Life cycles, phenology and genetic structure of endangered Megacrania tsudai Shiraki (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae): Male individuals from a geographic parthenogenesis species

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
I‐Hsin Wu ◽  
Hsui‐Huei Liu ◽  
Yu‐Yen Chen ◽  
Cheng‐Lung Tsai ◽  
Yi‐Ching Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Geographic Parthenogenesis ◽  
Megacrania Tsudai

scholarly journals The genetic diversity and differentiation of mussels with complex life cycles and relations to host fish migratory traits and densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Österling ◽  
Manuel Lopes-Lima ◽  
Elsa Froufe ◽  
Amra H. Hadzihalilovic ◽  
Björn Arvidsson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Mussel Population ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

Abstract Many landscape and biotic processes shape the genetic structure of populations. The genetic structure of species with parasitic stages may also depend on the life history and ecology of their host. We investigated population genetic structure of the mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in Southern Sweden, and in relation to the population size and life history of its hosts, Salmo trutta and S. salar. Mussel populations were genetically differentiated into two clusters, further subdivided into four clusters and distinct conservation units. Regardless of host species, the genetic differentiation was lower among mussel populations sustained by sea-migrating than by resident hosts, while the genetic diversity was higher in mussel populations sustained by sea-migrating than by resident hosts. Genetic diversity of mussel populations was positively related to host abundance. Mussel population size was positively related to high genetic diversity of mussels sustained by resident hosts, while low mussel population size sustained by sea-migrating hosts had a high genetic diversity. The results of our study suggest a combined influence of mussels and host fish on genetic structure of unionoid mussels. We suggest to conserve not only mussel population sizes and host fish species, but also consider host migratory/resident behaviour and abundance when designing conservation programs.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity of the selfing model grassBrachypodium stacei(Poaceae) in Western Mediterranean: out of the Iberian Peninsula and into the islands

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriia Shiposha ◽  
Pilar Catalán ◽  
Marina Olonova ◽  
Isabel Marques
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies

Annual Mediterranean species of the genusBrachypodiumare promising model plants for energy crops since their selfing nature and short-life cycles are an advantage in breeding programs. The false brome,B. distachyon, has already been sequenced and new genomic initiatives have triggered the de-novo genome sequencing of its close relatives such asB. stacei, a species that was until recently mistaken forB. distachyon. However, the success of these initiatives hinges on detailed knowledge about the distribution of genetic variation within and among populations for the effective use of germplasm in a breeding program. Understanding population genetic diversity and genetic structure is also an important prerequisite for designing effective experimental populations for genomic wide studies. However, population genetic data are still limited inB. stacei. We therefore selected and amplified 10 nuclear microsatellite markers to depict patterns of population structure and genetic variation among 181 individuals from 19 populations ofB. staceioccurring in its predominant range, the western Mediterranean area: mainland Iberian Peninsula, continental Balearic Islands and oceanic Canary Islands. Our genetic results support the occurrence of a predominant selfing system with extremely high levels of homozygosity across the analyzed populations. Despite the low level of genetic variation found, two different genetic clusters were retrieved, one clustering all SE Iberian mainland populations and the island of Minorca and another one grouping all S Iberian mainland populations, the Canary Islands and all Majorcan populations except one that clustered with the former group. These results, together with a high sharing of alleles (89%) suggest different colonization routes from the mainland Iberian Peninsula into the islands. A recent colonization scenario could explain the relatively low levels of genetic diversity and low number of alleles found in the Canary Islands populations while older colonization events are hypothesized to explain the high genetic diversity values found in the Majorcan populations. Our study provides widely applicable information about geographical patterns of genetic variation inB. stacei. Among others, the genetic pattern and the existence of local alleles will need to be adequately reflected in the germplasm collection ofB. staceifor efficient genome wide association studies.

scholarly journals Life on the Edge: Ecological Genetics of a High Arctic Insect Species and Its Circumpolar Counterpart

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Simon ◽  
Frédérique Mahéo ◽  
Lucie Mieuzet ◽  
Christelle Buchard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Ecological Genetics ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
History Of

