scholarly journals Sociodemographic factors, current asthma and lung function in an urban child population

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwen Yang‐Huang ◽  
Amy Grieken ◽  
Evelien R. Meel ◽  
Huan He ◽  
Johan C. Jongste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Urban Child ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Child Population

scholarly journals 550Short-term exposure to grass pollen is associated with lower lung function and increased airway inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sabrina Idrose ◽  
Rachel Tham ◽  
Caroline Lodge ◽  
Adrian Lowe ◽  
Dinh Bui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Hay Fever ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Delayed Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spore Trap ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Pollen Exposure

Abstract Background The association between grass pollen exposure and lung function changes and airway inflammation is limited. We investigated these associations in a community-based sample, and whether any such associations were modified by current asthma, current hay fever, pollen sensitization and age. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of data from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study (MACS) participants (n = 936). Lung function was assessed using spirometry. Airway inflammation was assessed by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and exhaled breath condensate pH and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Daily pollen counts were collected using a volumetric spore trap. The associations were examined by linear regression. Results Higher ambient levels of grass pollen 2 days before (lag 2) were associated with lower mid-forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) and FEV1/FVC ratio (Coef. [95% CI] = -119 [-226, -11] mL/s and -1.0 [-3.0, -0.03] %, respectively) and also 3 days before (lag 3). Increased levels of grass pollen a day before (lag 1) was associated with increased FeNO (4.35 [-0.1, 8.7] ppb) and also at lag 2. Adverse associations between pollen and multiple outcomes were greater in adults with current asthma, hay fever and pollen sensitization. Conclusions Grass pollen exposure was associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation 1-2 days after exposure and airway obstruction 2-3 days after exposure. Key messages There is a more delayed effect on lung function compared to airway inflammation. Adults with current asthma, hay fever and grass pollen sensitisation are especially vulnerable.

Childhood pneumonia, pleurisy and lung function: a cohort study from the first to sixth decade of life

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Perret ◽  
Caroline J Lodge ◽  
Adrian J Lowe ◽  
David P Johns ◽  
Bruce R Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Childhood Pneumonia ◽  
Lower Limit Of Normal

IntroductionAdult spirometry following community-acquired childhood pneumonia has variably been reported as showing obstructive or non-obstructive deficits. We analysed associations between doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia/pleurisy and more comprehensive lung function in a middle-aged general population cohort born in 1961.MethodsData were from the prospective population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort. Analysed lung function was from ages 7 years (prebronchodilator spirometry only, n=7097), 45 years (postbronchodilator spirometry, carbon monoxide transfer factor and static lung volumes, n=1220) and 53 years (postbronchodilator spirometry and transfer factor, n=2485). Parent-recalled histories of doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were recorded at age 7. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used.ResultsAt age 7, compared with no episodes, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with reduced FEV1:FVC for only those with current asthma (beta-coefficient or change in z-score=−0.20 SD, 95% CI −0.38 to –0.02, p=0.028, p interaction=0.036). At age 45, for all participants, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with a restrictive pattern: OR 3.02 (1.5 to 6.0), p=0.002 for spirometric restriction (FVC less than the lower limit of normal plus FEV1:FVC greater than the lower limit of normal); total lung capacity z-score −0.26 SD (95% CI −0.38 to –0.13), p<0.001; functional residual capacity −0.16 SD (−0.34 to –0.08), p=0.001; and residual volume −0.18 SD (−0.31 to –0.05), p=0.008. Reduced lung volumes were accompanied by increased carbon monoxide transfer coefficient at both time points (z-score +0.29 SD (0.11 to 0.49), p=0.001 and +0.17 SD (0.04 to 0.29), p=0.008, respectively).DiscussionFor this community-based population, doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were associated with obstructed lung function at age 7 for children who had current asthma symptoms, but with evidence of ‘smaller lungs’ when in middle age.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration, Current Asthma, and Lung Function in a Nationwide Study of U.S. Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 200 (7) ◽  
pp. 926-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Yang ◽  
Yueh-Ying Han ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Franziska Rosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Nationwide Study

scholarly journals The effect of early growth patterns and lung function on the development of childhood asthma: a population based study

