Recombinant neutral protease rNpI as fish feed additive to improve protein digestion and growth

Purpose. To prepare a justification for the use of sodium and potassium salts of humic and fulvic acids (humates) as substances with biologically active properties in fish feeds based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information and own experimental materials, Findings. A complex general characteristic of humic substances was provided, the mechanism of biologically active action of humates on living organisms was described. Examples of the use of humates in crop production, medicine, animal husbandry and aquaculture were given. The results of our own studies on the use of humates as a feed additive for valuable objects of aquaculture were presented. Prospects for the inclusion of micro-additives of sodium and potassium humates in the composition of fish feed in order to increase fish survival and digestibility of feed were outlined. Originality. To date, the introduction of humates into fish feed as micronutrients was experimental. The analysis of scientific sources and materials of own studies gave the basis for the conclusion about the need of complex detailed studying of mechanisms of effects of humates on fish. In particular, it is of interest to study the protective properties of humates from the accumulation of heavy metals in the body of fish for the use of micronutrients of these substances in fish feeds. Practical value. The use of humate feed additives in aquaculture will help to solve such urgent problems as the prevention of excessive losses of biological material of cultivated objects, reduction of feed costs, improvement of consumer characteristics of food products. Humates, as substances of natural origin with protective and immunomodulatory action, can become substitutes for some synthetic therapeutic and prophylactic drugs. Key words: aquaculture, humates, compound feed, feed additive, growth rate, survival, feed assimilation.

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Feed Additive of Binder Seaweed Grass in Fish Feed Formulation on Physical Characteristics and Efficiency

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS ◽

10.47191/ijmra/v4-i1-06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Kiki Haetami ◽

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Durability Test ◽

Feed Formulation ◽

Speed Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rupture Speed

The study was designed experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design, five treatments were repeated three times included the use of carboxymethyl cellulose as a control as much as 5%, and the treatment of feed additives of seaweed as much as 5%, 75%, 10% and 12.5%. The parameters measured were feed efficiency, rupture speed test, sink speed test, durability test, stability test and moisture content test using Analysis of Variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. The results showed that seaweed binder additive feed increased (p <0.05) durability and stability in water, but did not show a significant difference (p> 0.05) on feed efficiency, breaking speed and sinking speed. Stability of pellets in water with the addition of seaweed binders of 10% is significantly higher (p <0.05) than other pellets, i.e. after 10 - 60 minutes ranging from 82.70% -97.40% with pellet durability of 98.24% and feed efficiency of 42.93%.

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Melatonin as a Multipotent Component of Fish Feed: Basic Information for Its Potential Application in Aquaculture

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.734066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Akash Acharyya ◽

Joydeep Das ◽

Kazi Nurul Hasan

Keyword(s):

Food Supplement ◽

Protective Role ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Feeding Time ◽

Dark Phase ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Basic Information ◽

Fish Food ◽

Area Of Interest ◽

Biological Stress

In vertebrates, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine, MEL) is synthesized from L-tryptophan (L-Trp), primarily in the pineal gland and additionally in several non-pineal tissues, including enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract. The biosynthesis of MEL in the pinealocytes exhibits a daily rhythm with a nocturnal peak in synchronization with the dark phase of an environment. However, the temporal pattern of the gut melatoninergic system in fish is known to be synchronized with one or more non-photic external cue(s), of which most notable include the components of food and feeding time in a daily cycle. Experimental findings on the use of L-Trp (5-fold to −8-fold higher with respect to standard) as a fish food supplement suggest that it has a stimulatory influence on gut MEL synthesis that ultimately leads to elevated levels of plasma MEL. Several studies employing MEL as a fish feed additive report variable responses in relation to the physiological functions of the fish and its doses of application and modes of exposure. Oral administration of MEL (validated dose in general: 200 mg/kg fish food) causes an increase in gut MEL concentrations, food intake capacity, and micronutrient selection ability of fish, as well as enhanced activity of antioxidative enzymes and/or reduced levels of biological stress markers like plasma cortisol and lactate. The application of MEL with the doses of 50 and 250 mg/kg fish food to balanced diet results in precious maturation of gonads, high live sperm rate, and good quality seeds in catfish. A few studies on different fish groups administered with MEL through tank water reveal a significant increase in the fecundity rate, percentage of fertilization, and the number of hatched embryos. MEL injection through intraperitoneal or intramuscular routes also elicits variable responses in fish. Several studies suggest a major protective role of endogenous MEL against gastric ulcer induced by pathogenic bacterial infection. Taken together, MEL seems to be a multipotent physiological candidate involved in the regulation of a variety of body functions ranging from the synchronization of vital activities with environmental variables to the timing of reproduction in a changing system, from the acceleration of body growth to the determination of a pattern of development, and from the reduction of oxidative stress to the protection against microbial infections. Because aquaculture aims at substantially improving the quality and quantity of available aquatic resources employing convenient, consistent, and commercially exploitable measures, we find the reasons to suggest that the use of MEL or its precursor L-Trp as a fish food supplement may open up a new vista of aquaculture and, hence, present this review with an attempt to present the basic information on this area of interest to justify the hypothesis.

