scholarly journals Revisiting the impact of impure public goods on consumers’ prosocial behavior: A lab experiment in Shanghai

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinxin Guo ◽  
Enci Wang ◽  
Yongyou Nie ◽  
Junyi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Impure Public Goods ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Environmental modification via a quorum sensing molecule influences the social landscape of siderophore production

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1852) ◽  
pp. 20170200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Popat ◽  
Freya Harrison ◽  
Ana C. da Silva ◽  
Scott A. S. Easton ◽  
Luke McNally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Iron Starvation ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Trait

Bacteria produce a wide variety of exoproducts that favourably modify their environment and increase their fitness. These are often termed ‘public goods’ because they are costly for individuals to produce and can be exploited by non-producers (cheats). The outcome of conflict over public goods is dependent upon the prevailing environment and the phenotype of the individuals in competition. Many bacterial species use quorum sensing (QS) signalling molecules to regulate the production of public goods. QS, therefore, determines the cooperative phenotype of individuals, and influences conflict over public goods. In addition to their regulatory functions, many QS molecules have additional properties that directly modify the prevailing environment. This leads to the possibility that QS molecules could influence conflict over public goods indirectly through non-signalling effects, and the impact of this on social competition has not previously been explored. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS signal molecule PQS is a powerful chelator of iron which can cause an iron starvation response. Here, we show that PQS stimulates a concentration-dependent increase in the cooperative production of iron scavenging siderophores, resulting in an increase in the relative fitness of non-producing siderophore cheats. This is likely due to an increased cost of siderophore output by producing cells and a concurrent increase in the shared benefits, which accrue to both producers and cheats. Although PQS can be a beneficial signalling molecule for P. aeruginosa , our data suggest that it can also render a siderophore-producing population vulnerable to competition from cheating strains. More generally, our results indicate that the production of one social trait can indirectly affect the costs and benefits of another social trait.

scholarly journals CLASSROOM EXPERIMENT AS A TEACHING METHOD IN NATURAL RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS COURSE EKSPERIMEN KELAS SEBAGAI METODE PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MATA AJAR EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DAN LINGKUNGAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
ALIN HALIMATUSSADIAH
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Common Pool Resource ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Classroom Experiment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rules Of The Game

The use of classroom experiment as teaching method in economic courses is increasing overtime. However, it is not widely used in developing world. In the experiment, students can learn using their own experience how economic agents behave and how they make decisions in a certain situation setting. This paper aims to describe the advantage of the method, practical issues in conducting classroom experiment, and examples of two classrooms experimental games in natural resource and environmental economics course: a public goods game and a CPR (common pool resource) game. In the games we introduce different rules of the game to give an understanding the impact of different rules of the game to the result of the game. We also discussed the relation between individual characteristics and his/her decision in the game.   Keywords: classroom experiment, public goods game, CPR (common-pool resource) game, natural resource and environmental economics

The Distributional Impact of Public Goods

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Raymond ◽  
Michael Sesnowitz
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Impure Public Goods ◽  
Pure Public Good ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Distributional Impact

Aspects of the method developed by Aaron and McGuire and Maital (AMM) for estimating the benefit distributions associated with the provision of pure public goods are clarified and the method is extended to cover the case of public projects designed to improve the quality of impure public goods. The extended method is used to estimate the distributional impact of a proposed public project in the Cleveland-Akron metropolitan region, and the results are compared with estimates obtained from three naive models and from the AMM model for pure public goods. It is found that the native models overestimate substantially the net benefits received by low-income families and underestimate the net benefits received by high-income families. Using the AMM method for a pure public good similarly distorts the results, though by a much smaller magnitude.

Consumers’ prosocial engagement in CSR: why should they care and what does it mean to them?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baobao Song
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stakeholder Relationships ◽  
Csr Communication ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Social Cause ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Public relations practitioners worldwide are attempting to enhance the overall organization–stakeholder relationships by applying strategic communication techniques and skills to corporate social responsibility (CSR) management and communications. In this light, drawing on the prosocial motivation literature, this paper aims to investigate consumers’ implicit and explicit motivations for prosocial behavior, and how these two motivations interact to affect consumers’ willingness to contribute to CSR activities. Second, through the lens of sensemaking theory, this study evaluates the influence of successful prosocial behavior engagement on consumers’ perceptions of both self and companies’ prosocial identities, CSR authenticity and company evaluations. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a dictator game experiment with 2 × 2 factorial design to gauge consumers’ prosocial behavioral response toward companies’ CSR communication with implicit and explicit motivations and to examine its effect on company evaluation. Findings In all, the results of this study suggest that implicit motivation, i.e. self-affirmation intervention, in CSR communication will cause consumers to donate more money to CSR programs; whereas explicit motivation does not exert an effect on consumers’ prosocial behavior. In addition, such donation will trigger consumers’ prosocial sensemaking process and lead to strong identification with the company, positive attitudes and behavioral intentions toward the company. Originality/value This study aims to build a consumer- and social cause-oriented CSR communication model, which maximizes the impact of CSR investments on consumer relationship building, business bottom line and social causes.

The Impact of Computer Processor Speed on End-User Productivity

2004 ◽  
pp. 288-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wierschem ◽  
Tom Brodnax
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computers ◽  
End User ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Computer Processor ◽  
Processor Speed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
User Productivity

With each new improvement, the power, speed and capabilities of the computer have increased, as has the demand for computing power. Some managers have questioned the necessity of continuously upgrading computing technology when its efficient use is dictated more by the speed of the user than by the speed of the processor. These observations have led to the questioning of the value that continued processor speed upgrades add to end user productivity. This chapter identifies the impact that upgrades in processing speeds of personal computers have on end user productivity. A controlled lab experiment was conducted to measure the impact that processor speed had on student output. Based on the results of the experiment, it was observed that end user productivity (as measured by an increase in the amount of work completed) improved.

The impact of targeting policy on spouses’ demand for public goods, labor supplies and sharing rule

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 853-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiota Lyssiotou
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Sharing Rule ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Schadenfreude Effect: When Your Losses Are More Enjoyable Than My Wins

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Bruno Farias Mendes ◽  
George Alba
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Study ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
The Impact

It is not uncommon for people to feel good when bad luck happens to others, especially when there is rivalry. The paper aims to investigate the impact of schadenfreude (pleasure in another’s misfortune) on decision-making. The first study, a lab experiment, showed that people preferred to send news about one’s favorite team victory (pride) over one’s rival team loss (schadenfreude) when the outcome of the game displayed small score differences and select the schadenfreude option when the score differences were large.  The second study, conducted in the field, showed that supporters of a rival team increased their probability of betting against the target team when the target team was praised prior to the game. Taken together, the results show that schadenfreude is more powerful when the damage to a rival is large (study 1) or when the rival is praised (study 2).

scholarly journals The Impact of a Complement-Based Assortment Organization on Purchases

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Sarantopoulos ◽  
Aristeidis Theotokis ◽  
Katerina Pramatari ◽  
Anne L. Roggeveen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

This article examines whether and why organizing product categories according to the consumption goal they serve (i.e., complement-based assortment organization) may increase purchases compared with organizing product categories according to their attributes or physical characteristics (i.e., substitute-based assortment organization). Across two field experiments, a virtual reality experiment, and a lab experiment, the authors show that a complement-based assortment organization, compared with a substitute-based assortment organization, leads to increased numbers of purchases and increased expenditures. Ease of visualization of the consumption process mediates the results. The impact of the complement-based organization on purchases is more pronounced for less involved consumers and for consumers with a less specific shopping goal. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications.

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