scholarly journals Balancing nutrients in a toxic environment: the challenge of eating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Daniel G. Vassão ◽  
Bettina Raguschke ◽  
Michael J. Furlong ◽  
Myron P. Zalucki
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Environment

Non-Toxic Environment for Ferritic Nitrocarburising Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2416-2419
Author(s):  
Mihai Branzei ◽  
Mihai Ovidiu Cojocaru ◽  
Leontin Nicolae Druga ◽  
Florica Tudose ◽  
Roxana Trusca
Keyword(s):  
Surface Reaction ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Toxic Reaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Thermochemical Processing ◽  
Surface Saturation ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Toxic Components

Experimental research aimed to find a solution for replacing components with high toxicity (or generating such components as a result of reactions occurring in the environment at processing temperatures) from the environments used for ferritic nitrocarburising process (FNCP) with non-hazardous components, but extremely active during the process. In the temperature range in which this type of processing is applied (lower than the eutectoid transformation temperature in the Fe-N phase diagram), the most commonly used media are liquid or gaseous; liquid ones contain toxic components (sodium or potassium cyanates/cyanides), and gaseous ones require complex equipments. Packing is extremely rarely used, but in this case pack-mix contain toxic components (15 � 20 wt.% sodium or potassium ferrocyanide). Urea also called carbamide (CO (NH2)2) is the active component in the pack-mixing proposed to be used for FNCP. Carbamide is used in low temperature cyanidation thermochemical heat treatment (liquid FNC), together with sodium or potassium carbonates, resulting in very toxic reaction products (sodium or potassium cyanates). Compared to cyanidation, in the version proposed in the paper, the carbamide does not react with carbonates because they are not found in the composition of the environment but decomposes in the presence or absence of oxygen (by a disproportionation reaction) with the formation of some gas molecules interesting for the process. It has been concluded that the use of carbamide together with two other components, activated charcoal (having a triple role - dispersing, storage, surface saturation) and respectively ammonium chloride as surface reaction activator, is an effective solution for achieving the desired goals by applying this type of thermochemical processing to a wide range of products made of quality steels up to alloy miscellaneous steels.

scholarly journals Safety Assistance Visual Surveillance Robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-756
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Visual Surveillance ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Echo Time

There is a need for safety assistance visual surveillance that can be effectively used to navigate hazardous places which cannot be accessed by human beings. Several high-risk conditions like radioactive zone, toxic environment and accident-prone areas are usually approached/tackled by humans with little to no information about their conditions. Hence our aim is to reduce any human interaction with these unsafe circumstances by proposing a visual surveillance robot that is capable of moving in any terrain and can relay live information to the controller situated at a remote location. In this paper we address the implementation of Visual Surveillance bot by using a Camera that rotates at 360 degree with the help of DC motor, which illustrate the surrounding so as to provide the estimation of danger if any. We present the execution by efficiently live streaming information with the help of Raspberry pi and by using the MATLAB software to create a RADAR plot by analyzing the object detected by Ultrasonic sensor. The usage of MATLAB not only simplifies the analysis but also helps in creating an enhanced RADAR system by using an ARDUINO to support the ultrasonic system in recording the echo time and object detection angle.

scholarly journals Preconditioning by Hydrogen Peroxide Enhances Multiple Properties of HumanDecidua BasalisMesenchymal Stem/Multipotent Stromal Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Khatlani ◽  
D. Algudiri ◽  
R. Alenzi ◽  
A. M. Al Subayyil ◽  
F. M. Abomaray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Decidua Basalis ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Hostile Environments

