Retinal vascular function in asymptomatic individuals with a positive family history of cardiovascular disease

Abstract: Introduction: Globally it is documented that CVD has multi-factorial aetiology and many factors like increased BMI, hypertension (HTN), stress and diabetes determine the risk of CVD. The prevalence of risk factors for cardio vascular disease (CVD) is on increase in the developing nations of the world. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to find out the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among employees of Sindh Government in Karachi, Pakistan.Method: It was hospital based cross sectional study. A total of 150 subjects (govt employees of Sindh Government) were interviewed by using consecutive sampling technique. Data on serum cholesterol, BMI, blood pressure, history of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases was collected, in addition to demographic data. Results: Out of 150 subjects interviewed, 20.6% reported to have CVD. The most prevalent risk factor was hypertension, found in 58% respondents. Other risk factors were diabetes (45%), sedentary life style (50%), obesity (28%), dyslipidaemia (30%), smoking (20%), positive family history (26%). In 6% of subjects, three major risk factors were present. The risk factors, strongly associated with CVD in our study were diabetes (p<0.01), hypertension (p<0.001) and family history of CVD (p<0.02). There is strong association of increasing age on risk of developing CVD (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The results show that there is high frequency of CVD risk factors in employees of health department in Karachi. The high prevalence of risk factors, especially hypertension, sedentary life style, obesity and diabetes should be of great concern.

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Similar Myocardial Perfusion and Vascular Stiffness in Children and Adolescents with High Lipoprotein (a) Levels, in Comparison with Healthy Controls

Pulse ◽

10.1159/000517871 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kyriaki Papadopoulou-Legbelou ◽

Areti Triantafyllou ◽

Olga Vampertzi ◽

Nikolaos Koletsos ◽

Stella Douma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Vascular Aging ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

History Of

Background and Aims: This study investigated the possible correlation between elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels and early vascular aging biomarkers in healthy children and adolescents. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy children/adolescents, mean age 9.9 ± 3.7 years, with high Lp(a) levels without other lipid abnormalities and 27 age- and sex-matched controls with normal Lp(a) levels, were included in the study. The investigation of possible early vascular aging was assessed by measuring vascular function indices: carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR). Results: Although serum lipid values were within normal levels, mean values of total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were higher in the group of children with high Lp(a) levels than controls (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Vascular function indices did not show significant differences, neither between the 2 groups nor in the subgroups of children with increased Lp(a) levels. These subgroups were defined by the presence or absence of family history of premature coronary artery disease. Lp(a) levels did not show a significant correlation with the other parameters studied, both regarding the whole sample (patients and controls), as well as in the subgroups of elevated Lp(a) levels. However, in the group of children with high Lp(a) levels, c-IMT and PWV were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.427, p = 0.026 and r = 0.425, p = 0.030, respectively), while SEVR was negatively correlated with AIx (r = −0.455, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Healthy children and adolescents with high Lp(a) levels do not yet have impaired vascular indices, compared to controls. However, in order to prevent early atherosclerosis, it is crucial to early identify and follow up children with high Lp(a) levels and positive family history of premature coronary disease or other cardiovascular risk factors.

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PP037. Family history of cardiovascular disease and maternal vascular function during early pregnancy

Pregnancy Hypertension ◽

10.1016/j.preghy.2012.04.148 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 261-262

Author(s):

C. Iacobaeus ◽

G. Jörneskog ◽

T. Kahan ◽

M. Thorsell ◽

Ellika Andolf

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Vascular Function ◽

History Of

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W01.97 Correlation between positive family history of cardiovascular disease and inflammatory factors for children and adolescents

Atherosclerosis Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90097-4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22-23

Author(s):

M. Wosik-Erenbek

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

History Of

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The burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Middle East: A systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on primary prevention

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1573406416666200611104143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula ◽