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STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEED ADDITIVE OF SODIUM HUMATE FOR STERLET BY THE CAGE METHOD OF GROWING

Animal Science and Food Technology ◽

10.31548/animal2021.04.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Author(s):

N. V. Polishchuk ◽

B. Yu. Kovalenko ◽

N. I. Vovk ◽

I. S. Kononenko ◽

V. O. Kovalenko

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Feed Additives ◽

The Body ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Sodium Humate ◽

The Impact

The article presents the results of an experiment to assess the effect of feed additive of humates on the growth rate and survival of different age groups of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L., 1758) and the conversion of fish feed for keeping in aquaculture. Based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information, it was found that humic drugs have long been used in crop production as growth stimulants and microfertilizers, and in animal husbandry - to normalize metabolism, treatment of digestive diseases and general stimulating effect on the body as a whole. Analysis of data on the use of humates in aquaculture indicated the presence of a positive effect of these compounds on individual cultivation objects. The small amount of information on the use of humates in fish farming has led to the conclusion that this direction of fish farming intensification is still insufficiently studied, and that studies of the impact of humic substances on aquaculture objects are not comprehensive and mainly concern the assessment of individual effects of biologically active action of the compounds on fish. The available information gave grounds to speculate about the prospects for the use of humates in sturgeon farming. To test this assumption, a series of experiments was conducted on the feeding of sterlet feed with the addition of sodium humate. The research was conducted in 2018, 2020 and 2021, in the production conditions of the cage fishery, located on the Kaniv Reservoir. The effect of different concentrations of sodium humate feed additives on one- and two year old sterlet was evaluated. It was found that the addition of sodium humate to fish feed in concentrations of 60, 100, 120 and 200 mg / kg of feed did not significantly affect the growth rate of sterlet. Thus, the advantage of experimental variants over the control for this indicator was insignificant, in the range of 1.0-1.6%. The effect of sodium humate on the survival of this year sterlet, for their cultivation in gardens. At the same time, the best, by 6.7-17.4%, feed conversion with the addition of humates by one- and two-year-old sterlet was noted. According to the results of the experiments, the best result was obtained in the variant using a feed additive of humates at a concentration of 200 mg / kg of feed. It is considered promising to continue the study of the impact of feed additives of humates on the growth and survival of valuable aquaculture objects under different housing conditions, in particular in closed recirculation aquasystems (RAS), as well as finding the optimal concentration of these additives in feed for different species and age groups of fish.

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Thermophile-fermented compost as a fish feed additive modulates lipid peroxidation and free amino acid contents in the muscle of the carp, Cyprinus carpio

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering ◽

10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.10.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 121 (5) ◽

pp. 530-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ryusuke Tanaka ◽

Hirokuni Miyamoto ◽

Shin-ichi Inoue ◽

Kazuhiro Shigeta ◽

Masakazu Kondo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Free Amino ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Amino Acid Contents

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Docosahexaenoic acid production from various feedstock for the application as fish feed additive

Chemie Ingenieur Technik ◽

10.1002/cite.202055290 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (9) ◽

pp. 1174-1174

Author(s):

S. Junne ◽

S. Rohn ◽

P. Neubauer

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Acid Production ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Fish Feed

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GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF CLARIA CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPNUS B., 1822) AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF GROWING WITH ADDITION OF CHICTONIC IN FEED

Animal Science and Food Technology ◽

10.31548/animal2021.04.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Author(s):

B. Yu. Kovalenko ◽

V. O. Kovalenko ◽

D. Yu. Sharylo ◽

N. V. Polishchuk ◽

O. A. Korzh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Stressful Situation ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Acid Complex ◽

Amino Acid Complex ◽

High Doses

The paper presents the results of an experiment to assess the effect of different concentrations of vitamin-amino acid complex "Chiktonik" on the growth rate and survival of young African clary catfish (Clarias gariepinus B., 1822) after various stressful situations, for keeping fish in aquaculture. In the experiment, the stressful situation for fish arose due to significant fluctuations in the content of ammonia, nitrites and nitrates in the aquatic environment of a closed recirculation aquasystem, which kept larvae and fry of Clarya catfish during the start of the biological filter, before establishing biological equilibrium in the system. Based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information, it was found that the drug "Chiktonik" for more than 10 years is used in animal husbandry to normalize metabolism in animals with unbalanced feeding, after stress, mycotoxin poisoning and antibiotic treatment. This information gave rise to the assumption of the possibility of using the drug in aquaculture, for the same purposes. A series of experiments was performed in a closed recirculating aquasystem, during which the effect of different concentrations of the drug "Chiktonik" in fish feed on larvae and fry of Clarya catfish was tested. It was found that the addition of the drug at the rate of 1 ml per 1 kg of feed accelerates the growth of fish in the experimental variants, compared with the control. Experimental use of high doses of the drug (5, 15, 30 and 45 ml/kg of feed) initially led to inhibition of weight gain of fish, but 10-30 days after the experiment, the growth rate of the experimental material was equal to that of the control group of fish and even exceeded control in the future. The positive effect of vitamin-amino acid complex "Chiktonik" on the survival of young Clarya catfish at the end of the larval period of life and in the early stages of the fry period was established. In an experiment with older fish, which were fully formed fry, such an effect from the use of the drug was not observed: the survival of the fish was at the same level, both in the experiment and in the control. At the same time, it was found that the fry respond less well to high doses of the drug, compared with adult larvae. Thus, the growth rate of fry after the use of high doses of the drug was not equal to that of fish from the control group within a month after the end of the experiment, in contrast to younger fish. In general, the feasibility and safety of the drug "Chiktonik" for young Claria catfish as a feed additive at a dose of 1 ml / kg of fish feed has been proven. It is considered promising to continue research in this direction, using as research material fish of older age groups, including - repair and breeding stock of Claria catfish.

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