The open black box: the role of the end-user in GIS integration

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Poore
Keyword(s):  
Black Box ◽  
End User ◽  
Gis Integration

Pengujian Sistem Informasi Inventory Pada Perusahaan Distributor Farmasi Menggunakan Metode Black Box Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Lila Setiyani
Keyword(s):  
Black Box ◽  
End User ◽  
Purchase Order ◽  
Black Box Testing ◽  
Unified Process

Pengelolaan dan pengontrolan produk sangat dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang distribusi farmasi, karena perusahaan distribusi farmasi membutuhkan perencanaan dan pengendalian persediaan dalam hal ini produk farmasi terkait dengan tanggal expired dan batch. Pada tahap analisis kebutuhan sistem terdapat beberapa prosedur yang terkait dengan inventory perusahaan distributor produk farmasi diantaranya adalah pengelolaan qoutation, sales order purchase order, penerimaan barang, retur barang, surat jalan, invoice, pembayaran, barang rusak dan pemusnahan barang. Sistem inventory untuk perusahaan distributor produk farmasi telah berhasil dibangun menggunakan metode Agile Unified Process dengan empat tahapan yaitu inception, elaboration, construction, dan transition. Pada tahapan transition dilakukan pengujian sistem inventory dengan menggunakan metode black box testing. Pengujian menggunakan black box testing ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui error yang terjadi ketika sistem digunakan oleh end user dengan pengujian data normal dan data tidak normal

Consumption and its Externalities: Where Economy Meets Ecology

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Princen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Consumer Sovereignty ◽  
Marginal Improvement

If social scientists are going to make a contribution to environmental policy-making that is commensurate with the severity of biophysical trends, they must develop analytic tools that go beyond marginal improvement and a production focus where key actors escape responsibility via distanced commerce and the black box of consumer sovereignty. One means is to construct an ecologically informed “consumption angle” on economic activity. The first approach is to retain the prevailing supply-demand dichotomy and address the externalities of consumption and the role of power in consuming. The second approach is to construe all economic activity as “consuming,” as “using up.” This approach construes material provisioning in the context of hunter/gathering, cultivation, and manufacture and then develops three interpretive layers of excess consumption: background consumption, overconsumption, and misconsumption. An example from timbering illustrates how, by going up and down the decision chain, the consumption angle generates questions about what is consumed and what is put at risk. Explicit assignment of responsibility for excess throughput becomes more likely.

Modulation of cardiovascular control mechanisms and their interaction

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Specific Control ◽  
Central Level ◽  
Shed Light

It is generally held that the role of a specific control element can only be understood within its physiological environment. The reviewed studies make it clear that there is a potent interplay between locally produced substances such as adenosine, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and various others all interacting with the central level of control. This can occur at central sites (e.g., nitric oxide in the brain) or in the periphery (e.g., neural influence on autoregulation). The interactions are more or less pronounced during specific physiological challenges. Furthermore, several of these interactions are altered under pathological circumstances, and in some cases, the interactions seem to maintain or even augment the severity of disease. When more than three parameters participate in an interaction, the resulting regulation may become extremely complex. If these parameters are nonlinearly coupled with each other, the only way to shed light onto the nature of control network is by treating it as a black box. With the use of spectral analysis or nonlinear methods, it is possible to disentangle the fundamental nature of the system in terms of the complexity and stability. Therefore, modern developments in cardiovascular physiology utilizing these techniques, some of which are derived from the "chaos theory," are reviewed.

scholarly journals Lack of Change Information and End User Grumbling: Mediating Role of Fear of Unknown and Moderating Role of Emotional Regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rida Bangash ◽  
Kausar Fiaz Khawaja ◽  
Sumayya Chughtai
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
End User ◽  
User Resistance ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

User resistance is a complex phenomenon and is considered a major constraint towards the successful implementation and usage of information technology. Hence, in order to investigate the factors that may lead to user resistance; the current study proposes and investigates the mediating role of fear of unknown between lack of change information and end-user grumbling, and the moderating role of emotional regulation between the relationship. Emotional self-regulation theory has been used as an overarching theory that explains the research model proposed and tested in the study. Using a Quantitative approach, the survey was conducted and data was collected from 334 users of FBR systems. With the help of SPSS and MACRO PROCESS, statistical tests were conducted and links were tested. Results revealed that all hypotheses were accepted. Along with these discussions, research implications and recommendations are also provided.

scholarly journals Work Process of Bring Your Own Device to Support Green Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Mohd Yusri Jusoh ◽  
Haryani Haron ◽  
Jasber Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Green Computing ◽  
Bring Your Own Device ◽  
End User ◽  
Work Process ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Portfolio Development ◽  
Role Of It

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is a new approach to optimize the use of Information Technology (IT) devices to carry out their work task. The study of BYOD is focused on work activities that perform by IT worker using IT device in public sector. Work activities can provide important insights into IT device portfolio development, end-user segmentation process and the role of IT workers in public sector. The propose of this study is to explore work process of bringing your own devices to support green computing. A conceptual framework of BYOD work process in public sector through integration of IT devices and end-user segmentation to support green computing was developed based on systematic literature review to highlight the implementation of BYOD. This framework considers that work activities based on IT worker, IT device portfolio and end-user segmentation are the main key for public sector to support green computing. This framework is an initial research for researchers and practitioners to further examine BYOD practices in public sector. In addition, to highlight an important gap, this paper explains how different work activities using different IT device influence the IT worker to select the suitable IT device for BYOD that support green computing.

scholarly journals AgFact: Linking farmers with facts

1997 ◽  
pp. 145-147
Author(s):  
G.I. Ogle ◽  
A.L. Craigie ◽  
M.J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Need ◽  
End User ◽  
Information Base ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Distribution Chain

The AgLINK bulletin series dominated all agricultural and horticultural information publications from the late 1960s to the late 1980s, when it was discontinued. The collapse of such a high profile series raises questions about the viability of such a mechanism for linking farmers with facts. This failure highlights three key issues: the need to define and allocate the costs based on who benefits; the appropriate positioning of parties within the distribution chain; and a quality specification to which bulletins must adhere. We consider that AgFACT, the AgResearch pastoral agriculture information base which superseded AgLINK in 1997, should largely be cost neutral to science groups in AgResearch. However, the resources for providing information need to be met by science programmes, a cost which is outweighed by the opportunity to communicate with science stakeholders. The costs of distribution and retail need to fall with the other parties who benefit from the dissemination of this information - the retailer and the end user. We also consider that the role of AgResearch is in manufacture rather than sales to the public, which is best done by the agricultural service sector. AgFACT must maintain tight specifications, to ensure that it is relevant to farmers and other users, accurate and unbiased, and up to date. The penalty for not doing so is a loss of value and, moreover, a risk of it becoming a public liability. Keywords: AgFACT, AgLINK, agricultural information, information base, technology transfer

scholarly journals The Role of Textualisation and Argumentation in Understanding the Machine Learning Process

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kacper Sokol ◽  
Peter Flach
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Black Box ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Box Models ◽  
Machine Learning Applications ◽  
Black Box Models ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Understanding data, models and predictions is important for machine learning applications. Due to the limitations of our spatial perception and intuition, analysing high-dimensional data is inherently difficult. Furthermore, black-box models achieving high predictive accuracy are widely used, yet the logic behind their predictions is often opaque. Use of textualisation -- a natural language narrative of selected phenomena -- can tackle these shortcomings. When extended with argumentation theory we could envisage machine learning models and predictions arguing persuasively for their choices.

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