scholarly journals Simulating the influence of plasma protein on measured receptor affinity in biochemical assays reveals the utility of Schild analysis for estimating compound affinity for plasma proteins

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (21) ◽  
pp. 5037-5049 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Blakeley ◽  
D A Sykes ◽  
P Ensor ◽  
E Bertran ◽  
P J Aston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Receptor Affinity ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Schild Analysis

scholarly journals BARTONELLA BODIES IN THE BLOOD OF A NON-SPLENECTOMIZED DOG

1935 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. McNaught ◽  
Francis M. Woods ◽  
Virgil Scott
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Many ◽  
Plasma Protein Level

A non-splenectomized dog, on a vitamin-adequate basal diet, in the course of a plasmapheresis experiment, developed an uncontrollable anemia associated with the presence of bodies in or on the erythrocytes, indistinguishable from the descriptions of Bartonella canis. The normal plasma protein level of 7.3 per cent was reduced to 4.1 per cent by diet and the removal of 5354 ml. of whole blood in 33 bleedings. The Bartonella infection was transferred to a splenectomized dog by an intravenous injection of whole blood. Each animal was apparently sterilized by one injection of neoarsphenamine equivalent to 15 mg. per kilo weight. It is possible that the spleen liberates some substance into the blood stream which has an inhibitory effect upon a latent Bartonella infection and that this protective substance was diminished by the many bleedings associated with the lowering of plasma proteins in the non-splenectomized dog and was lacking in the inoculated splenectomized dog.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE VOLUME OF PLASMA AND ABSOLUTE AMOUNT OF PLASMA PROTEINS IN NEPHRITIS

1924 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Linder ◽  
C. Lundsgaard ◽  
D. D. Van Slyke ◽  
E. Stillman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Low Protein

1. We have not observed gross increases in plasma volume in glomerulonephritis, nephrosis, or nephrosclerosis, even when the concentration of plasma proteins was much below normal. Our results indicate the probability that "hydremic plethora" does not occur. 2. The low protein concentration frequently observed in the plasma in nephritis is not due to increased plasma volume but to a decrease of the total amount of plasma protein in the body. 3. Changes in plasma volume showed no constant relationship to changes in edema.

scholarly journals Differential effects of insulin deprivation and systemic insulin treatment on plasma protein synthesis in type 1 diabetic people

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. E889-E897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Katherine A. Klaus ◽  
Dawn M. Morse ◽  
Helen Karakelides ◽  
Lawrence E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Protein Gel ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

It remains to be determined whether systemic insulin replacement normalizes synthesis rates of different plasma proteins and whether there are differential effects on various plasma proteins. We tested a hypothesis that insulin deprivation differentially affects individual plasma protein synthesis and that systemic insulin treatment may not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins. We measured synthesis rates of 41 plasma proteins in seven each of type 1 diabetic (T1DM) and nondiabetic participants (ND) using [ ring-13C6]phenylalanine as a tracer. T1DM were studied while on chronic insulin treatment and during 8 h insulin deprivation. Insulin treatment normalized glucose levels, but plasma insulin levels were higher during insulin treatment than during insulin deprivation in T1DM and ND. Individual plasma proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Only 41 protein gel spots from over 300 were chosen based on their protein homogeneity. Insulin deprivation and hyperglycemia either significantly increased ( n = 12) or decreased ( n = 12) synthesis rates of 24 of 41 plasma proteins in T1DM compared with ND. Insulin treatment normalized synthesis rates of 13 of these 24 proteins, which were altered during insulin deprivation. However, insulin treatment significantly altered the synthesis of 14 additional proteins. In conclusion, acute insulin deprivation caused both a decrease and increase in synthesis rates of many plasma proteins with various functions. Moreover, chronic systemic insulin treatment not only did not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins but also altered synthesis of several additional proteins that were unaltered during insulin deprivation.

scholarly journals Plasma proteins of young African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822).

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
J.H. Boon ◽  
J.M. Smits ◽  
T. Wensing ◽  
E. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Total Content ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The effect of feeding level and water supply on the total content of plasma protein (TPP) and fractions of these proteins (PPF) of young African catfish was studied. It was found that TPP can be divided into 4 fractions (PPF I-IV), of which PPF I is predominant. Analysis of the results showed a strong effect of feeding level on TPP and PPF I-IV. There was a positive correlation between TPP and the weights of PPF I-IV, and a negative correlation between PPF I and PPF II. The PPF I fraction might be usable as an indicator for the health status of young catfishes. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Applicability of FTIR-ATR Method to Measure Carbonyls in Blood Plasma after Physical and Mental Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
Marlena Gąsior-Głogowska ◽  
Michał Marszałek ◽  
Natalia Trochanowska-Pauk ◽  
František Zigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Combat Training ◽  
Horse Blood ◽  
Reflectance Ftir

Introduction. Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses. It results in the oxidation of all cellular elements and, to a large extent, proteins, causing inter alia the formation of carbonyl groups in their structures. The study focused on assessment of changes in the plasma protein-bound carbonyls in police horses after combat training and after rest and the applicability of infrared spectroscopy with a Fourier transform, utilizing the attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) in detecting plasma protein oxidation. Methods. We evaluated the influence of both the different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and combat training on protein carbonylation in horse blood plasma. The oxidation of plasma proteins was assessed using a spectrophotometric method based on the carbonyl groups derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The measured values were correlated with the carbonyl groups concentrations determined by means of the FTIR-ATR method. Results. The linear correlation between the DNPH and FTIR-ATR methods was shown. The concentration of plasma protein-bound carbonyls significantly deceased in police horses after one-day rest when compared to the values measured directly after the combat training (a drop by 23%, p<0.05 and 29%, p<0.01 measured by DNPH and FTIR-ATR methods, respectively). These results were consistent with the proteins phosphorylation analysis. Conclusion. The FTIR-ATR method may be applied to measure the level of plasma proteins peroxidation.

