Integrative approach of histopathology and histomorphometry of common carp (Cyprinus carpioL.) organs as a marker of general fish health state in pond culture

Several diagnostic tools are available for veterinarians and fish health professionals to evaluate fish health and their abnormalities. However, reference data regarding the character and size of fish blood cells are limited. The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphology and morphometry of normal blood cells in zebrafish (Danio rerio), common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio), and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To get a representative sample, we took blood from ten 6-mo old healthy fish from each species. Fish were purchased from an ornamental fish market and the local government fish breeding center in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 100 erythrocytes and a maximum of 30 leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) were randomly sampled and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, including morphometric analysis of both the long axis (LA) and short axis (SA) of these cells. All data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA statistical tests to compare the blood cells in each species with SPSS software. The findings revealed distinct differences in both morphology and morphometry of the blood cells among the species. Basic knowledge obtained from this research will aid in the development of biomarkers and other ancillary diagnostic tools for further hematology research, conservation, and clinical diagnosis in these 3 fish species.

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In Vitro Metabolic Transformation of Pharmaceuticals by Hepatic S9 Fractions from Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25112690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 2690

Author(s):

Viktoriia Burkina ◽

Sidika Sakalli ◽

Pham Thai Giang ◽

Kateřina Grabicová ◽

Andrea Vojs Staňová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽

Fish Health ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Metabolic Transformation ◽

The Common ◽

And Behavior

Water from wastewater treatment plants contains concentrations of pharmaceutically active compounds as high as micrograms per liter, which can adversely affect fish health and behavior, and contaminate the food chain. Here, we tested the ability of the common carp hepatic S9 fraction to produce the main metabolites from citalopram, metoprolol, sertraline, and venlafaxine. Metabolism in fish S9 fractions was compared to that in sheep. The metabolism of citalopram was further studied in fish. Our results suggest a large difference in the rate of metabolites formation between fish and sheep. Fish hepatic S9 fractions do not show an ability to form metabolites from venlafaxine, which was also the case for sheep. Citalopram, metoprolol, and sertraline were metabolized by both fish and sheep S9. Citalopram showed concentration-dependent N-desmethylcitalopram formation with Vmax = 1781 pmol/min/mg and Km = 29.7 μM. The presence of ellipticine, a specific CYP1A inhibitor, in the incubations reduced the formation of N-desmethylcitalopram by 30–100% depending on the applied concentration. These findings suggest that CYP1A is the major enzyme contributing to the formation of N-desmethylcitalopram. In summary, the results from the present in vitro study suggest that common carp can form the major metabolites of citalopram, metoprolol, and sertraline.

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Perceptions of a Collaborative Professional Learning Program: Seeing the “Bigger Picture”

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 290-303

Author(s):

P. Charlie Buckley ◽

Kimberly A. Murza ◽

Tami Cassel

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Professional Learning ◽

Social Communication ◽

Special Educators ◽

Service Providers ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Learning Program ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Related Service

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.

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The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie ◽

10.1026/0943-8149/a000129 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 194-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Freda-Marie Hartung ◽

Britta Renner

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Social Situation ◽

First Year ◽

Health State ◽

Need To Belong ◽

First Year University ◽

Perceived Social Isolation ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

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