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1137-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Casas ◽  
Herman T den Dekker ◽  
Claudia J Kruithof ◽  
Irwin K Reiss ◽  
Martine Vrijheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Peak Weight ◽  
Weight Velocity

BackgroundInfant weight gain is associated with lower lung function and a higher risk of childhood asthma. Detailed individual childhood growth patterns might be better predictors of childhood respiratory morbidity than the difference between two weight and height measurements. We assessed the associations of early childhood growth patterns with lung function and asthma at the age of 10 years and whether the child’s current body mass index (BMI) influenced any association.MethodsWe derived peak height and weight growth velocity, BMI at adiposity peak, and age at adiposity peak from longitudinally measured weight and height data in the first 3 years of life of 4435 children enrolled in a population-based prospective cohort study. At 10 years of age, spirometry was performed and current asthma was assessed by questionnaire. Spirometry outcomes included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow after exhaling 75% of vital capacity (FEF75).ResultsGreater peak weight velocity was associated with higher FVC but lower FEV1/FVC and FEF75. Greater BMI at adiposity peak was associated with higher FVC and FEV1 but lower FEV1/FVC and FEF75. Greater age at adiposity peak was associated with higher FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75, particularly in children with a small size at birth, and lower odds of current asthma in boys. The child’s current BMI only explained the associations of peak weight velocity and BMI at adiposity peak with FVC and FEV1. Peak height velocity was not consistently associated with impaired lung function or asthma.ConclusionPeak weight velocity and BMI at adiposity peak were associated with reduced airway patency in relation to lung volume, whereas age at adiposity peak was associated with higher lung function parameters and lower risk of asthma at 10 years, particularly in boys.

scholarly journals Maternal blood pressure and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy and childhood respiratory morbidity: the Generation R Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1800378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freke A. Wilmink ◽  
Herman T. den Dekker ◽  
Johan C. de Jongste ◽  
Irwin K.M. Reiss ◽  
Vincent W.V. Jaddoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
Maternal Blood Pressure

Pre-eclampsia is associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, wheezing and asthma in later childhood. Currently, there are no studies available investigating maternal blood pressure measurements during multiple time-points in pregnancy and respiratory outcome measures in the child.We examined the associations of maternal blood pressure and hypertensive disorders with the risk of lower lung function, wheezing and asthma in children aged 10 years. This study among 4894 children was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study. We used multivariate analyses, taking lifestyle and socioeconomic factors into account.We observed consistent associations per 5 mmHg higher maternal blood pressure in early pregnancy with a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio (z-score −0.03 (95% CI −0.05– −0.01)) and per 5 mmHg higher blood pressure in late pregnancy with a higher risk for current wheezing and current asthma (OR 1.07 (95% CI 1.02–1.12) and 1.06 (95% CI 1.00–1.11), respectively). We found no associations of maternal hypertensive disorders during pregnancy with child lung function, current wheezing or current asthma.Our results suggest that higher blood pressure in pregnant women is associated with lower lung function and increased risks of current wheezing and current asthma in children. The associations may be trimester specific.

scholarly journals Role Of Viral Coinfections In Asthma Development In Children With Severe Bronchiolitis In Early Childhood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ruiz ◽  
Cristina Calvo ◽  
Francisco Pozo ◽  
Inmaculada Casas ◽  
María Luz García-García
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Sensitization Rate ◽  
Viral Coinfection