scholarly journals Acute Intracranial Hypertension occurring during Infusion of Stable Plasma Protein Solution

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Duncan ◽  
M. T. Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Cerebral Oedema ◽  
Protein Solution ◽  
Systemic Hypotension ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Stable Plasma

A case of traumatic cerebral oedema is reported in which the infusion of small volumes of stable plasma protein solution (SPPS) resulted in acute and massive increases in intracranial pressure. The batch of SPPS responsible was found to have high levels of prekallikrein activator which is thought to be the cause of the systemic hypotension previously described with plasma proteins solutions. A second batch of SPPS with low levels of prekallikrein activator generated much smaller increases in intracranial pressure. The mechanism of this phenomenon is discussed and a recommendation made for the cautious use of SPPS when intracranial hypertension is present or suspected.

scholarly journals CASEIN DIGESTS PARENTERALLY UTILIZED TO FORM BLOOD PLASMA PROTEIN

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Madden ◽  
L. J. Zeldis ◽  
A. D. Hengerer ◽  
L. L. Miller ◽  
A. P. Rowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Blood Plasma Proteins ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Uniform Plasma

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding with return of the washed red cells (plasmapheresis) it is possible to bring dogs to a steady state of hypoproteinemia and a uniform plasma protein production on a basal diet limited in protein. Such dogs are clinically normal but have a lowered resistance to infection and certain intoxications. Casein digests given by vein or subcutaneously to such plasma depleted dogs are effective in promoting abundant new plasma protein production. Casein digest L by vein is equivalent to whole liver of like protein equivalence by mouth. The ratio of new plasma protein production to protein intake is 20 to 25 per cent in both instances. Casein digest L by vein gives the same response in plasma protein output as the same digest by mouth. Protein digest X by vein requires addition of tryptophane and cysteine to be effective in plasma protein production. The added cysteine sulfur is more than 95 per cent retained by the dog. The speed of digest injection has no effect on its utilization, within the range tested. Casein digest L given by vein to non-depleted dogs is less well utilized than in dogs depleted of plasma protein.

scholarly journals BLOOD PLASMA PROTEINS AS INFLUENCED BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF GUM ACACIA

1939 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Yuile ◽  
Ralph E. Knutti
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Plasma Protein Concentration ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
And Function ◽  
Protein Diets

By repeated weekly intravenous injections of gum acacia solution in dogs over periods of 4 to 5 months, it has been possible to maintain plasma protein concentration and total circulating protein at very low levels. If sufficient numbers of such injections are given and then discontinued, plasma protein concentration will remain below the normal limits for several more months. Acacia remains in the blood during this time. Reduction of fibrinogen concentration in such animals is out of proportion to and more marked than the changes in plasma protein concentration. This would indicate interference with liver function. Plasma volume when determined at 7 day intervals during injection periods at first diminishes, then rises 20 to 25 per cent above basal levels. The total blood volume does not show such marked changes because of a decrease in red cell volume. Globulins are reduced to a greater extent than albumin after a single injection of gum acacia, although both albumin and the globulins diminish. This cannot be accounted for by a decrease in fibrinogen alone. After 14 to 16 weekly injections, both albumin and globulins are more profoundly reduced. During injection periods in such animals, it has not been possible to control quantitatively the dietary intake, a complication which has made it difficult to ascertain the effect of various protein diets upon the protein-acacia balance. The changes described, however, have taken place regardless of various types of animal protein diets. Following periods of injection, in spite of very low plasma protein concentration and high acacia concentration in the blood, most of the dogs eat well and therefore they can be used during this period for controlled dietary experiments which may be of value in investigating the mechanism of the production and function of the plasma proteins.

scholarly journals Albumin, fibrinogen and transferrin synthesis in isolated rat hepatocyte suspensions. A model for the study of plasma protein synthesis

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
K N Jeejeebhoy ◽  
J Ho ◽  
G R Greenberg ◽  
M J Phillips ◽  
A Bruce-Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Horse Serum ◽  
Rat Hepatocyte ◽  
Isolated Rat

A system using hepatocyte suspensions in vitro was developed for studying the synthesis of albumin, fibrinogen and transferrin. Conditions for optimum survival of the hepatocyte and for synthesis of these plasma proteins were defined for this system. These conditions included the use of horse serum (17.5 percent, v/v, heat-inactivated), an enriched medium (Waymouth's MB 752/1), an O2 tension of between 18.7 times 10(3) and 26.7 times 10(3) Pa and constant stirring. Albumin, fibrinogen and transferrin synthesis rates were obtained of 0.32 p 0.094(10), 0.12 p 0.030(11) and 0.097 p 0.017(10) [mean p S.D. (n)]mg/h per g of hepatocytes respectively. These rates were maintained for the first 12h of study and synthesis continued at a diminished rate up to 48h. The synthesis of albumin was decreased in a medium containing less amino acids and glucose, but that of fibrinogen was substantially unaffected. ATP concentrations up to 12h and RNA/DNA ratios up to 24h were comparable with values in vivo. The ability to study cells up to 48h permitted us to find that the addition of a mixture of hormones consisting of glucagon, cortisol, tri-iodothyronine and growth hormone enhanced fibrinogen synthesis. Addition of insulin to the above mixture resulted in increased synthesis for albumin and transferrin but not for fibrinogen.

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