the Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) system that detects packet loss in real-time and requests retransmission for LoRa. In this study, the actual performance of LoRa in the problematic environment was measured and the proposed method was applied. It was confirmed that the transmission rate of LoRa dropped when there were many obstacles such as trees. To use LoRa in a smart farm with a lot of space, multi-hop was observed to be better. An ARQ system is needed to compensate for the unexpected drop in the forward rate due to the increase in IoT devices. This research focused on reliability, however, additional network methods and automatic repeat request (ARQ) systems considering battery time should be researched in symmetry. This study covers the interdisciplinary field of computer science and wireless low power communication engineering. We have analyzed the LoRa/LoRaWAN technology in an experimental approach, which has been somewhat less studied than cellular network or WiFi technology. In addition, we presented and improved the performance evaluation results in consideration of various local and climatic environments.

An Ultra-Low-Power Long Range Battery/Passive RFID Tag for UHF and Microwave Bands With a Current Consumption of 700 nA at 1.5 V

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Pillai ◽  
Harley Heinrich ◽  
David Dieska ◽  
Pavel V. Nikitin ◽  
Rene Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Passive Rfid ◽  
A Current
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