Stem cell-based therapies rely on stem cell ability to repair in an oxidative stress environment. Preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a stress environment has beneficial effects on their ability to repair injured tissues. We previously reported that MSCs from thedecidua basalis(DBMSCs) of human placenta have many important cellular functions that make them potentially useful for cell-based therapies. Here, we studied the effect of DBMSC preconditioning to a stress environment. DBMSCs were exposed to various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and their functions were then assessed. DBMSC expression of immune molecules after preconditioning was also determined. DBMSC preconditioning with H2O2enhanced their proliferation, colonogenicity, adhesion, and migration. In addition, DBMSCs regardless of H2O2treatment displayed antiangiogenic activity. H2O2preconditioning also increased DBMSC expression of genes that promote cellular functions and decreased the expression of genes, which have opposite effect on their functions. Preconditioning also reduced DBMSC expression of IL-1β, but had no effects on the expression of other immune molecules that promote proliferation, adhesion, and migration. These data show that DBMSCs resist a toxic environment, which adds to their potential as a candidate stem cell type for treating various diseases in hostile environments.

Family Secrets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Dousteyssier-Khoze
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Family Rituals ◽  
Trompe L'oeil ◽  
Family Secrets ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Key Issues

The (bourgeois) family becomes the focus of intense investigation and dislocation in Chabrol’s films and this chapter examines its subversive representation through the following key issues: incest, the couple, family rituals and the role of the patriarch. The use of ellipsis, symmetry and doubles, Magrittian trompe-l’œil, expressionistic mise-en-scène and theatricality are some of the techniques used by Chabrol to highlight the fact that the family is a mask, a well-rehearsed performance hiding dark impulses and mental disorders. As demonstrated through La Fleur du mal, Au cœur du mensonge, Poulet au vinaigre and Inspecteur Lavardin, the Chabrolean family is a highly toxic environment in which incest, dark secrets and murder swarm, thereby providing ideal ground to observe and dissect human pathologies and invite the viewer to ask questions about representation and ‘reality’ and the blurry relationship between appearances, ‘truth’ and lies.

Cell-Based Drug-Screening Method Using Total Internal Reflection Microscopy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongku Lee ◽  
Sangmo Koo ◽  
Jung Yul Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Screening ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Counting Process ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Total Internal Reflection Microscopy ◽  
A Cell

We propose a cell-based method, which analyzes the adhesion of living cell and its substratum, as an alternative to animal experiment with regard to pharmacy industry. This is because cell viability has been well adopted to determine whether the environment of the cell is proper for its growth and development, which can be quantified by measuring the cell-to-substratum adhesion. However, conventionally measuring the adhesion is known as a very troublesome and time-consuming task which involves several times of manually washing-and-counting process. Therefore, in the proposed method, for the purpose of analyzing the cell-adhesion more conveniently and quantitatively, we adopted a total internal reflection microscopy (TIRFM) which can illuminate the cell contact within the adhesion region specifically and detect its fluorescence not being interrupted by other fluorescence from the cell body far from the substrate. Thus, we obtained time-series TIRFM images which showed that cell contacts were developing or decaying under various conditions; normal to toxic environment, which can represent various density conditions of drug candidate in screening for determining the most appropriate drug composition. Moreover, the present method can be used for commercializing cell-based microchip in drug screening industry — the money cow.

scholarly journals The Influence of Temperature on Metabolisms of Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms in Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Presence of Cu(II) Toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chiang Chou ◽  
Chih-Chi Yang ◽  
Meng-Shan Lu ◽  
Li-Yuan Hu ◽  
Ku-Fan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The purpose of this study was to study how temperature variation affects the tolerance of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in a toxic environment. To exclude the interference of glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs), shock loading experiments were conducted to study the effect of Cu(II) toxicity on the metabolisms of PAOs in 10, 20, and 30 °C conditions. The experimental data showed that the temperature effects on aerobic phosphorus uptake, PHA degradation, and glycogen synthesis were remarkable in the presence of Cu(II). Nevertheless, insignificant effects on anaerobic phosphorus release and PHA synthesis were found. The largest inhibition of PAO metabolism occurred in the low temperature case (10 °C). This study also experimentally demonstrated the loss of PAO metabolic ability in the subsequent aerobic stage, after the anaerobic stage. The presence of Cu(II) toxicity mainly resulted from the inhibition of biochemical reactions in the aerobic stage, and it was irrelevant to the inhibition of previous anaerobic metabolisms.

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