Abstract BACKGROUND. Severe viral bronchiolitis is associated with a higher risk of developing asthma, but little is known about the medium-term prognosis and the lung function evolution of patients admitted for viral coinfection-associated bronchiolitis. Our main objective was to compare the lung function, the prevalence of asthma and the rate of allergic sensitization at 6-9 years in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis with viral coinfection versus single viral infection.METHODS. Observational, longitudinal study in children previously hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis with current age between 6-9 years. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide determination, spirometry and skin prick test for common aeroallergens were performed.RESULTS. A total of 244 bronchiolitis-admitted children (52 coinfections and 192 single infections), with current age 6-9 years, accepted to participate by telephone answering the clinical questionnaires. Of them, 181 patients agreed for a medical visit. The overall frequency of asthma was 21%, being this prevalence almost twice as high in the viral coinfection group (p = 0.049). The coinfection cohort had more than twice as many admissions (p = 0.04), was more likely to receive montelukast (p = 0.06) and salmeterol/fluticasone treatment (p = 0.03) than the single-infection one. No differences regarding lung function values or allergic sensitization rate were observed between both groups.The variables independently related to current asthma at 6-9 years were: viral coinfection during bronchiolitis (p = 0.004), allergic rhinitis (p = 0.001), food allergy (p = 0.05) and atopic dermatitis (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS. Severe bronchiolitis associated with double or multiple viral detection in the first 24 months is an independent risk factor for higher frequency and greater severity of asthma at 6-9 years, being this risk almost three times higher compared to single infection. This fact is suggested by the higher frequency of current asthma, symptoms in intercrisis periods, maintenance anti-asthma treatment and number of hospitalizations for recurrent wheezing in children with coinfection compared to single infection. Early viral etiology identification in severe bronchiolitis might facilitate the prompt prediction and treatment of asthma in school age.

scholarly journals Traffic-related air pollution exposure over a 5-year period is associated with increased risk of asthma and poor lung function in middle age

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1602357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayan Bowatte ◽  
Bircan Erbas ◽  
Caroline J. Lodge ◽  
Luke D. Knibbs ◽  
Lyle C. Gurrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Major Road ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
The Impact

Current evidence concerning the impact of exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on adult respiratory morbidity mainly comes from cross-sectional studies. We sought to establish more robust measures of this association and potential gene–environment interactions using longitudinal data from an established cohort study.Associations between measures of TRAP (nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and distance to major roads) and wheeze, asthma prevalence and lung function were investigated in participants of the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study at 45- and 50-year follow-ups. Generalised estimating equations were used to quantify associations and the potential modifying effect of glutathioneS-transferase gene variants.Living <200 m from a major road was associated with increased prevalence of current asthma and wheeze, and lower lung function. The association between living <200 m from a major road and current asthma and wheeze was more marked for carriers of theGSTT1null andGSTP1 val/valorile/valgenotypes. Over the 5-year period, higher NO2exposures were associated with increased current asthma prevalence. Higher NO2exposure was associated with lower forced vital capacity for carriers of theGSTT1null genotype.TRAP exposures were associated with increased risk of asthma, wheeze and lower lung function in middle-aged adults. The interaction with theGSTT1genotype suggests that deficient antioxidant mechanisms may play a role in these adverse health effects.

No effect of artificial gravity on lung function with exercise training during head-down bed rest

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Longxiang Su ◽  
Yinghua Guo ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Delong Wang ◽  
Changting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractTo explore the effectiveness of microgravity simulated by head-down bed rest (HDBR) and artificial gravity (AG) with exercise on lung function. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into control and exercise countermeasure (CM) groups for 96 h of 6° HDBR. Comparisons of pulse rate, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and lung function were made between these two groups at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. Compared with the sitting position, inspiratory capacity and respiratory reserve volume were significantly higher than before HDBR (0° position) (P&lt; 0.05). Vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced inspiratory vital capacity, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75%, maximal mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow were all significantly lower than those before HDBR (P&lt; 0.05). Neither control nor CM groups showed significant differences in the pulse rate, SpO2, pulmonary volume and pulmonary ventilation function over the HDBR observation time. Postural changes can lead to variation in lung volume and ventilation function, but a HDBR model induced no changes in pulmonary function and therefore should not be used to study AG CMs.

Early Allergen Sensitization Affects Later Lung Function

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
SHARON WORCESTER
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Allergen Sensitization

Cyclophosphamide May Prop Up Lung Function in Scleroderma

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (19) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
COLIN NELSON
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function
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