Abdullah Shehab ◽

Anhar Ullah ◽

Jamal Rahmani

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

Middle East ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

History Of

Background: The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) threatens the Middle Eastern population. Several epidemiological studies have assessed CVD and its risk factors in terms of the primary prevention of CVD in the Middle East. Therefore, summarizing the information from these studies is essential. Aim: We conducted a systematic review to assess the prevalence of CVD and its major risk factors among Middle Eastern adults based on the literature published between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 and carried out a meta-analysis. Methods: We searched electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar to identify literature published from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018. All the original articles that investigated the prevalence of CVD and reported at least one of the following factors were included: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, smoking and family history of CVD. To summarize CVD prevalence, we performed a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 41 potentially relevant articles were included, and 32 were included in the meta-analysis (n=191,979). The overall prevalence of CVD was 10.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1-14.3%, p<0.001) in the Middle East. A high prevalence of CVD risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia (43.3%; 95% CI: 21.5-68%), hypertension (26.2%; 95% CI: 19.6-34%) and diabetes (16%; 95% CI: 9.9-24.8%), was observed. The prevalence rates of other risk factors, such as smoking (12.4%; 95% CI: 7.7-19.4%) and family history of CVD (18.7%; 95% CI: 15.4-22.5%), were also high. Conclusion: The prevalence of CVD is high (10.1%) in the Middle East. The burden of dyslipidaemia (43.3%) in this region is twice as high as that of hypertension (26.2%) and diabetes mellitus (16%). Multifaceted interventions are urgently needed for the primary prevention of CVD in this region.

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The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00684-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Meng Wang ◽

Wei-Wei Gong ◽

Feng Lu ◽

Ru-Ying Hu ◽

Qing-Fang He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Case Control ◽

Diabetes Duration ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Thyroid Cancer Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated inconsistent relationships of diabetes with thyroid cancer risk, yet little is known in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between diabetes, diabetes duration and the risk of thyroid cancer in Chinese population. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province including 2,937 thyroid cancer cases and 2,937 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer were estimated in logistic regression models. Specific effects stratified by age, as well as sex, body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes were also examined. Results Overall, neither diabetes (OR = 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.21–2.73) nor diabetes duration (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI: 0.02–1.22 for diabetes duration ≦ 5 years; OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 0.32–13.94 for diabetes duration > 5 years) was significantly associated with thyroid cancer. In stratified analyses, significant lower risk of thyroid cancer was observed among subjects with diabetes and shorter diabetes duration ( ≦ 5 years), but limited to those who were aged more than 40 years, female, overweight/obese and had positive family history of diabetes. Conclusions Diabetes and shorter diabetes duration were significantly associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals characterized by older age, female sex, higher BMI and positive family history of diabetes.

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Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05703-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Uzair Abbas ◽

Bushra Imdad ◽

Sikander Adil Mughal ◽

Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽

Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Micro Rna ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

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A Group Therapy Approach to Facilitate Integration of Risk Information for Women at Risk for Breast Cancer

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674379804300405 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 375-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mary Jane Esplen ◽

Brenda Toner ◽

Jonathan Hunter ◽

Gordon Glendon ◽

Kate Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

At Risk ◽

Family History ◽

Group Therapy ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Risk Information ◽

Degree Relative ◽

Therapy Approach ◽

History Of

Objective: To describe and illustrate elements of a group counselling approach designed to enhance the communication of risk information on breast cancer (BC) to women with a family history of this disease. Breast cancer is a leading cause of female cancer death. The most important risk factor for BC is a positive family history in at least 1 first-degree relative, and approximately one-third of women with BC have a family history of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is a significant psychological impact associated with having a family history of BC, and this may influence the psychological adjustment and response to being counselled for personal risk. New counselling approaches are required. Method: This paper describes a group therapy approach that incorporates principles of supportive-expressive therapy designed to address the emotional impact of being at risk for BC and to promote accuracy of perceived risk. The key elements of the intervention are described along with clinical illustrations from groups that are part of an ongoing study to develop and standardize the group therapy. Conclusion: Qualitative data from the groups suggest that this model of therapy is both feasible and effective.

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