Arctic ecosystems are subjected to strong environmental constraints that prevent both the colonization and development of many organisms. In Svalbard, few aphid species have established permanent populations. These high arctic aphid species have developed peculiar life-history traits such as shortened life cycles and reduced dispersal capacities. Here, we present data on the distribution and population genetics of Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum in Spitsbergen, the main island of the Svalbard archipelago, and compared its genetic structure with that of its close relative Acyrthosiphon brevicorne, sampled in the top of Scandinavian mainland. We found that A. svalbardicum is common but heterogeneously distributed along the west coast of Spitsbergen. We recorded this species up to 79°12’, which constitutes the northernmost location for any aphid. Genetic structure examined using microsatellite markers showed more pronounced spatial differentiation in A. svalbardicum than in A. brevicorne populations, presumably due to reduced dispersal capacities in the former species. Although populations of A. brevicorne and A. svalbardicum were well-delineated at nuclear loci, they shared similar cytoplasmic DNA haplotypes as revealed by sequence analysis of two DNA barcodes. These results raise questions about whether these two taxa are different species, and the colonization sources and history of the Svalbard archipelago by A. svalbardicum.

scholarly journals Life Cycle and Phylogeography of True Truffles

Genes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Jiao Qin ◽  
Bang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Northward Expansion

True truffle (Tuber spp.) is one group of ascomycetes with great economic importance. During the last 30 years, numerous fine-scale population genetics studies were conducted on different truffle species, aiming to answer several key questions regarding their life cycles; these questions are important for their cultivation. It is now evident that truffles are heterothallic, but with a prevalent haploid lifestyle. Strains forming ectomycorrhizas and germinating ascospores act as maternal and paternal partners respectively. At the same time, a number of large-scale studies were carried out, highlighting the influences of the last glaciation and river isolations on the genetic structure of truffles. A retreat to southern refugia during glaciation, and a northward expansion post glaciation, were revealed in all studied European truffles. The Mediterranean Sea, acting as a barrier, has led to the existence of several refugia in different peninsulas for a single species. Similarly, large rivers in southwestern China act as physical barriers to gene flow for truffles in this region. Further studies can pay special attention to population genetics of species with a wide distribution range, such as T. himalayense, and the correlation between truffle genetic structure and the community composition of truffle-associated bacteria.

Differential Pathways to PTSD: The Phenotypic and Genetic Structure of Psychiatric Comorbidity

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Wolf ◽  
Mark Miller ◽  
Karestan Koenen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity

THE CONCEPT OF AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS IN INDUSTRY 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
György Kovács ◽  
Rabab Benotsmane ◽  
László Dudás
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Digital Network

Recent tendencies – such as the life-cycles of products are shorter while consumers require more complex and more unique final products – poses many challenges to the production. The industrial sector is going through a paradigm shift. The traditional centrally controlled production processes will be replaced by decentralized control, which is built on the self-regulating ability of intelligent machines, products and workpieces that communicate with each other continuously. This new paradigm known as Industry 4.0. This conception is the introduction of digital network-linked intelligent systems, in which machines and products will communicate to one another in order to establish smart factories in which self-regulating production will be established. In this article, at first the essence, main goals and basic elements of Industry 4.0 conception is described. After it the autonomous systems are introduced which are based on multi agent systems. These systems include the collaborating robots via artificial intelligence which is an essential element of Industry 4.0.

Multiple-source Record Linkage in a Rural Industrial Community, 1680–1820

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve King
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Multiple Source ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Industrial Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Broad Outline

Re-creating the social, economic and demographic life-cycles of ordinary people is one way in which historians might engage with the complex continuities and changes which underlay the development of early modern communities. Little, however, has been written on the ways in which historians might deploy computers, rather than card indexes, to the task of identifying such life cycles from the jumble of the sources generated by local and national administration. This article suggests that multiple-source linkage is central to historical and demographic analysis, and reviews, in broad outline, some of the procedures adopted in a study which aims at large scale life cycle reconstruction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document